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Nutrition and Aging Addressing Specific Issues for Optimal Prevention, Screening, and Care in Older Adults

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 December 2026 | Viewed by 3325

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Moustapha Dramé

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospital of Martinique, 97261 Fort-de-France, French Antilles, France
Interests: clinical epidemiology; geriatrics; gerontology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As populations age globally, optimizing health and well-being in older adults has become a critical priority. This Special Issue explores the pivotal role of nutrition in aging, focusing on how tailored dietary strategies can prevent, screen, and manage age-related conditions. It offers a comprehensive overview of the key issues related to aging and nutrition, including the impact of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. We will highlight innovative approaches to nutritional interventions, particularly those aimed at improving immune function, cognitive health, and mobility in older adults. Additionally, the issue will delve into the challenges of assessing nutritional status in this demographic and the need for personalized care plans. The collection of articles also emphasizes the importance of integrating nutrition into public health policies and clinical guidelines for older adults.

By addressing these critical factors, this special issue aims to foster a multidisciplinary dialogue that will inform best practices in the prevention, screening, and care for the aging population, with the ultimate goal of promoting healthier, more active aging.

Prof. Dr. Moustapha Dramé
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • older adults
  • preventive nutrition
  • nutritional screening
  • geriatric care
  • optimal nutrition for seniors
  • chronic disease prevention
  • nutritional assessment
  • dietary interventions
  • geriatric nutrition
  • nursing home

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 607 KB  
Article
Early Clinical Swallow Evaluation Is Associated with Lower Malnutrition Prevalence at Discharge in Neurogeriatric Rehabilitation Patients: A Prospective Study
by Enav Horowitz-Bor, Yulia Bugaevsky and Mona Boaz
Nutrients 2026, 18(8), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18081288 - 19 Apr 2026
Viewed by 742
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is a known outcome of dysphagia. Objectives: To estimate the association between the timing of the Clinical Swallow Evaluation (CSE) at admission and nutrition status at hospital discharge. Methods: In this single-center prospective study, the electronic medical records of patients discharged [...] Read more.
Background: Malnutrition is a known outcome of dysphagia. Objectives: To estimate the association between the timing of the Clinical Swallow Evaluation (CSE) at admission and nutrition status at hospital discharge. Methods: In this single-center prospective study, the electronic medical records of patients discharged from the neurogeriatric rehabilitation department at the participating hospital, who had undergone CSE by a speech pathologist per hospital bed-side evaluation protocol, were reviewed. The participants were divided into two groups: those who underwent CSE within 48 h of hospitalization per Israel Ministry of Health guidelines (early CSE, N = 31); and those who underwent CSE later than 48 h from admission (late CSE, N = 47). Nutrition status was evaluated by a registered dietitian using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Tool Short Form (MNA-SF). Nutrition status at discharge was categorized and compared between the groups. Results: Seventy-eight patients were included (mean age 80.7 ± 8.1 years); 85.9% were malnourished at admission, with no difference between groups. At discharge, malnutrition was less prevalent in the early vs. late CSE group (61.3% vs. 78.7%; p = 0.012). In multivariable logistic regression, late CSE increased odds of malnutrition at discharge by more than six-fold. Each additional year of age increased the odds of malnutrition by 13%; each additional point in baseline MNA SF score reduced the odds by 48%; and greater cognitive decline increased the odds of discharge malnutrition risk by more than 2.6-fold. Sex and the number of dietitian consultations were not associated with malnutrition at discharge. Conclusions: Early CSE in elderly patients hospitalized for neurogeriatric rehabilitation is associated with less malnutrition at discharge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Aging Addressing Specific Issues for Optimal Prevention, Screening, and Care in Older Adults)
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12 pages, 2152 KB  
Article
Age-Related Decline in Intestinal Villus Length: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Human Gut
by Francisco Vara-Luiz, Carolina Palma, Ivo Mendes, Francisco Piçarra, Ana Elisa Teles, Filipe Nogueira, Inês Costa-Santos, Gonçalo Nunes, Marta Patita, Irina Mocanu, Sara Pires, Tânia Meira, Ana Vieira, Pedro Pinto-Marques, Paulo Mascarenhas, Iryna Leskiv, Daniel Gomes-Pinto and Jorge Fonseca
Nutrients 2026, 18(8), 1172; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18081172 - 8 Apr 2026
Viewed by 679
Abstract
Background/Objectives: There is widespread agreement that age is a significant predictor of impaired response to nutritional support. This is generally attributed to anabolic resistance, with impaired absorption considered irrelevant/non-existent. However, animal models demonstrate age-related structural changes in the intestinal mucosa that may [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: There is widespread agreement that age is a significant predictor of impaired response to nutritional support. This is generally attributed to anabolic resistance, with impaired absorption considered irrelevant/non-existent. However, animal models demonstrate age-related structural changes in the intestinal mucosa that may reduce absorptive capacity. We aimed to evaluate potential histological changes in the duodenal mucosa associated with aging. Methods: We conducted a single-center observational cross-sectional study. Ambulatory younger (18–45 years) and older (≥70 years) adults referred for upper endoscopy were included and underwent duodenal biopsies. Those biopsies were analyzed and compared for histological/histomorphometric changes, including villus length. Clinical and laboratory data were also recorded. Results: One hundred patients were included (46 men/54 women), 50 aged 18–45 years and 50 aged ≥70 years. There were no duodenal endoscopic changes. The median villus length was 0.35 mm (IQR 0.32–0.41 mm) in older people, lower than in younger adults (0.57 mm; IQR 0.47–0.68 mm) (p < 0.001). In a multivariable regression model including age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index, age remained inversely associated with villus length (p < 0.001). Older participants also exhibited lower hemoglobin, iron, folate, vitamin B12, albumin and vitamin D levels, despite normal inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Aging is associated with histological changes in the intestinal mucosa, including villus shortening. These findings support the concept of mucosal aging as a distinct biological process. Villus shortening may reflect reduced absorptive surface area and could contribute to age-related nutritional vulnerability, although its functional implications remain to be determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Aging Addressing Specific Issues for Optimal Prevention, Screening, and Care in Older Adults)
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Review

