Physiological and Genetic Mechanisms of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2026 | Viewed by 441

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
Interests: abiotic stress; biochemistry; biotechnology; bioinformatics; genetics; hormonal signaling; physiology
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Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
Interests: crop abiotic stresses; plant physiology; biochemistry; nutrient management; plant breeding; plant growth and yield analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants are continuously exposed to a wide range of environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, flooding, nutrient imbalance and oxidative stress, which severely constrain plant growth, productivity and global food security. Understanding how plants perceive, respond to and adapt to these stresses is therefore of critical importance for sustainable agriculture, especially under the current challenges posed by climate change.

Plants have evolved complex physiological, biochemical and genetic mechanisms to cope with adverse environmental conditions. These adaptive responses involve coordinated regulation of photosynthesis, water relations, nutrient uptake, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defense systems, phytohormone signaling and stress-responsive gene networks. At the genetic and molecular levels, transcription factors, signaling pathways, epigenetic regulation and stress-inducible genes play pivotal roles in determining stress tolerance and resilience across diverse plant species. Recent advances in plant physiology, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenotyping have greatly enhanced our understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms. Moreover, modern breeding approaches, genetic engineering, genome editing and the use of beneficial microbes and biostimulants provide new opportunities to develop stress-resilient crops without compromising yield and quality.

This Special Issue aims to bring together original research articles and comprehensive reviews that address physiological, molecular and genetic aspects of environmental stress tolerance in plants. Contributions focusing on model plants, crops and horticultural species are all welcome.

We hope this Special Issue will provide a valuable platform for advancing knowledge on plant stress biology and contribute to the development of climate-resilient crops for sustainable agriculture.

We look forward to your valuable contributions

Dr. Chien Van Ha
Prof. Dr. Md Arifur Rahman Khan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • abiotic stress tolerance
  • plant physiology
  • stress signaling and phytohormones
  • genetic and molecular regulation
  • antioxidant defense mechanisms
  • photosynthesis under abiotic stresses
  • crop resilience
  • stress-responsive genes
  • climate change and plant adaptation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3746 KB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification of LCY Genes in Capsicum annuum Reveals CaLCYB1 as a Key Regulator of Carotenoid Biosynthesis with Implications for Abiotic Stress Tolerance
by Haiyang Yu, Ziji Liu, Xi Li, Tingli Wang, Shucan Liu, Shuo Xu, Qiaoyun He, Xiai Yang, Zhimin Li, Shitao Sun, Xiushi Yang, Genggui Liu, Xinhong Guo, Yanchun Deng and Chunsheng Hou
Plants 2026, 15(9), 1283; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15091283 - 22 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Carotenoids contribute to photoprotection and abiotic stress adaptation in plants, and lycopene cyclases (LCYs) occupy a key branch point in carotenoid biosynthesis. However, the composition and stress-responsive divergence of LCY genes in pepper remain insufficiently characterized. In this study, we identified six CaLCY [...] Read more.
Carotenoids contribute to photoprotection and abiotic stress adaptation in plants, and lycopene cyclases (LCYs) occupy a key branch point in carotenoid biosynthesis. However, the composition and stress-responsive divergence of LCY genes in pepper remain insufficiently characterized. In this study, we identified six CaLCY genes in Capsicum annuum and analyzed their structural features and expression patterns under drought and salt stress. CaLCYB1 showed the strongest and most consistent induction under both drought and salt stresses and was positively correlated with carotenoid accumulation, whereas the other CaLCY members exhibited distinct or negligible expression patterns. Transient overexpression of CaLCYB1 significantly increased β-carotene and total carotenoid contents by 117.6% and 45.1%, respectively, relative to the empty-vector control, and also augmented ABTS•+ radical scavenging activity as well as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. Conversely, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaLCYB1 led to marked reductions in all of these parameters. Correlation analysis, together with gain- and loss-of-function assays, supports an important role of CaLCYB1 in carotenoid accumulation and β,β-branch-related antioxidant responses under stress. Yeast two-hybrid screening identified three potential interactors of CaLCYB1, namely CaUBQ, CaLHP1, and CaLARP6B. This study provides a family-level characterization of LCY genes in pepper and identifies CaLCYB1 as a major stress-responsive member that directs carotenoid flux and enhances antioxidant capacity under abiotic stress. Full article
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