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Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd...
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Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd Edition

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Process Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2025 | Viewed by 7702

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ádina L. Santana

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Grain Science and Industry Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
Interests: supercritical fluid technology; phenolic compounds; analytical chemistry; grain science; glycation; antioxidants; food processing; emerging technologies; agricultural wastes; bioactivity.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Everyday life has made consumers genuinely concerned about the origin of the products they consume. Therefore, green technologies are overly requested in industrial processing for developing more and more products with a high-quality standard. One of these green technologies is the use of supercritical and pressurized fluids, which may be used in one or several stages of industrial processing.

This Special Issue intends to cover various aspects of supercritical technology applied to food, fuel, natural products, pharmaceuticals and materials processing. The manuscripts should focus on (the) extraction, particle formation, hydrolysis, gasification, reactions and catalysis, among other processes that employ high-pressure technologies in an environmentally friendly way. Submissions on the uses of supercritical chromatography and hyphenated methods with supercritical fluids and pressurized liquids for food and drugs quality assessment are welcome. Modeling, survey papers and reviews are also welcomed.

Dr. Ádina L. Santana
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioactive compounds
  • supercritical technology
  • supercritical fluid extraction
  • high pressure phase equilibria
  • particle formation assisted with supercritical fluids and compressed liquids
  • application of supercritical technology-based products in foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and textiles
  • life cycle analysis of processes assisted with supercritical technology
  • process intensification with supercritical technology
  • analytical methods hyphenated with supercritical fluids and pressurized liquids
  • accelerated solvent extraction
  • chemical reactions assisted with supercritical fluids
  • characterization and biological activity of products processed with supercritical fluids and pressurized liquids
  • gasification assisted with supercritical fluids
  • sterilization assisted with supercritical fluids
  • impregnation assisted with supercritical fluids
  • polymer processing assisted with supercritical fluids
  • power generation with supercritical technology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 12625 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Thermodynamics and Dynamics of CO2 Using Rigid Models
by Lucas Avila Pinheiro, Walas Silva-Oliveira, Elizane E. de Moraes and José Rafael Bordin
Processes 2025, 13(1), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010148 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 801
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2) under varying thermodynamic conditions is essential for optimizing processes such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and supercritical fluid extraction. This study employs molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the EPM2 and TraPPE-small force fields [...] Read more.
Understanding the behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2) under varying thermodynamic conditions is essential for optimizing processes such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and supercritical fluid extraction. This study employs molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the EPM2 and TraPPE-small force fields to examine CO2 phase behavior, structural characteristics, and transport properties across a temperature range of 228–500 K and pressures from 1 to 150 atm. Our findings indicate a good agreement between simulated and experimental liquid–vapor coexistence curves, validating the capability of both force fields to model CO2 accurately in a wide range of thermodynamical conditions. Radial distribution functions (RDFs) reveal distinct interaction patterns in liquid and supercritical phases, while mean squared displacement (MSD) analyses show diffusivity increasing from 5.2×10−9 m2/s at 300 K to 1.8×10−8 m2/s at 500 K. Additionally, response functions such as the heat capacity effectively capture phase transitions. These findings provide quantitative insights into CO2 phase behavior and transport properties, enhancing the predictive reliability of simulations for CCS and related industrial technologies. This work bridges gaps in the CO2 modeling literature and highlights the potential of MD simulations in advancing sustainable applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd Edition)
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25 pages, 5299 KiB  
Article
Supercritical CO2-Based Extraction and Detection of Phenolic Compounds and Saponins from the Leaves of Three Medicago varia Mart. Varieties by Tandem Mass Spectrometry
by Mayya P. Razgonova, Muhammad Amjad Nawaz, Elena P. Ivanova, Elena I. Cherevach and Kirill S. Golokhvast
Processes 2024, 12(5), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12051041 - 20 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1674
Abstract
A comparative metabolomic study of three varieties of alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.) was performed via extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide modified with ethanol (EtOH) and the detection of bioactive compounds via tandem mass spectrometry. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure [...] Read more.
A comparative metabolomic study of three varieties of alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.) was performed via extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide modified with ethanol (EtOH) and the detection of bioactive compounds via tandem mass spectrometry. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range of 50–250 bar, with ethanol used as a co-solvent in an amount of 1% of the total volume in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31–70 °C. The most effective extraction conditions were as follows: a pressure of 250 Bar and a temperature of 60 °C for M. varia. M. varia contains various phenolic compounds and sulfated polyphenols with valuable biological activity. Tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI–ion trap) was applied to detect the target analytes. A total of 103 bioactive compounds (59 polyphenols and 44 compounds belonging to other chemical groups) were tentatively identified in extracts from aerial parts of alfalfa. For the first time, twenty-one chemical constituents from the polyphenol group (flavones: Formononetin, Chrysoeriol, Cirsimaritin, Cirsiliol, Cirsilineol, tricin-O-hexoside, Apigenin C-glucose C-deoxyhexoside, Apigenin 7-O-diglucuronide, 2′-Hydroxygenistein 4′,7-O-diglucoside, etc.) and six from other chemical groups (saponins: Soyasaponin II, Soyasaponin gamma g, Soyasaponin I, Soyasaponin Bd, Soyaysaponin beta g, etc.) were identified in the aerial parts of M. varia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 2204 KiB  
Article
Investigating Salt Precipitation in Continuous Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass
by Julian Dutzi, Nikolaos Boukis and Jörg Sauer
Processes 2024, 12(5), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12050935 - 3 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1569
Abstract
The formation of solid deposits in the process of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is one of the main problems hindering the commercial application of the process. Seven experiments were conducted with the grass Reed Canary Grass with different preheating temperatures, but all ended [...] Read more.
The formation of solid deposits in the process of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is one of the main problems hindering the commercial application of the process. Seven experiments were conducted with the grass Reed Canary Grass with different preheating temperatures, but all ended early due to the formation of solid deposits (maximum operation of 3.8 h). The position of solid deposits in the lab plant changed with the variation in the temperature profile. Since the formation of solid deposits consisting of salts, coke, and corrosion products is a severe issue that needs to be resolved in order to enable long-time operation, inner temperature measurements were conducted to determine the temperature range that corresponds with the zone of solid formation. The temperature range was found to be 400 to 440 °C. Wherever this temperature was first reached solid deposits occurred in the system that led to blockage of the flow. Additional to the influence of the temperature, the influence of the flow direction (up-flow or down-flow) on the operation of the continuous SCWG plant was examined. If salts are not separated from the system sufficiently, up-flow reactors should be avoided because they amplify the accumulation of solid deposits leading to a shortened operation time. The heating concept coupled with the salt separation needs to be redesigned in order to separate the salts before entering the gasification reactors. Outside of the determined temperature zone no deposition was visible. Thus, even though the gasification efficiency was low it could be shown that the operation was limited to the deposits forming in the heating section and not by incomplete gasification in the reactor where T > 600 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd Edition)
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Review