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17 pages, 441 KB  
Review
Nutritional Adequacy and Dietary Assessment Approaches in Institutionalised Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Settings: A Systematic Review (2004–2024)
by Nicolás Piedrafita-Páez, Mª Angeles Romero-Rodríguez, Mª Lourdes Vázquez-Odériz and NUTRIAGE Study Researchers
Nutrients 2026, 18(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18010054 - 23 Dec 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1480
Abstract
Background: Adequate nutrition in long-term care (LTC) settings is critical for the health and well-being of institutionalised older adults, yet global evidence consistently reveals significant gaps in dietary provision. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of observational studies published between January 2004 and [...] Read more.
Background: Adequate nutrition in long-term care (LTC) settings is critical for the health and well-being of institutionalised older adults, yet global evidence consistently reveals significant gaps in dietary provision. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of observational studies published between January 2004 and December 2024 in PubMed and Scopus, following PRISMA 2020 and JBI guidelines. The review assessed whether planned menus and residents’ actual intake met recognised dietary reference values, described dietary assessment methods, and identified common nutrient shortfalls. Results: 34 observational studies from 16 countries were included. The most frequently used assessment methods were weighed food records (50.0%), menu analyses (29.4%), and 24 h recalls or food diaries (20.6%). Among the 25 studies reporting mean daily energy intake, 68.0% documented values between 1250 and 1800 kcal/day, and 73.5% indicated intakes below established reference values. Additionally, 11 studies (32.4%) found that residents consumed less than 75% of the energy planned in menus. Protein intake was below 60 g/day or 0.83 g/kg body weight/day in 41.2% of studies. Across 22 studies assessing micronutrients, recurrent inadequacies included vitamin D (61.8%), calcium (55.9%), folate (50.0%), zinc (41.2%), and fibre (47.1%). In studies quantifying planned–served–consumed stages, actual intake represented approximately 64.0–87.0% of planned energy and protein. Conclusions: Nutrition in LTC settings frequently falls short of meeting the energy and nutrient requirements of institutionalised older adults. Persistent inadequacies in energy, protein, and key micronutrients were observed across studies, alongside substantial variability in dietary assessment methods and reference frameworks, limiting comparability of findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Aging Addressing Specific Issues for Optimal Prevention, Screening, and Care in Older Adults)
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