Linking Upper Ocean Dynamics with Extreme Weather and Climate Events over the Ocean (Second Edition)
A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Remote Sensing".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2025 | Viewed by 2790
Special Issue Editors
Interests: tropical cyclone–ocean interaction; upper ocean dynamics; ocean modelling; deep learning; wave–current interaction
Interests: remote sensing; weather and climate prediction and modeling; meteorology; climatology; ocean–atmosphere and air–sea interactions
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Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Extreme weather and climate events have a huge impact on the earth system and on human society. These occurrences often lead to natural hazards, underscoring the significance of studying such extreme weather and climate phenomena.
In the coupled earth system, extreme weather events and climate patterns trigger responses evident in the upper ocean. The feedback, whether positive or negative, plays a crucial role in the development of extreme weather and climate events. Furthermore, the complexities of ocean dynamics, spanning multiple scales, further emphasize the importance of understanding the interplay between ocean and extreme weather and climate events. New methodological and technological developments, including but not limited to, remote sensing, in situ observation, numerical modelling and artificial intelligence, have facilitated our understanding of these extreme events.
This Special Issue aims to publish research articles addressing the role the ocean plays in the occurrence, development, and prediction of extreme events. Field work, satellite remote sensing, theoretical derivation, and numerical modelling studies, aimed at better understanding the phenomena and processes of coupled atmosphere–ice–ocean system and their related interactions are all welcome. As a new path, deep learning or other new artificial intelligence technologies are particularly welcome.
Dr. Hailun He
Dr. Gad Levy
Guest Editors
Manuscript Submission Information
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Keywords
- extreme weather and climate
- air–sea interaction
- tropical cyclone
- extratropical cyclone
- ocean dynamics
- biological response
- in situ observation
- remote sensing observation
- ocean modelling
- operational forecast
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Planned Papers
The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.
Title: Remote sensed spatio-temporal study of the Tropical Cyclone Freddy exceptional case
Authors: Giuseppe Ciardullo; Leonardo Primavera; Fabrizio Ferrucci; Fabio Lepreti; Vincenzo Carbone
Affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 31/C, Ponte P. Bucci, Rende, Italy
Abstract: Dynamical processes during the different stages of evolution of tropical cyclones play crucial roles in their development and intensification, making them one of the most powerful natural forces on Earth. Since they can be classified as atmospheric extreme events due to the combination of several factors, it is significant to study their dynamical behavior and the nonlinear effects generated by emerging structures during scales and intensity transitions, correlating them with the surrounding environment. Under this perspective, the present work aims to investigate the extraordinary and record-breaking case study of Tropical Cyclone Freddy (2023 Indian Ocean tropical season) from a purely dynamic point of view, examining the superposition of energetic structures at different spatiotemporal scales. The first and most powerful intensification of Freddy is inspected by considering its characteristic thermal fluctuations over 12 days of its evolution. The tool used for this investigation is the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), in which a set of empirical basis functions is built up, retaining the maximum energetic content of the turbulent flow. The method is applied on a satellite imagery dataset, acquired from the SEVIRI radiometer onboard the Meteosat Second Generation - 8 (MSG-8) geostationary platform, from which the cloud-top temperature scalar field is remote sensed looking at the cloud’s associated system. For this application, considering Freddy’s very long life period and exceptionally wide path of its evolution, reanalysis and tracking data archives are taken into account in order to create an appropriately dynamic spatial grid. Freddy’s eye is followed after its first shape formation with very high temporal resolution snapshots of the temperature field. The energy content in three different characteristic scale ranges is analyzed through the associated spatial and temporal component spectra, focusing both on the total period and on the transitions between different categories.
Title: Potential Impact of Ocean Optical Properties on the Intensity of Mediterranean Cyclones
Authors: John Karagiorgos (1), Platon Patlakas (1), Vassilios Vervatis (1), and Sarantis Sofianos (1)
Affiliation: (1) Department of Physics, Section of Environmental Physics & Meteorology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Abstract: This study investigates the role of ocean optical properties and penetrative radiation in shaping the heat content of the upper ocean and their subsequent impact on the intensity of Mediterranean cyclones. Using a coupled ocean-wave-atmosphere model for the Mediterranean region, we performed sensitivity experiments with different ocean color datasets and solar radiation penetration schemes. The findings aim to advance our understanding on the interactions between the upper ocean conditions and cyclone dynamics, providing new insights into the feedback mechanisms that affect cyclone development and intensity. Apart from the pure scientific interest, the findings can be a step forward in improving cyclone predictability and climate impact assessments.