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49 pages, 9536 KiB  
Review
The Great Versatility of Supercritical Fluids in Industrial Processes: A Focus on Chemical, Agri-Food and Energy Applications
by Manita Kamjam, Somkiat Ngamprasertsith, Ruengwit Sawangkeaw, Manop Charoenchaitrakool, Romain Privat, Jean-Noël Jaubert and Michel Molière
Processes 2024, 12(11), 2402; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12112402 - 31 Oct 2024
Viewed by 2968
Abstract
Long a thermodynamic curiosity, supercritical fluids (SCFs) have gradually gained ground in today’s life, generating an increasing number of new, efficient processes in diverse industrial sectors and fueling active R&D programs. Indeed, the versatility of SCFs allows them to serve a wide variety [...] Read more.
Long a thermodynamic curiosity, supercritical fluids (SCFs) have gradually gained ground in today’s life, generating an increasing number of new, efficient processes in diverse industrial sectors and fueling active R&D programs. Indeed, the versatility of SCFs allows them to serve a wide variety of applications. The list includes not only food processing, biofuel production, extraction of biomolecules marketable as medicines, cosmetics and nutraceuticals, but also emerging technologies for the production of electrical power, based on supercritical or transcritical thermodynamic cycles. This jointly authored article will provide a review of important applications covered by our laboratories in the agri-food, chemical and energy sectors. We will then try to detect recent trends and outline future prospects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supercritical Technology Applied to Food, Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Energy Industries—2nd Edition)
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