Nanocarriers in Cancer Therapy: From Drug Delivery to Radiotherapy

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2026 | Viewed by 927

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
Interests: cancer nanomedicine; radiotherapy; drug delivery systems; vaccine development; health & science innovation strategy

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Guest Editor
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 15341 Agia Paraskevi, Greece
Interests: functional liposomes; functional dendritic polymers; nano-sized drug delivery systems; drug targeting; triggered drug release
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer remains one of the leading global causes of mortality. Cancer therapy continues to face major limitations due to off-target toxicity, suboptimal drug accumulation within tumors, and the intrinsic resistance of many cancers to conventional regimens. Nanocarriers offer a transformative opportunity to improve cancer outcomes by optimizing pharmacokinetics, enhancing intratumoral penetration, modulating the tumor microenvironment, and enabling controlled or stimuli-responsive release of therapeutic payloads. Beyond systemic drug delivery, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanomaterials, and hybrid platforms are increasingly being engineered to synergize with radiotherapy, opening new avenues to sensitize tumors and improve therapeutic ratios. Emerging research is also redefining how nanotechnology interface with immuno-oncology and cancer vaccine development, thereby enabling multi-modality therapeutic integration. This Special Issue invites original research and reviews focused on translational advances in nanocarrier-enabled cancer therapy, including preclinical and clinical validation, combination strategies with radiotherapy, and pathways toward regulatory or clinical implementation. Manuscripts highlighting challenges, safety considerations, and innovation strategies for clinical adoption are highly encouraged.

Scope: This Special Issue focuses on clinically relevant advances in nanocarrier‐enabled cancer therapy, with a strong emphasis on translational impact and therapeutic performance in biologically realistic models. We welcome studies that evaluate nanocarriers in drug delivery, radiosensitization, cancer vaccine development, and tumor microenvironment modulation, particularly those demonstrating in vivo efficacy, mechanistic validation, or pathways toward regulatory and clinical adoption.

Dr. Abdulaziz Alhussan
Dr. Dimitris Tsiourvas
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cancer nanomedicine
  • lipid nanoparticles
  • drug delivery
  • radiotherapy enhancement
  • nanocarriers
  • tumor microenvironment
  • nano-immunotherapy
  • cancer vaccines
  • stimuli-responsive systems

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 2435 KB  
Article
Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Carbon Dots Impart Thermosensitivity to Doxorubicin Loaded Phospholipid Liposomes
by Barbara Mavroidi, Kyriaki Marina Lyra, Zili Sideratou and Dimitris Tsiourvas
Pharmaceuticals 2026, 19(5), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph19050668 - 25 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hyperthermia coupled with temperature-triggered drug delivery systems, including drug-loaded thermosensitive liposomes, that exhibit increased membrane permeability at hyperthermia-relevant temperatures is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Our previous study revealed that nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CD) partially interact with the phospholipids [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Hyperthermia coupled with temperature-triggered drug delivery systems, including drug-loaded thermosensitive liposomes, that exhibit increased membrane permeability at hyperthermia-relevant temperatures is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Our previous study revealed that nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CD) partially interact with the phospholipids of liposomes, increasing the membrane permeability of an encapsulated anticancer drug. In vitro cell experiments indicated that their presence in the culture medium, albeit at relatively high concentrations, also affect cell membrane permeability, enhancing drug internalization in cancer cells. This study aims to introduce either hydrophilic or lipophilic carbon dots into liposomes and evaluate them as thermosensitive drug delivery systems. Methods: Alkylated carbon dots (CD-C16) were synthesized and liposomal systems with either the lipophilic CD-C16 or the parent hydrophilic CD were prepared and efficiently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). Following physicochemical characterization, their thermosensitivity was studied vs. time and temperature, while their effect on cell survival at 37 and 40 °C was evaluated against HEK293 and PC3 cells. Results: At 40 °C, for CD containing liposomes 50% DOX release is observed, whereas for CD-C16 containing liposomes 95% DOX is released within 5 min. Against PC3 cells at 40 °C, both DOX-loaded CD containing liposomes and CD-C16 containing liposomes are more potent compared to the parent drug-loaded liposomes, whereas CD-C16 containing liposomes are equally potent to free DOX. Against HEK293 cells the thermosensitive formulations at 40 °C prove even more cytotoxic, with CD-C16 containing liposomes being more potent than free DOX, but CD containing liposomes are advantageous for being less toxic than free DOX at 37 °C. Conclusions: Although work is needed to elucidate the mechanism at the molecular level, the results suggest that it is possible to adjust liposomal membrane permeability through the incorporation of carbon dots in order to optimize performance for hyperthermia-based applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocarriers in Cancer Therapy: From Drug Delivery to Radiotherapy)
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