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Pharmaceuticals
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The Role of Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Rheumatoid...
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The Role of Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 10715

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luís Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
2. CICS/UBI, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: bioactive compounds; phytochemicals; natural products as health promoters; chronic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial disease that involves both genetic predisposition and environmental components. In 2019, there were 18 million RA patients worldwide. Aproximately 70% of RA patients are women, and 55% are older than 55 years. Thirteen million people with rheumatoid arthritis experience severity levels (moderate or severe) that could benefit from rehabilitation. RA is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, damage to the cartilage, and erosion of the bone. Bioactive compounds are dietary ingredients that provide beneficial health effects to functional foods and nutraceuticals. These compounds exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as additional preventative properties. Bioactive compounds found in natural food products can control arthritic inflammation through multiple pathways, for example the inhibition of effector molecules (e.g., cytokines and chemokines), induction of anti-inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-4, IL-10), regulation of the Th17/Treg balance, and modulation of osteo-immune cross-talk.

Dr. Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Da Silva
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioactive compounds
  • functional foods
  • nutraceuticals
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • anti-inflamatory activity
  • anti-inflammatory mediators

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 10232 KiB  
Article
Mechanistic Exploration of Smilax glabra Roxb. in Osteoarthritis: Insights from Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Validation
by Sidra Ilyas, Chae Yun Baek, Abdul Manan, Yeojin Choi, Hee-Geun Jo and Donghun Lee
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(10), 1285; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17101285 - 27 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2048
Abstract
Background: Arthritis, a debilitating joint disease, remains a significant global health burden. This study uncovers the therapeutic potential of the medicinal plant Smilax glabra Roxb. (SGR) in attenuating progression of disease by modulating immune responses. Methods: Through computational approaches, key bioactive [...] Read more.
Background: Arthritis, a debilitating joint disease, remains a significant global health burden. This study uncovers the therapeutic potential of the medicinal plant Smilax glabra Roxb. (SGR) in attenuating progression of disease by modulating immune responses. Methods: Through computational approaches, key bioactive compounds in SGR were identified by using freely available databases: TCMSP, TCMID, HIT2.0, HERB, and INPUT in order to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action. Therapeutic targets for the disease have been retrieved by TTD, GeneCard, and OMIM databases. The STRING database was used to analyze the protein–protein interactions (PPI) of intersecting genes. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to reveal the functional roles of genes. Mcule was used for molecular docking and binding affinity of compounds and targets were evaluated by DeepPurpose model. ALP activity, cell viability assay, TRAP staining were also performed. Results: A total of 14 active SGR compounds with 59 common targets for arthritis have been identified. These targets have a major role in controlling biological processes such as wound healing, oxygen responses, and chemical stimuli. Molecular docking by Mcule platform demonstrated that quercetin and β-sitosterol showed higher binding energy affinities with TNF, TP53, PTGS2, and JUN as compared to other targets. To explore the complex relationship between compounds and targets, pre-trained Davis and KIBA models were used to predict the affinity values of selected compounds. In MC3T3-E1 cells, ALP activity was significantly increased and bone marrow macrophages (BMM) showed a low number of TRAP-positive cells in SGR-treated cells. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that SGR effectively inhibits/regulates inflammatory responses, prevents cartilage degradation, promotes bone regeneration, and can be used as a promising candidate for the development of novel arthritis treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis)
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13 pages, 2588 KiB  
Article
Medical Ozone: A Redox Regulator with Selectivity for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
by Olga Sonia León Fernández, Gabriel Takon Oru, Renate Viebahn-Haensler, Gilberto López Cabreja, Irainis Serrano Espinosa and María Elena Corrales Vázquez
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(3), 391; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17030391 - 19 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3563
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the most common arthritic diseases. Medical ozone has demonstrated its effectiveness in combination therapy with methotrexate or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for RA and OA, respectively. Although RA and OA have been compared from different points of [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the most common arthritic diseases. Medical ozone has demonstrated its effectiveness in combination therapy with methotrexate or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for RA and OA, respectively. Although RA and OA have been compared from different points of view, few studies have considered their redox status in spite of the oxidative processes that are involved in both diseases. The aim of this study was to compare RA with OA, evaluating their redox status and the effects of ozone on their clinical response to combined therapy with ozone. The redox status of 80 patients was determined: antioxidant defenses, injury markers, two subjective variables (pain and disability), and levels of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides were evaluated. Oxidative stress and clinical response to combined therapy with ozone was higher than in the case of RA. After medical ozone treatment, there was an increase in antioxidant defense and a decrease in injury markers as well as pain, disability, and autoantibody concentrations. Redox biomarkers were able to differentiate between both arthritic diseases and combined therapy with ozone (methotrexate + ozone), showing a therapeutic selectivity for RA in comparison with OA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis)
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Review

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54 pages, 2609 KiB  
Review
Potential Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Reports
by Ana C. Gonçalves, Sofia Rodrigues, Rafael Fonseca and Luís R. Silva
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(5), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17050590 - 6 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3551
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex illness with both hereditary and environmental components. Globally, in 2019, 18 million people had RA. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, cartilage loss, and bone erosion. Phenolic molecules are [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex illness with both hereditary and environmental components. Globally, in 2019, 18 million people had RA. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, cartilage loss, and bone erosion. Phenolic molecules are the most prevalent secondary metabolites in plants, with a diverse spectrum of biological actions that benefit functional meals and nutraceuticals. These compounds have received a lot of attention recently because they have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-rheumatoid activity by modulating tumor necrosis factor, mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases, as well as other preventative properties. This article discusses dietary polyphenols, their pharmacological properties, and innovative delivery technologies for the treatment of RA, with a focus on their possible biological activities. Nonetheless, commercialization of polyphenols may be achievable only after confirming their safety profile and completing successful clinical trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis)
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