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Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II

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A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Delivery and Controlled Release".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2023) | Viewed by 42967

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Dr. Marek Konop

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Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland
Interests: diabetes; keratin biomaterials; skin wound healing; scaffolds; surgical wounds; tissue regeneration; wound dressing; biodegradability/biocompatibility; animal model of wound healing
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Prof. Dr. Ewa Kłodzińska

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Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: electromigration techniques; bacteria characterization by capillary electrophoresis; wound dressing; zeta potential measurements; drug release from biomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Normal skin wound healing is a complex biological process, involving many different stages and cell types as well as numerous signalling molecules and pathways which aim to restore skin structure and function. However, impaired wound healing is a major medical problem, especially in diabetes. The promotion of skin regeneration in cases of acute or chronic wounds through the use of tissue-engineered products is an active ﬁeld of research. One of the primary goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the development of a matrix or scaffolding system that mimics the structure and function of native tissue. In the last few years biomaterials have been widely investigated for several biomedical applications, such as implants, wound dressings, scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and antibacterial agents for regenerative medicine. These materials’ surface functionalization, by incorporating biomolecules, biopolymers, or bioactive drugs, has been shown to achieve improvements in the field of creating new types of wound dressings. The evolution of modern biomaterials is focused on challenges related to the design of biocompatible smart materials with desired physical, chemical, mechanical, biological, and degradation properties to match the requirements for specific medical applications.

Dr. Marek Konop
Prof. Dr. Ewa Kłodzińska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

biomaterials
experimental dermatology
tissue engineering
controlled drug release
nanoparticles and antibacterial properties
biopolymers
wound dressing
cell and mollecular biology
molecular signaling

Related Special Issues

Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations in Pharmaceutics (14 articles)
Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations, 3rd Edition in Pharmaceutics

Published Papers (13 papers)

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14 pages, 3076 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design and Synthesis of Amphiphilic Graft Polyphosphazene Micelles for Docetaxel Delivery

by Diana Serbezeanu, Tǎchițǎ Vlad-Bubulac, Ana-Maria Macsim and Vera Bǎlan

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(5), 1564; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051564 - 22 May 2023

Viewed by 1095

Abstract

The structural versatility of polydichlorophosphazene derived from the inestimable possibilities to functionalize the two halogens, attached to each phosphazene main chain unit, attracted increasing attention in the last decade. This uncountable chemical derivatization is doubled by the amphiphilic roleplay demonstrated by polyphosphazenes containing twofold side-chained hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. Thus, it is able to encapsulate specific bioactive molecules for various targeted nanomedicine applications. A new amphiphilic graft, polyphosphazenes (PPP/PEG–NH/Hys/MAB), was synthesized via the thermal ring-opening polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, followed by a subsequent two-step substitution reaction of chlorine atoms with hydrophilic methoxypolyethylene glycol amine/histamine dihydrochloride adduct (PEG–NH₂)/(Hys) and hydrophobic methyl-p-aminobenzoate (MAB), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ¹H and ³¹P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) have been used to validate the expected architectural assembly of the copolymer. Docetaxel loaded micelles based on synthesized PPP/PEG–NH/Hys/MAB were designed by dialysis method. The micelles size was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The drug release profiles from the PPP/PEG–NH/Hys/MAB micelles were established. In vitro cytotoxicity tests of PPP/PEG–NH/Hys/MAB micelles loaded with Docetaxel revealed that designed polymeric micelles exhibited an increased cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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25 pages, 17271 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Topically Applied Biopolymer-Based Tri-Layered Hierarchically Structured Nanofibrous Scaffold with a Self-Pumping Effect for Accelerated Full-Thickness Wound Healing in a Rat Model

by Kholoud H. Hamza, Ahmed A. El-Shanshory, Mona M. Agwa, Mohamed I. Abo-Alkasem, Esmail M. El-Fakharany, Abdallah S. Abdelsattar, Ali A. El-Bardan, Taher S. Kassem, Xiumei Mo and Hesham M. A. Soliman

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(5), 1518; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051518 - 17 May 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1718

