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Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on Immune System

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 October 2024) | Viewed by 1693

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Section of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
2. Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
Interests: flavonoids; polyphenols; cocoa; hesperidin; methylxanthines; antioxidants; allergy; immunonutrition; immunomodulation; immune system; microbiota; antibody; sport; rotavirus; prebiotic; probiotic; postbiotics; 2’FL; GOS/FOS
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Guest Editor
Section of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: functional foods; legumes; metabolic diseases; NAFLD; exercise; lipid metabolism; insulin resistance; hypothalamic inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, are found in small quantities in foods of plant origin such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The consumption of these bioactive compounds not only provides basic nutritional benefits but also has been shown to have beneficial effects on health, including physiological, metabolic, and immunological aspects, thus playing an important role in preventing various diseases. In this regard, their antioxidant activity can diminish the risk of numerous diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, cataract, and age-related dementia, among others. Among their mechanisms of action, the stimulation of the defense mechanism, the reinforcement of the repair process, or even the prevention of widespread damage have been reported. Overall, the immunomodulation by these bioactive compounds represents a promising preventive or therapeutic strategy against several pathological processes, and further knowledge about their ability to modulate both the functionality and composition of the immune system is needed.

In this regard, this Special Issue of Nutrients will focus on the relevant knowledge of the impact of dietary polyphenols on the immune system and the microbiota to provide the most recent perspectives of this area. Papers in the form of original in vitro, clinical, and preclinical studies as well as review articles are welcome for submission.

Dr. Malen Massot-Cladera
Dr. Garyfallia Kapravelou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • immune system
  • gut microbiota
  • immunonutrition
  • polyphenols
  • phenolic compounds
  • flavonoids
  • lignans
  • stilbenes
  • carotenoids
  • anthocyanins
  • polyphenol-enriched foods
  • functional foods
  • fruits
  • vegetables
  • antioxidants

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1197 KiB  
Article
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers of Redox Balance and Inflammation in Old Patients Hospitalized in Internal Medicine
by Francesco Bellanti, Aurelio Lo Buglio, Michał Dobrakowski, Aleksandra Kasperczyk, Sławomir Kasperczyk, Gaetano Serviddio and Gianluigi Vendemiale
Nutrients 2024, 16(19), 3359; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193359 - 2 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1366
Abstract
Background/Objectives: We have previously described that low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in elderly patients admitted in internal medicine wards is linked to poorer clinical outcomes. This investigation was designed to explore whether adherence to the MD is related to circulating markers [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: We have previously described that low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in elderly patients admitted in internal medicine wards is linked to poorer clinical outcomes. This investigation was designed to explore whether adherence to the MD is related to circulating markers of redox balance and inflammation in this clinical scenario. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 306 acute old patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Adherence to the MD was estimated by the Italian Mediterranean Index (IMI). The circulating markers of redox balance were assessed in serum and erythrocytes and correlated with inflammatory markers across different MD adherence groups. Results: Compared to the patients with high adherence, those with low adherence to the MD exhibited severely impaired redox balance, as evidenced by a higher GSSG/GSH ratio and increased serum hydroxynonenal/malondialdehyde–protein adducts. No modifications were described in the expression of antioxidant enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patients with low adherence to the MD exhibited a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and markers of systemic inflammation, as well as raised levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor, compared to those with high MD adherence. A strong association was observed between the circulating markers of redox balance and inflammation/immune response, with the highest regression coefficients found in the low adherence group. Conclusions: Old patients admitted to internal medicine wards with low adherence to the MD display unfavorable profiles of the circulating markers of redox balance and inflammation. It is conceivable that such effects on redox balance can be linked to the high polyphenol content of MD. This study supports the rationale for intervention trials that attest to the effectiveness of MD as a nutritional strategy for disease prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on Immune System)
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