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Nutrients
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Pancreatic Disease and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Nutrition, Diet...
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Pancreatic Disease and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Nutrition, Diet in Prevention and Treatment

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 November 2021) | Viewed by 14391

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Asta Bye

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
Regional Advisory Unit for Palliative Care, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Interests: Nutrition and nutritional problems in cancer; Malnutrition and nutritional assessment; Nutritional interventions in disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The pancreas plays a major role in nutrient digestion. Diseases in the pancreas such as acute and chronic pancreatitis and Pancreatic cancer, may therefor lead to pancreatic insufficiency, impairing digestive and absorptive processes. These changes can lead to malnutrition over time as well as declining physical performance, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with high symptom burden and risk of developing cancer cachexia. Additionally, does nutrition play an important role as a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer.

Thus, important to all patients with pancreatic diseases will be to fill in knowledge gaps on how to prevent, detect and monitor malnutrition and to improve physical function and QoL.

In this Special Issue, Pancreatic Disease and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Nutrition, Diet in Prevention and Treatment, we invite articles that expand our knowledge of the role of nutrition in prevention and treatment of malnutrition and cachexia in pancreatic diseases. Articles that shed light on dietary intake during the disease trajectory and associations to optimal symptom management and nutritional status are particularly welcome.

Dr. Asta Bye
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Pancreatic cancer 
  • Malnutrition 
  • Cancer cachexia 
  • Dietary intake 
  • Nutritional impact symptoms 
  • Nutrition interventions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 2002 KiB  
Review
Ketogenic Diets in Pancreatic Cancer and Associated Cachexia: Cellular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives
by Natalia E. Cortez and Gerardo G. Mackenzie
Nutrients 2021, 13(9), 3202; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093202 - 15 Sep 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 8691
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and extremely therapy-resistant cancer. It is estimated that up to 80% of PDAC patients present with cachexia, a multifactorial disorder characterized by the involuntary and ongoing wasting of skeletal muscle that affects therapeutic response and survival. [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and extremely therapy-resistant cancer. It is estimated that up to 80% of PDAC patients present with cachexia, a multifactorial disorder characterized by the involuntary and ongoing wasting of skeletal muscle that affects therapeutic response and survival. During the last decade, there has been an increased interest in exploring dietary interventions to complement the treatment of PDAC and associated cachexia. Ketogenic diets (KDs) have gained attention for their anti-tumor potential. Characterized by a very low carbohydrate, moderate protein, and high fat composition, this diet mimics the metabolic changes that occur in fasting. Numerous studies report that a KD reduces tumor growth and can act as an adjuvant therapy in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, research on the effect and mechanisms of action of KDs on PDAC-associated cachexia is limited. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence of the impact of KDs in PDAC treatment and cachexia mitigation. Furthermore, we discuss key cellular mechanisms that explain KDs’ potential anti-tumor and anti-cachexia effects, focusing primarily on reprogramming of cell metabolism, epigenome, and the gut microbiome. Finally, we provide a perspective on future research needed to advance KDs into clinical use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pancreatic Disease and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Nutrition, Diet in Prevention and Treatment)
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11 pages, 2603 KiB  
Systematic Review
Optimal Perioperative Nutrition Therapy for Patients Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Systematic Review with a Component Network Meta-Analysis
by Shang-Yu Wang, Yu-Liang Hung, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Chia-Hsiang Hu, Ruo-Yi Huang, Chang-Mu Sung, Yan-Rong Li, Hao-Wei Kou, Ming-Yang Chen, Shih-Chun Chang, Chao-Wei Lee, Chun-Yi Tsai, Keng-Hao Liu, Jun-Te Hsu, Chun-Nan Yeh, Ta-Sen Yeh, Tsann-Long Hwang, Yi-Yin Jan and Miin-Fu Chen
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 4049; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114049 - 12 Nov 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4515
Abstract
Numerous strategies for perioperative nutrition therapy for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) have been proposed. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current relevant published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating different nutritional interventions via a traditional network meta-analysis (NMA) and component network meta-analysis (cNMA). [...] Read more.
Numerous strategies for perioperative nutrition therapy for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) have been proposed. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current relevant published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating different nutritional interventions via a traditional network meta-analysis (NMA) and component network meta-analysis (cNMA). EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to identify the RCTs. The evaluated nutritional interventions comprised standard postoperative enteral nutrition by feeding tube (Postop-SEN), preoperative enteral feeding (Preop-EN), postoperative immunonutrients (Postop-IM), preoperative oral immunonutrient supplement (Preop-IM), and postoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The primary outcomes were general, infectious, and noninfectious complications; postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF); and delayed gastric emptying (DGE). The secondary outcomes were mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS). The NMA and cNMA were conducted with a frequentist approach. The results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Two primary outcomes, infectious complications and POPF, were positively influenced by nutritional interventions. Preop-EN plus Postop-SEN (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.02~0.72), Preop-IM (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.08~0.62), and Preop-IM plus Postop-IM (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.03~0.37) were all demonstrated to be associated with a decrease in infectious complications. Postop-TPN (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.19~0.71) and Preop-IM plus Postop-IM (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06~0.77) were clinically beneficial for the prevention of POPF. While enteral feeding and TPN may decrease infectious complications and POPF, respectively, Preop-IM plus Postop-IM may provide the best clinical benefit for patients undergoing PD, as this approach decreases the incidence of both the aforementioned adverse effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pancreatic Disease and Pancreatic Cancer: The Role of Nutrition, Diet in Prevention and Treatment)
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