Abstract

Wound healing has grown to be a significant problem at a global scale. The lack of multifunctionality in most wound dressing-based biopolymers prevents them from meeting all clinical requirements. Therefore, a multifunctional biopolymer-based tri-layered hierarchically nanofibrous scaffold in wound dressing can contribute to skin regeneration. In this study, a multifunctional antibacterial biopolymer-based tri-layered hierarchically nanofibrous scaffold comprising three layers was constructed. The bottom and the top layers contain hydrophilic silk fibroin (SF) and fish skin collagen (COL), respectively, for accelerated healing, interspersed with a middle layer of hydrophobic poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) containing amoxicillin (AMX) as an antibacterial drug. The advantageous physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous scaffold were estimated by SEM, FTIR, fluid uptake, contact angle, porosity, and mechanical properties. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity and cell healing were assessed by MTT assay and the cell scratching method, respectively, and revealed excellent biocompatibility. The nanofibrous scaffold exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against multiple pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the in vivo wound healing and histological studies demonstrated complete wound healing in wounded rats on day 14, along with an increase in the expression level of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and a decrease in the expression level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The results revealed that the fabricated nanofibrous scaffold is a potent wound dressing scaffold, and significantly accelerates full-thickness wound healing in a rat model. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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20 pages, 5424 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Marine Collagen-Based Bioink for 3D Bioprinting of a Bilayered Skin Model

by Aida Cavallo, Tamer Al Kayal, Angelica Mero, Andrea Mezzetta, Anissa Pisani, Ilenia Foffa, Cecilia Vecoli, Marianna Buscemi, Lorenzo Guazzelli, Giorgio Soldani and Paola Losi

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(5), 1331; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051331 - 24 Apr 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2110

Abstract

Marine organisms (i.e., fish, jellyfish, sponges or seaweeds) represent an abundant and eco-friendly source of collagen. Marine collagen, compared to mammalian collagen, can be easily extracted, is water-soluble, avoids transmissible diseases and owns anti-microbial activities. Recent studies have reported marine collagen as a suitable biomaterial for skin tissue regeneration. The aim of this work was to investigate, for the first time, marine collagen from basa fish skin for the development of a bioink for extrusion 3D bioprinting of a bilayered skin model. The bioinks were obtained by mixing semi-crosslinked alginate with 10 and 20 mg/mL of collagen. The bioinks were characterised by evaluating the printability in terms of homogeneity, spreading ratio, shape fidelity and rheological properties. Morphology, degradation rate, swelling properties and antibacterial activity were also evaluated. The alginate-based bioink containing 20 mg/mL of marine collagen was selected for 3D bioprinting of skin-like constructs with human fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The bioprinted constructs showed a homogeneous distribution of viable and proliferating cells at days 1, 7 and 14 of culture evaluated by qualitative (live/dead) and qualitative (XTT) assays, and histological (H&E) and gene expression analysis. In conclusion, marine collagen can be successfully used to formulate a bioink for 3D bioprinting. In particular, the obtained bioink can be printed in 3D structures and is able to support fibroblasts and keratinocytes viability and proliferation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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21 pages, 10632 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Bio-Inspired Adhesive for Bone Fixation

by Matthias Schlund, Julien Dartus, Sarah Defrançois, Joël Ferri, Jérôme Delattre, Nicolas Blanchemain, Patrice Woisel, Joël Lyskawa and Feng Chai

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(4), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041233 - 13 Apr 2023

Viewed by 1537

Abstract

Compared to metallic hardware, an effective bone adhesive can revolutionize the treatment of clinically challenging situations such as comminuted, articular, and pediatric fractures. The present study aims to develop such a bio-inspired bone adhesive, based upon a modified mineral-organic adhesive with tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and phosphoserine (OPS) by incorporating nanoparticles of polydopamine (nPDA). The optimal formulation, which was screened using in vitro instrumental tensile adhesion tests, was found to be 50%_molTTCP/50%_molOPS-2%_wtnPDA with a liquid-to-powder ratio of 0.21 mL/g. This adhesive has a substantially stronger adhesive strength (1.0–1.6 MPa) to bovine cortical bone than the adhesive without nPDA (0.5–0.6 MPa). To simulate a clinical scenario of autograft fixation under low mechanical load, we presented the first in vivo model: a rat fibula glued to the tibia, on which the TTCP/OPS-nPDA adhesive (n = 7) was shown to be effective in stabilizing the graft without displacement (a clinical success rate of 86% and 71% at 5 and 12 weeks, respectively) compared to a sham control (0%). Significant coverage of newly formed bone was particularly observed on the surface of the adhesive, thanks to the osteoinductive property of nPDA. To conclude, the TTCP/OPS-nPDA adhesive fulfilled many clinical requirements for the bone fixation, and potentially could be functionalized via nPDA to offer more biological activities, e.g., anti-infection after antibiotic loading. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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15 pages, 2451 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thymoquinone: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Loaded Bacterial Cellulose for the Management of Wounds

by Sam Swingler, Abhishek Gupta, Hazel Gibson, Marek Kowalczuk, Grazyna Adamus, Wayne Heaselgrave and Iza Radecka

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(12), 2816; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122816 - 15 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1515

Abstract

The need for more advantageous and pharmaceutically active wound dressings is a pressing matter in the area of wound management. In this study, we explore the possibility of incorporating thymoquinone within bacterial cellulose, utilising cyclodextrins as a novel method of solubilising hydrophobic compounds. The thymoquinone was not soluble in water, so was incorporated within hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin before use. Thymoquinone: hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex produced was found to be soluble in water up to 7% (w/v) and was stable with no crystal formation for at least 7 days with the ability to be loaded within the bacterial cellulose matrix. The inclusion complex was found to be thermally stable up to 280 °C which is far greater than the production temperature of 80 °C and was stable in phosphate-buffered saline and extraction solvents in permeation and dose experiments. The adhesion properties of the Thymoquinone: hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin loaded bacterial cellulose dressings were tested and found to be 2.09 N. Permeation studies on skin mimicking membrane Strat-M showed a total permeated amount (0–24 h) of 538.8 µg cm⁻² and average flux after a 2 h lag of 22.4 µg h⁻¹ cm⁻². To the best of our knowledge, the methods outlined in this study are the first instance of loading bacterial cellulose with thymoquinone inclusion complex with the aim of producing a pharmaceutically active wound dressing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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20 pages, 4786 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Scaffolds Based on Silk Fibroin with Decellularized Rat Liver Microparticles: Investigation of the Structure, Biological Properties and Regenerative Potential for Skin Wound Healing

by Maria Bobrova, Liubov Safonova, Anton Efimov, Alexey Lyundup, Natalya Mozheiko, Olga Agapova and Igor Agapov

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(11), 2313; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112313 - 27 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1175

Abstract

The development of advanced biomaterials and constructs for accelerated recovery of damaged tissues is a key direction in regenerative medicine. Biocompatible scaffolds based on natural biopolymers are widely used for these tasks. Organ decellularization enables obtaining a cell-free extracellular matrix (ECM) with preserved composition and biological activity. The objectives of the present work were combining these two approaches for the development of a composite scaffold based on silk fibroin and ECM microparticles and assessing its structure, biological properties, and regenerative potential. ECM microparticles were obtained by grinding the decellularized matrix of Wistar rat liver in liquid nitrogen. Scaffolds in the form of films were prepared by the casting method. The sinuous and rough topography of the scaffold surface was assessed by the scanning probe nanotomography (SPNT) technique. The inclusion of ECM microparticles in the composition did not affect the elasticity and tensile strength of the scaffolds. The obtained scaffold was non-toxic to cells, maintained high levels of adhesion and proliferation of mouse 3T3 fibroblast and Hep-G2 cells, and showed high regenerative potential, which was studied in the experimental model of full-thickness rat skin wound healing. The wound healing was accelerated by 1.74 times in comparison with the control. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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18 pages, 4336 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chitosan-G-Glycidyl Methacrylate/Au Nanocomposites Promote Accelerated Skin Wound Healing

by Héctor A. López-Muñoz, Mauricio Lopez-Romero, Moises A. Franco-Molina, Alejandro Manzano-Ramirez, Cristina Velasquillo, Beatriz Liliana España-Sanchez, Ana Laura Martinez-Hernandez, Hayde Vergara-Castañeda, Astrid Giraldo-Betancur, Sarai Favela, Rogelio Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Juan Carlos Mixteco, Juan Carlos Tapia-Picazo, Diana G. Zarate-Triviño, Evgeny Prokhorov and Gabriel Luna-Barcenas

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(9), 1855; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091855 - 02 Sep 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3890

Abstract

Herein, we report the synthesis of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) in chitosan (CTS) solution by chemically reducing HAuCl₄. CTS was further functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (chitosan-g-glycidyl methacrylate/AuNP, CTS-g-GMA/AuNP) to improve the mechanical properties for cellular regeneration requirements of CTS-g-GMA/AuNP. Our nanocomposites promote excellent cellular viability and have a positive effect on cytokine regulation in the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response of skin cells. After 40 days of nanocomposite exposure to a skin wound, we showed that our films have a greater skin wound healing capacity than a commercial film (TheraForm^®), and the presence of the collagen allows better cosmetic ave aspects in skin regeneration in comparison with a nanocomposite with an absence of this protein. Electrical percolation phenomena in such nanocomposites were used as guiding tools for the best nanocomposite performance. Our results suggest that chitosan-based Au nanocomposites show great potential for skin wound repair. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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20 pages, 3416 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Molecular Biocompatibility of a Silver Nanoparticle Complex with Graphene Oxide to Human Skin in a 3D Epidermis In Vitro Model

by Marlena Zielińska-Górska, Ewa Sawosz, Malwina Sosnowska, Anna Hotowy, Marta Grodzik, Konrad Górski, Barbara Strojny-Cieślak, Mateusz Wierzbicki and André Chwalibog

