Physiological and Ecological Responses of Arctic and Alpine Plants to Climate Change

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 899

Special Issue Editors

Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: alpine plant ecology with special interests in eco-physiology of alpine plant life, coupling of water, carbon and nitrogen cycling of alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau
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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
Interests: geographical patterns of biodiversity; alpine plant regeneration in response to climate change; invasion of alien plant species on the Tibetan Plateau

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Arctic and alpine ecosystems are among the most climate-sensitive regions on Earth. Under accelerating global warming, shifting precipitation patterns and intensified ultraviolet radiation, plants in cold-climate environments face unprecedented challenges to their survival strategies, community structure, and ecological functions. However, critical knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the physiological adaptation mechanisms, interspecific interaction, and long-term impacts of community dynamics on ecosystem functioning. Unraveling how vulnerable cold-climate plants respond to intensifying climate changes is a pivotal scientific question with far-reaching global implications. This Special Issue aims to synthesize recent multidisciplinary advances and original research on the responses of cold-climate plants, deciphering the physiological and ecological mechanisms underlying arctic and alpine plant responses to changing climate, providing scientific foundations for biodiversity conservation and management strategies.

We welcome submissions addressing, among other topics, plant eco-physiology, dendroecology, phenology, and population- or community-level characteristics in cold environments, with a particular emphasis on their responses to warming, altered precipitation regimes, changing snow cover, extreme climatic events, and interactions with both biotic and abiotic stressors. We especially encourage experimental, observational, and modeling studies that elucidate the underlying mechanisms of resilience, acclimation, and evolutionary adaptation in arctic and alpine areas. The major thematic topics are as follows:

  • Plant distribution and adaptation in the cold-climate environments.
  • Eco-physiological responses, including photosynthesis, water relation, nutrient mineralization, carbon investment and productivity, etc.
  • Phenotypic plasticity, intraspecific trait variation in mediating plant species’ responses to climate change.
  • Range shift or vegetation boundary (e.g., tree lines and shrublines) to keep up with climate change.
  • Impacts of climate change on plant-plant interactions, plant–pollinator networks and plant–microbial interactions.
  • Vulnerability of plants and ecological consequences in response to extreme climatic events (e.g., droughts and snowstorms).
  • Seed ecology of cold-climate plants in response to climatic change.
  • Plant diversity conservation and ecosystem management.

Dr. Peili Shi
Prof. Dr. Guoyan Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • arctic and alpine environments
  • climate change
  • extreme climate events
  • biotic interaction
  • eco-physiological response
  • phenology
  • plant and population
  • community ecology
  • seed ecology
  • phenotypic plasticity
  • adaptive evolution

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2326 KiB  
Article
Patterns and Determinants of Ecological Uniqueness in Plant Communities on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
by Liangtao Li and Gheyur Gheyret
Plants 2025, 14(15), 2379; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14152379 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 367
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one of the world’s most prominent biodiversity hotspots. Understanding the spatial patterns of ecological uniqueness in its plant communities is essential for uncovering the mechanisms of community assembly and informing effective conservation strategies. In this study, we analyzed data [...] Read more.
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is one of the world’s most prominent biodiversity hotspots. Understanding the spatial patterns of ecological uniqueness in its plant communities is essential for uncovering the mechanisms of community assembly and informing effective conservation strategies. In this study, we analyzed data from 758 plots across 338 sites on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. For each plot, the vegetation type was classified, and all plant species present, along with their respective abundance or coverage, were recorded in the database. To assess overall compositional variation, community β-diversity was quantified, while a plot-level approach was applied to determine the influence of local environmental conditions and community characteristics on ecological uniqueness. We used stepwise multiple regressions, variation partitioning, and structural equation modeling to identify the key drivers of spatial variation in ecological uniqueness. Our results show that (1) local contributions to β-diversity (LCBD) exhibit significant geographic variation—increasing with longitude, decreasing with latitude, and showing a unimodal trend along the elevational gradient; (2) shrubs and trees contribute more to β-diversity than herbaceous species, and LCBD is strongly linked to the proportion of rare species; and (3) community characteristics, including species richness and vegetation coverage, are the main direct drivers of ecological uniqueness, explaining 36.9% of the variance, whereas climate and soil properties exert indirect effects through their interactions. Structural equation modeling further reveals a coordinated influence of soil, climate, and community attributes on LCBD, primarily mediated through soil nutrient availability. These findings provide a theoretical basis for adaptive biodiversity management on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and underscore the conservation value of regions with high ecological uniqueness. Full article
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18 pages, 4218 KiB  
Article
Impact of Snow on Vegetation Green-Up on the Mongolian Plateau
by Xiang Zhang, Chula Sa, Fanhao Meng, Min Luo, Xulei Wang, Xin Tian and Endon Garmaev
Plants 2025, 14(15), 2310; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14152310 - 26 Jul 2025
Viewed by 274
Abstract
Snow serves as a crucial water source for vegetation growth on the Mongolian Plateau, and its temporal and spatial variations exert profound influences on terrestrial vegetation phenology. In recent years, global climate change has led to significant changes in snow and vegetation start [...] Read more.
Snow serves as a crucial water source for vegetation growth on the Mongolian Plateau, and its temporal and spatial variations exert profound influences on terrestrial vegetation phenology. In recent years, global climate change has led to significant changes in snow and vegetation start of growing season (SOS). Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of snow cover on vegetation growth and changes on the Mongolian Plateau. The study found that the spatial snow cover fraction (SCF) of the Mongolian Plateau ranged from 50% to 60%, and the snow melt date (SMD) ranged from day of the year (DOY) 88 to 220, mainly concentrated on the northwest Mongolian Plateau mountainous areas. Using different SOS methods to calculate the vegetation SOS distribution map. Vegetation SOS occurs earlier in the eastern part compared to the western part of the Mongolian Plateau. In this study, we assessed spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of snow on the Mongolian Plateau over the period from 2001 to 2023. The results showed that the SOS of the Mongolian Plateau was mainly concentrated on DOY 71-186. The Cox survival analysis model system established SCF and SMD on vegetation SOS. The SCF standard coefficient is 0.06, and the SMD standard coefficient is 0.02. The SOSNDVI coefficient is −0.15, and the SOSNDGI coefficient is −0.096. The results showed that the vegetation SOS process exhibited differential response characteristics to snow driving factors. These research results also highlight the important role of snow in vegetation phenology and emphasize the importance of incorporating the unique effects of vegetation SOS on the Mongolian Plateau. Full article
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