Submit to Nutrients Review for Nutrients Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers

Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2022) | Viewed by 22968

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Nicolas H. Hart

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
2. School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
3. Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
Interests: cancer survivorship; advanced cancers; bone metastases; body composition; tumour biology exercise oncology

Dr. Neil M. Iyengar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
2. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
Interests: breast cancer; metabolic health; cancer risk; lifestyle; exercise oncology

Dr. Emily Jeffery

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
Interests: cancer; clinical nutrition; body composition; malnutrition; sarcopaenia

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

People with advanced stage or metastatic cancers are living longer due to the evolution of mainstay cancer treatments (i.e. surgery, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and chemotherapy) together with the advent of molecular therapy and immunotherapy as newer and emerging treatment. However, advanced or metastatic cancer survivors have unique clinical health needs in response to a high disease burden and multiple lines of mono- and combination therapy over the disease trajectory. This is physically damaging and psychosocially distressing to cancer survivors, producing a plethora of cancer- and treatment-related side-effects, negatively impacting health-related quality of life. Newer therapies have also been discovered to induce metabolic disturbances that paradoxically limit therapeutic efficacy.

Research on survivorship or supportive care issues confronting people living with advanced stage or metastatic cancers is extremely limited with most attention prioritised for local and locally advanced disease in the post-treatment phase. Nutrition, Diet, Physical Activity and Exercise provide general and prescriptive avenues to target a range of deleterious effects of cancer, its treatment and progression. This special issue welcomes the following submission types for oncology and haematological malignancies:

(1) narrative, scoping, or systematic reviews;

(2) original research articles including clinical and randomised controlled trials;

(3) health services research including implementation science interventions canvassing topics within the nutrition, dietetics, physical activity and exercise disciplines with a focus on advanced-stage or metastatic cancers.

Dr. Nicolas H. Hart
Dr. Neil M. Iyengar
Dr. Emily Jeffery
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

metastases
advanced
survivorship
supportive care
palliative care
oncology
haematology
sarcopenia
osteoporosis
cachexia

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers

Review

13 pages, 845 KiB

Open AccessReview

Insulin-Lowering Diets in Metastatic Cancer

by Sherry Shen and Neil M. Iyengar

Nutrients 2022, 14(17), 3542; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173542 - 27 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4093

Abstract

Hyperinsulinemia is an independent risk factor for cancer mortality. Insulin-lowering dietary strategies such as calorie restriction (CR), low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diets (KD), and intermittent fasting (IF) are aimed at reducing systemic stores of nutrients utilized by cancer cells, attenuating insulin-related growth signaling, and improving obesity-related metabolic parameters. In this narrative review, we searched the published literature for studies that tested various insulin-lowering diets in metastatic cancer in preclinical and clinical settings. A total of 23 studies were identified. Of these, 14 were preclinical studies of dietary strategies that demonstrated improvements in insulin levels, inhibition of metastasis, and/or reduction in metastatic disease burden in animal models. The remaining nine clinical studies tested carbohydrate restriction, KD, or IF strategies which appear to be safe and feasible in patients with metastatic cancer. These approaches have also been shown to improve serum insulin and other metabolic parameters. Though promising, the anti-cancer efficacy of these interventions, such as impact on tumor response, disease-specific-, and overall survival, have not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Studies that are adequately powered to evaluate whether insulin-lowering diets improve cancer outcomes are warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 1079 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nutritional Factors during and after Cancer: Impacts on Survival and Quality of Life

by Sébastien Salas, Vanessa Cottet, Laure Dossus, Philippine Fassier, Julie Ginhac, Paule Latino-Martel, Isabelle Romieu, Stéphane Schneider, Bernard Srour, Marina Touillaud, Mathilde Touvier and Raphaëlle Ancellin

Nutrients 2022, 14(14), 2958; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142958 - 19 Jul 2022

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5910

Abstract

The French National Cancer Institute conducted a collective expertise study with researchers and clinical experts from the French Network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe Network). The objective was to update the state of knowledge on the impacts of nutritional factors on clinical endpoints during or after cancer. Data from 150 meta-analyses, pooled analyses or intervention trials and 93 cohort studies were examined; they concerned 8 nutritional factors, 6 clinical events and 20 cancer locations. This report shows that some nutritional factors have impacts on mortality and on the risks of recurrence or second primary cancer in cancer patients. Therefore, high-risk nutritional conditions can be encountered for certain cancer sites: from the diagnosis and throughout the health care pathways, weight loss (lung and esophageal cancers), malnutrition (lung, esophageal, colorectal, pancreatic, gastric and liver cancers), weight gain (colorectal, breast and kidney cancers) and alcohol consumption (upper aerodigestive cancers) should be monitored; and after cancer treatments, excess weight should be detected (colorectal, breast and kidney cancers). These situations require nutritional assessments, and even support or management by health care professionals, in the context of tertiary prevention. This report also highlights some limitations regarding the existing literature and some needs for future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

