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Using Remote Sensing Technology to Quantify Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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Dear Colleagues,

Monitoring anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions using a top-down approach has become an important supplement to the existing bottom-up verification systems. In recent years, estimating fluxes at regional and urban scales using greenhouse gas concentration observations from satellite remote sensing has become a popular research area. Moreover, the rapidly advancing imaging spectrometer technology provides unprecedented tools for identifying point sources of greenhouse gases. These emerging technologies are rapidly evolving, providing more effective tools for addressing anthropogenic climate change.

This Special Issue focuses on cutting-edge research which utilises advanced remote sensing technologies to measure greenhouse gas emissions, encompassing both theoretical and methodological innovations as well as application experiments. We aim to advance the role of remote sensing technologies in monitoring, verifying, and reporting carbon emissions, and we hope to see these emerging technologies better serve humanity's collective efforts to combat climate change.

The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

Greenhouse gas remote sensing;
Emission estimation methods;
MethaneSAT;
DQ-1;
Ground-based FTIR;
Imaging spectrometers;
Nocturnal remote sensing.

Dr. Ge Han
Dr. Simit Raval
Dr. Tianqi Shi
Guest Editors

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24 pages, 25124 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Co-Response of Atmospheric NO₂ and CO₂ Concentrations from Satellites Observations of Anthropogenic CO₂ Emissions for Assessing the Synergistic Effects of Pollution and Carbon Reduction

by Kaiyuan Guo, Liping Lei, Hao Song, Zhanghui Ji and Liangyun Liu

Remote Sens. 2025, 17(5), 739; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17050739 - 20 Feb 2025

Viewed by 440

Abstract

Anthropogenic CO₂ emissions are one of the primary drivers of the increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. It has been indicated that reducing emitted pollution gases can simultaneously bring out anthropogenic CO₂ reduction, known as the synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction for controlling increases in CO₂ and pollution gas concentrations. This study aims to assess these synergistic effects, which are still not clearly understood, by analyzing the mechanisms of atmospheric CO₂ and NO₂ concentration variability in response to human emission reduction activities. We utilize satellite-observed NO₂, which is a short-lived anthropogenic pollution gas with the same emission sources as CO₂, along with CO₂ concentration data to detect their simultaneous response to anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, thereby assessing and comparing the synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction in the two study areas of China and the United States, as well as in a special scenario of abrupt reductions in anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. The results show that the synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction in the United States are likely better than those in China, as the United States demonstrates a stronger response (R² = 0.53) between atmospheric NO₂ and anthropogenic CO₂ emission compared with China (R² = 0.36). This difference is attributable to the CO₂ emissions from coal-fired power generation in China are much more than those in the United States, where oil and natural gas dominate. Furthermore, the analysis of special scenarios during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022) in China demonstrates that the types of anthropogenic emission sources are the main factors influencing the synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction. Specifically, the megacity regions, where fossil fuel power plants and transportation are the main emission sources, presented stronger synergistic effects of pollution and carbon reduction than those regions dominated by coal-based metallurgical and chemical plants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Using Remote Sensing Technology to Quantify Greenhouse Gas Emissions)

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