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Organ System Crosstalk in Cardiometabolic Health and Disease: Implications in Lifestyle Interventions

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2024) | Viewed by 1655

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: cardiovascular disease; obesity; diabetes; metabolic disease; vascular biology; exercise physiology; molecular biology; pathology; nutrition; epigenetics; translational research; dietary interventions; biomarkers; chemoprevention; cancer biology; racial disparity; clinical trials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: vascular biology; clinical trials; exercise physiology; physical therapy; obesity; racial disparity; cardiovascular research; dietary interventions; translational research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The purpose of this Special Issue is to publish a focused, coherent, impactful and well-cited volume on the intricate interplay and communication between various organs and systems within the body, particularly in the context of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Particular attention will be paid to the effects of nutrition, supplements, bioactive food components and other lifestyle modifications, including weight loss and physical activity.

Nutrients play a crucial role in modulating organ system crosstalk, influencing the communication and interactions between various organs and systems within the body. Examples of how different nutrients can impact organ crosstalk in the context of cardiometabolic health and disease include the following. (1) Carbohydrates: high-glycemic carbohydrates can lead to rapid spikes in blood sugar, triggering insulin release from the pancreas and affecting metabolic signaling pathways. (2) Fats: fats also play a role in adipose tissue function and the secretion of adipokines, hormones produced by adipocytes that regulate metabolism and inflammation. The dysregulation of adipokine secretion, often observed in obesity, can disrupt organ crosstalk and contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. (3) Proteins: some amino acids serve as precursors for the synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters that regulate metabolism, appetite and energy balance. For example, the amino acid tryptophan is a precursor for serotonin, which plays a role in mood regulation and appetite control. (4) Micronutrients: micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are essential for the proper functioning of enzymes and metabolic pathways involved in organ crosstalk. For example, vitamin D is known to play a role in immune function and insulin sensitivity, while magnesium is involved in glucose metabolism and blood pressure regulation.

Overall, the composition and quality of the diet, including the balance of macronutrients and micronutrients, can have profound effects on organ system crosstalk and cardiometabolic health. This Special Issue aims to provide rigorous evidence from novel experimental and observational studies that supports the physiological interactions among different organs in the context of cardiometabolic disease development and progression, and the ways in which nutrition might impact this crosstalk. Both original and review articles are acceptable. Articles of a basic science nature, animal studies, clinical/translational studies, epidemiological studies, meta-analyses and behavioral studies are acceptable.

Dr. Abeer M. Mahmoud
Dr. Shane Phillips
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crosstalk
  • cardiometabolic
  • adipokines
  • microbiome
  • diet
  • supplements
  • caloric restriction
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • metabolism
  • insulin resistance
  • dyslipidemia
  • vascular biology
  • endothelial function
  • cardiovascular
  • nutrigenomics
  • epigenetics
  • weight loss
  • coronary artery disease
  • stroke
  • hypertension
  • atherosclerosis
  • inflammation
  • oxidative stress
  • bioactive food compounds
  • bariatric surgery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 1607 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiota and Gut–Brain Axis in Hypertension: Implications for Kidney and Cardiovascular Health—A Narrative Review
by Ewelina Młynarska, Jakub Wasiak, Agata Gajewska, Aleksandra Bilińska, Greta Steć, Joanna Jasińska, Jacek Rysz and Beata Franczyk
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4079; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234079 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1271
Abstract
Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a major contributor to a wide range of health complications, with cardiac hypertrophy and chronic kidney disease being among the most prevalent. Consequently, novel strategies for the treatment and prevention of hypertension are actively being explored. Recent research has [...] Read more.
Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a major contributor to a wide range of health complications, with cardiac hypertrophy and chronic kidney disease being among the most prevalent. Consequently, novel strategies for the treatment and prevention of hypertension are actively being explored. Recent research has highlighted a potential link between hypertension and the gut–brain axis. A bidirectional communication between the microbiota and the brain via the vagus nerve, enteric nervous system, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, secreted short-chain fatty acids, and neurotransmitter metabolism. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed to identify studies exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and hypertension, along with the effects of dietary interventions and probiotics on blood pressure regulation. Discussion: Studies in both animal models and human subjects have demonstrated a strong correlation between alterations in gut microbiota composition and the development of hypertension. By influencing blood pressure, the gut microbiota can potentially affect the progression of cardiovascular and kidney disorders. Modulating gut microbiota through dietary interventions and probiotics has shown promise in regulating blood pressure and reducing systemic inflammation, offering a novel approach to managing hypertension. Diets such as the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids and low in sodium, promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria that support cardiovascular health. Additionally, probiotics have been found to enhance gut barrier function, reduce inflammation, and modulate the Renin–Angiotensin System, all of which contribute to lowering blood pressure. Conclusions: Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms of action of the microbiota in hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of gut microbiota on blood pressure regulation and the progression of hypertension-related complications, such as cardiovascular and kidney disorders. Full article
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