29 pages, 2716 KiB

Open AccessReview

Dietary Supplements in People with Metastatic Cancer Who Are Experiencing Malnutrition, Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Frailty: A Scoping Review

by Jolyn Johal, Chad Yixian Han, Ria Joseph, Zachary Munn, Oluwaseyifunmi Andi Agbejule, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Matthew P. Wallen, Raymond J. Chan and Nicolas H. Hart

Nutrients 2022, 14(13), 2642; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132642 - 26 Jun 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4291

Abstract

Cancer-associated malnutrition, or cachexia, stemming from cancer or its treatments, is particularly prevalent in metastatic cancers, and is often interrelated with sarcopenia and frailty. Evidence suggests that dietary supplements play a role in managing these conditions. As metastatic cancer cells are associated with notable genomic and phenotypic alterations, response to dietary supplements may differ between metastatic and non-metastatic cancers. However, research in this area is lacking. This scoping review aims to identify the dietary supplements that have been studied in patients with metastatic cancers and malnutrition-related conditions, along with their proposed effects, mechanisms, outcome measures, and tools used. A systematic search was conducted across databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and clinical trial registries. Of the initial 6535 records screened, a total of 48 studies were included, covering a range of dietary supplements—vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, fiber, and others. While the types of dietary supplements included varied across cancer types, omega-3 and carnitine were investigated most often. Proposed relevant attributes of dietary supplements included their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory properties. Overall, there was a paucity of interventional studies, and more randomized controlled trials are warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 8044 KiB

Open AccessReview

Non-Pharmacological Self-Management Strategies for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in People with Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Megan Crichton, Patsy M. Yates, Oluwaseyifunmi Andi Agbejule, Amy Spooner, Raymond J. Chan and Nicolas H. Hart

Nutrients 2022, 14(12), 2403; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122403 - 9 Jun 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3655

Abstract

Non-pharmacological self-management interventions for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotherapy (CIPN) are of clinical interest; however, no systematic review has synthesized the evidence for their use in people with advanced cancer. Five databases were searched from inception to February 2022 for randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of non-pharmacological self-management interventions in people with advanced cancer on the incidence and severity of CIPN symptoms and related outcomes compared to any control condition. Data were pooled with meta-analysis. Quality of evidence was appraised using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (RoB2), with data synthesized narratively. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) was applied to assess the certainty of the evidence. Thirteen studies were included, which had a high (69%) or unclear (31%) risk of bias. Greatest confidence was found for physical exercise decreasing CIPN severity (SMD: −0.89, 95% CI: −1.37 to −0.41; p = 0.0003; I² = 0%; n = 2 studies, n = 76 participants; GRADE level: moderate) and increasing physical function (SMD: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.02 to 1.00; p = 0.04; I² = 42%; n = 3 studies, n = 120; GRADE level: moderate). One study per intervention provided preliminary evidence for the positive effects of glutamine supplementation, an Omega-3 PUFA-enriched drink, and education for symptom self-management via a mobile phone game on CIPN symptoms and related outcomes (GRADE: very low). No serious adverse events were reported. The strongest evidence with the most certainty was found for physical exercise as a safe and viable adjuvant to chemotherapy treatment for the prevention and management of CIPN and related physical function in people with advanced cancer. However, the confidence in the evidence to inform conclusions was mostly very low to moderate. Future well-powered and appropriately designed interventions for clinical trials using validated outcome measures and clearly defined populations and strategies are warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 1646 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

The Effect of Exercise and Nutritional Interventions on Body Composition in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Cancer: A Systematic Review

by Oscar Barnes, Rebekah L. Wilson, Paola Gonzalo-Encabo, Dong-Woo Kang, Cami N. Christopher, Thomas Bentley and Christina M. Dieli-Conwright

Nutrients 2022, 14(10), 2110; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102110 - 18 May 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3941

Abstract

Advanced and metastatic cancers significantly alter body composition, leading to decreased lean mass and variable effects on fat mass. These effects on body composition are associated with significant physical dysfunction and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Whilst exercise and nutritional interventions are likely to be of benefit in counteracting these effects, relatively little is known about using such interventions in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. Therefore, in this systematic review we examine the effect of exercise and combined exercise and nutritional interventions on lean mass and fat mass among patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic cancer. Following PRISMA guidelines, we identified 20 articles from PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, and REHABDATA. Overall, advanced or metastatic cancer populations comprising of mixed cancer types were most commonly examined (n = 8) with exercise or combined exercise and nutritional interventions being well-tolerated with few adverse effects. Both intervention approaches may preserve lean mass, while only combined interventions may lead to alterations in fat mass. However, further exercise and nutritional studies are needed to definitively understand their effects on body composition. As exercise and nutrition-related research continues in this understudied population, the knowledge gained will help guide supportive clinical treatments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Role of Diet and Exercise for Advanced and Metastatic Cancers

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (5 papers)

Review

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI