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Processes
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Offshore Oil and Gas Development Theory, Numerical Simulation and Technology
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Offshore Oil and Gas Development Theory, Numerical Simulation and Technology

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Petroleum and Low-Carbon Energy Process Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 29 July 2026 | Viewed by 1985

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chao Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
Interests: CO2 flooding; CO2 geological sequestration; foam fluids EOR (enhanced oil recovery); heavy oil; tight oil; fracture-vuggy carbonate reservoir
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wei Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Energy Resources, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
Interests: foam fluids enhance recovery rate; foam acid fracturing; carbon dioxide enhances recovery rate and its mass transfer laws in porous media; advanced technologies for enhancing recovery rate in ultra-super heavy oil reservoirs; shale gas productivity and comprehensive reservoir evaluation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, offshore oil and gas reservoirs have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties. Compared to onshore oil and gas reservoirs, most offshore oil and gas exploitation is carried out in a centralized well layout, with horizontal wells being the main type. The spatial limitations of the platform, the synchronous exploitation of multiple layers, and the production of large liquid volumes have led to certain particularities in offshore oil and gas exploitation. Its complex production background make oil and gas development difficult to effectively characterize through traditional approaches. Therefore, new multiscale and multiphysical methods are being continuously developed to characterize offshore oil and gas reservoirs and to describe flow, transport and development mechanisms.

This Special Issue focuses on the sustainable development of offshore oil and gas resources, recent advances, and the challenges they are facing for sustainability. We will bring together researchers in the aforementioned fields to highlight the current development of new techniques, to exchange the latest knowledge on the underlying mechanisms, to present advanced algorithms for modeling and innovative experimental methods, and to facilitate collaboration between researchers in different fields. We welcome the submission of both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Efficient Well Pattern Optimization and Deployment Strategies under the Spatial Constraints of Offshore Platforms;
  • Flow Mechanisms and Productivity Prediction of Horizontal and Multilateral Wells in Concurrent Multi-Layer Offshore Development;
  • Novel Methods for Multiscale Geological Modeling and Reservoir Characterization of Offshore Oil and Gas Reservoirs;
  • Multiphase Flow Theory and Flow Assurance Technologies for High-Volume Liquid Production Systems in Offshore Operations;
  • Multiphysics Coupling Simulation and Innovative Numerical Algorithms for Offshore Oil and Gas Development;
  • Environmental Impact and Emission Reduction Technologies for Sustainable Development of Deep/Ultra-Deepwater Oil and Gas Resources;
  • Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Technologies and Field Applications in Offshore Oilfields;
  • Application of Intelligent and Digital Technologies for Dynamic Monitoring and Management of Offshore Oil and Gas Fields;
  • Experimental Simulation Methods and Complex Flow Visualization Techniques for Offshore Oil and Gas Development.

Dr. Chao Zhang
Prof. Dr. Wei Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • offshore oil and gas
  • efficient development measures
  • enhanced oil recovery
  • flow assurance
  • sustainability

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 4546 KB  
Article
Comprehensive Strategy for Effective Exploitation of Offshore Extra-Heavy Oilfields with Cyclic Steam Stimulation
by Chunsheng Zhang, Jianhua Bai, Xu Zheng, Wei Zhang and Chao Zhang
Processes 2026, 14(2), 359; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14020359 - 20 Jan 2026
Viewed by 403
Abstract
The N Oilfield is the first offshore extra-heavy oilfield developed using thermal recovery methods, adopting cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and commissioned in 2022. The development of offshore heavy oil reservoirs is confronted with numerous technical and operational challenges. Key constraints include limited platform [...] Read more.
The N Oilfield is the first offshore extra-heavy oilfield developed using thermal recovery methods, adopting cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and commissioned in 2022. The development of offshore heavy oil reservoirs is confronted with numerous technical and operational challenges. Key constraints include limited platform space, stringent economic thresholds for single-well production, and elevated operational risks, collectively contributing to significant uncertainties in project viability. For effective exploitation of the target oilfield, a comprehensive strategy was proposed, which consisted of effective artificial lifting, steam channeling and high water cut treatment. First, to achieve efficient artificial lifting of the extra-heavy oil, an integrated injection–production lifting technology using jet pump was designed and implemented. In addition, during the first steam injection cycle, challenges such as inter-well steam channeling, high water cut, and an excessive water recovery ratio were encountered. Subsequent analysis indicated that low-quality reservoir intervals were the dominant sources of unwanted water production and preferential steam channeling pathways. To address these problems, a suite of efficiency-enhancing technologies was established, including regional steam injection for channeling suppression, classification-based water shutoff and control, and production regime optimization. Given the significant variations in geological conditions and production dynamics among different types of high-water-cut wells, a single plugging agent system proved inadequate for their diverse requirements. Therefore, customized water control countermeasures were formulated for specific well types, and a suite of plugging agent systems with tailored properties was subsequently developed, including high-temperature-resistant N2 foam, high-temperature-degradable gel, and high-strength ultra-fine cement systems. To date, regional steam injection has been implemented in 10 well groups, water control measures have been applied to 12 wells, and production regimes optimization has been implemented in 5 wells. Up to the current production round, no steam channeling has been observed in the well groups after thermal treatment. Compared with the pre-measurement stage, the average water cut per well decreased by 10%. During the three-year production cycle, the average daily oil production per well increased by 10%, the cumulative oil increment of the oilfield reached 15,000 tons, and the total crude oil production exceeded 800,000 tons. This study provides practical technical insights for the large-scale and efficient development of extra-heavy oil reservoirs in the Bohai Oilfield and offers a valuable reference for similar reservoirs worldwide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Offshore Oil and Gas Development Theory, Numerical Simulation and Technology)
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Review

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23 pages, 5792 KB  
Review
A Review of Eddy Current In-Line Inspection Technology for Oil and Gas Pipelines
by Xianbing Liang, Chaojie Xu, Xi Zhang and Wenming Jiang
Processes 2026, 14(2), 247; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14020247 - 10 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1313
Abstract
Pipeline infrastructure constitutes the primary transportation system within the oil and gas industry, where operational safety is critically dependent on advanced in-line inspection technologies. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of eddy current testing (ECT) applications for pipeline integrity assessment. The fundamental principles [...] Read more.
Pipeline infrastructure constitutes the primary transportation system within the oil and gas industry, where operational safety is critically dependent on advanced in-line inspection technologies. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of eddy current testing (ECT) applications for pipeline integrity assessment. The fundamental principles of ECT are first elucidated, followed by a systematic comparative evaluation of five key ECT methodologies: conventional, multi-frequency, remote field, pulsed, and array eddy current techniques. The analysis examines their detection mechanisms, technical specifications, comparative advantages, and current developmental trajectories, with particular emphasis on future technological evolution. Subsequently, integrating global pipeline infrastructure development trends and market requirements, representative designs of pipeline inspection tools are detailed and we review relevant industry applications. Finally, persistent challenges in ECT applications are identified, particularly regarding adaptability to complex operational environments, quantification accuracy for micro-scale defects, and predictive capability for defect progression. This study proposes that future ECT equipment development should prioritize multi-modal integration, miniaturization, and intelligent analysis to enable comprehensive pipeline safety management throughout the entire asset lifecycle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Offshore Oil and Gas Development Theory, Numerical Simulation and Technology)
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