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(7), 1398; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14071398 - 01 Jul 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2017

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) can migrate to tissues and cells of the body, as well as to agglomerate, which reduces the effectiveness of their use for the antimicrobial protection of the skin. Graphene oxide (GO), with a super-thin flake structure, can be a carrier of AgNP that stabilizes their movement without inhibiting their antibacterial properties. Considering that the human skin is often the first contact with antimicrobial agent, the aim of the study was to assess whether the application of the complex of AgNP and GO is biocompatible with the skin model in in vitro studies. The conducted tests were performed in accordance with the criteria set in OECD TG439. AgNP-GO complex did not influence the genotoxicity and metabolism of the tissue. Furthermore, the complex reduced the pro-inflammatory properties of AgNP by reducing expression of IP-10 (interferon gamma-induced protein 10), IL-3 (interleukin 3), and IL-4 (interleukin 4) as well as MIP1β (macrophage inflammatory protein 1β) expressed in the GO group. Moreover, it showed a positive effect on the micro- and ultra-structure of the skin model. In conclusion, the synergistic effect of AgNP and GO as a complex can activate the process of epidermis renewal, which makes it suitable for use as a material for skin contact. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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31 pages, 5854 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Active Potential of Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Dressing: Analysis of Its Potential for Dermal Lesion Treatment

by Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel, Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado, Giulia da Costa Sacramento, Carine Assunção de Oliveira Maciel, Gessualdo Seixas Oliveira-Junior, Breno Noronha Matos, Guilherme Martins Gelfuso, Silmar Baptista Nunes, Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa and Ana Leonor Pardo Campos Godoy

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(6), 1222; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061222 - 08 Jun 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2623

Abstract

The use of innate products for the fast and efficient promotion of healing process has been one of the biomedical sector’s main bets for lesion treatment modernization process. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize bacterial cellulose-based (BC) wound dressings incorporated with green and red propolis extract (2 to 4%) and the active compounds p-coumaric acid and biochanin A (8 to 16 mg). The characterization of the nine developed samples (one control and eight active wound dressings) evidenced that the mechanics, physics, morphological, and barrier properties depended not only on the type of active principle incorporated onto the cellulosic matrix, but also on its concentration. Of note were the results found for transparency (28.59–110.62T₆₀₀ mm⁻¹), thickness (0.023–0.046 mm), swelling index (48.93–405.55%), water vapor permeability rate (7.86–38.11 g m² day⁻¹), elongation (99.13–262.39%), and antioxidant capacity (21.23–86.76 μg mL⁻¹). The wound dressing based on BC and red propolis was the only one that presented antimicrobial activity. The permeation and retention test revealed that the wound dressing containing propolis extract presented the most corneal stratum when compared with viable skin. Overall, the developed wound dressing showed potential to be used for treatment against different types of dermal lesions, according to its determined proprieties. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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Review

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20 pages, 3537 KiB

Open AccessReview

Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Epithelial Tissues Reconstruction and Wound Healing

by Xiya Yin, Qingfeng Li, Patrick Michael McNutt and Yuanyuan Zhang

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(8), 1669; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14081669 - 11 Aug 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2696

Abstract

Epithelial tissue injury can occur on any surface site of the body, particularly in the skin or urethral mucosa tissue, due to trauma, infection, inflammation, and toxic compounds. Both internal and external body epithelial tissue injuries can significantly affect patients’ quality of life, increase healthcare spending, and increase the global economic burden. Transplantation of epithelial tissue grafts is an effective treatment strategy in clinical settings. Autologous bio-engineered epithelia are common clinical skin substitutes that have the specific advantages of avoiding tissue rejection, obviating ethical concerns, reducing the risk of infection, and decreasing scarring compared to donor grafts. However, epithelial cells are often obtained from the individual’s skin and mucosa through invasive methods, which cause further injury or damage. Urine-derived stem cells (USC) of kidney origin, obtained via non-invasive acquisition, possess high stemness properties, self-renewal ability, trophic effects, multipotent differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory ability. These cells show versatile potential for tissue regeneration, with extensive evidence supporting their use in the repair of epidermal and urothelial injuries. We discuss the collection, isolation, culture, characterization, and differentiation of USC. We also discuss the use of USC for cellular therapies as well as the administration of USC-derived paracrine factors for epidermal and urothelial tissue repair. Specifically, we will discuss 3D constructions involving multiple types of USC-loaded hydrogels and USC-seeded scaffolds for use in cosmetic production testing, drug development, and disease modeling. In conclusion, urine-derived stem cells are a readily accessible autologous stem cell source well-suited for developing personalized medical treatments in epithelial tissue regeneration and drug testing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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36 pages, 9740 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Honey: An Advanced Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Applications

by Joel Yupanqui Mieles, Cian Vyas, Enes Aslan, Gavin Humphreys, Carl Diver and Paulo Bartolo

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(8), 1663; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14081663 - 10 Aug 2022

Cited by 27 | Viewed by 7742

Abstract

Honey was used in traditional medicine to treat wounds until the advent of modern medicine. The rising global antibiotic resistance has forced the development of novel therapies as alternatives to combat infections. Consequently, honey is experiencing a resurgence in evaluation for antimicrobial and wound healing applications. A range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains and biofilms, are inhibited by honey. Furthermore, susceptibility to antibiotics can be restored when used synergistically with honey. Honey’s antimicrobial activity also includes antifungal and antiviral properties, and in most varieties of honey, its activity is attributed to the enzymatic generation of hydrogen peroxide, a reactive oxygen species. Non-peroxide factors include low water activity, acidity, phenolic content, defensin-1, and methylglyoxal (Leptospermum honeys). Honey has also been widely explored as a tissue-regenerative agent. It can contribute to all stages of wound healing, and thus has been used in direct application and in dressings. The difficulty of the sustained delivery of honey’s active ingredients to the wound site has driven the development of tissue engineering approaches (e.g., electrospinning and hydrogels). This review presents the most in-depth and up-to-date comprehensive overview of honey’s antimicrobial and wound healing properties, commercial and medical uses, and its growing experimental use in tissue-engineered scaffolds. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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22 pages, 5470 KiB

Open AccessReview

Multifunctional and Smart Wound Dressings—A Review on Recent Research Advancements in Skin Regenerative Medicine

by Nithya Rani Raju, Ekaterina Silina, Victor Stupin, Natalia Manturova, Saravana Babu Chidambaram and Raghu Ram Achar

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(8), 1574; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14081574 - 28 Jul 2022

Cited by 34 | Viewed by 8108

Abstract

The healing of wounds is a dynamic function that necessitates coordination among multiple cell types and an optimal extracellular milieu. Much of the research focused on finding new techniques to improve and manage dermal injuries, chronic injuries, burn injuries, and sepsis, which are frequent medical concerns. A new research strategy involves developing multifunctional dressings to aid innate healing and combat numerous issues that trouble incompletely healed injuries, such as extreme inflammation, ischemic damage, scarring, and wound infection. Natural origin-based compounds offer distinct characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. Researchers have developed biopolymer-based wound dressings with drugs, biomacromolecules, and cells that are cytocompatible, hemostatic, initiate skin rejuvenation and rapid healing, and possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The main goal would be to mimic characteristics of fetal tissue regeneration in the adult healing phase, including complete hair and glandular restoration without delay or scarring. Emerging treatments based on biomaterials, nanoparticles, and biomimetic proteases have the keys to improving wound care and will be a vital addition to the therapeutic toolkit for slow-healing wounds. This study focuses on recent discoveries of several dressings that have undergone extensive pre-clinical development or are now undergoing fundamental research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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14 pages, 1148 KiB

Open AccessReview

Modern Dressings in Prevention and Therapy of Acute and Chronic Radiation Dermatitis—A Literature Review

by Konrad Zasadziński, Mateusz Jacek Spałek and Piotr Rutkowski

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(6), 1204; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061204 - 06 Jun 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4785

Abstract

Radiotherapy is an integral part of modern oncology, applied to more than half of all patients diagnosed with cancer. It can be used alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. However, despite the high precision of radiation delivery, irradiation may affect surrounding healthy tissues leading to the development of toxicity. The most common and clinically significant toxicity of radiotherapy is acute and chronic radiation dermatitis, which could result in desquamation, wounds, nonhealing ulcers, and radionecrosis. Moreover, preoperative radiotherapy impairs wound healing after surgery and may lead to severe wound complications. In this review, we comprehensively discuss available types of dressings used in the management of acute and chronic radiation dermatitis and address their efficacy. The most effective ways of preventing acute radiation dermatitis are film dressings, whereas foam dressings were found effective in its treatment. Data regarding dressings in chronic radiation dermatitis are scarce. This manuscript also contains authors’ consensus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations Volume II)

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