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The Role of Preventive Nutrition in Cardio-Metabolic Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2025 | Viewed by 6822

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Health Sciences Department, Worcester State University, Worcester, MA 01602, USA
Interests: dietary patterns; type 2 diabetes; metabolic syndrome; inflammatory markes; cardiovascular disease; lipid metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
Interests: HDL; lipoproteins; lipid metabolism; immune function; inflammation; functional foods; human nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The prevalence of chronic metabolic diseases remains high in the US. Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, which remains the leading cause of death in this country. The healthcare cost savings of preventive medicine are indisputable. Diet plays a role in low-grade systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, which are the common hallmarks of cardiometabolic diseases. Following healthy dietary patterns, such as one recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet and plant-based diets, has been associated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. Nevertheless, adherence to these population-based recommendations has been challenging. Furthermore, interindividual variability in response to diet interventions suggests that personalized/precision nutrition approaches may be more effective strategies to promote adherence, reduce specific metabolic risks and improve health outcomes through tailored interventions. Thus, this Special Issue welcomes original research and review articles that provide insight into the latest research on strategies and interventions that describe how healthy dietary patterns can reduce the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases. 

Dr. Mariana C. Calle
Dr. Catherine J. Andersen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cardiovascular disease
  • type 2 diabetes
  • metabolic syndrome
  • nutrigenomics
  • nutrigenetics
  • personalized/precision nutrition
  • lifestyle interventions
  • anti-inflammatory diet patterns
  • plant-based diets
  • Mediterranean diet
  • DASH diet
  • whole foods
  • dietary bioactives
  • antioxidant-rich foods

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 1182 KiB  
Review
The Effect of Dietary Types on Gut Microbiota Composition and Development of Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review
by Martin Soldán, Ľubica Argalášová, Lucia Hadvinová, Bonzel Galileo and Jana Babjaková
Nutrients 2024, 16(18), 3134; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183134 - 17 Sep 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6205
Abstract
Introduction: The importance of diet in shaping the gut microbiota is well established and may help improve an individual’s overall health. Many other factors, such as genetics, age, exercise, antibiotic therapy, or tobacco use, also play a role in influencing gut microbiota. Aim: [...] Read more.
Introduction: The importance of diet in shaping the gut microbiota is well established and may help improve an individual’s overall health. Many other factors, such as genetics, age, exercise, antibiotic therapy, or tobacco use, also play a role in influencing gut microbiota. Aim: This narrative review summarizes how three distinct dietary types (plant-based, Mediterranean, and Western) affect the composition of gut microbiota and the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, focusing on the keywords “dietary pattern”, “gut microbiota” and “dysbiosis”. Results: Both plant-based and Mediterranean diets have been shown to promote the production of beneficial bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while simultaneously lowering concentrations of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a molecule associated with negative health outcomes. Additionally, they have a positive impact on microbial diversity and therefore are generally considered healthy dietary types. On the other hand, the Western diet is a typical example of an unhealthy nutritional approach leading to an overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria, where TMAO levels rise and SCFA production drops due to gut dysbiosis. Conclusion: The current scientific literature consistently highlights the superiority of plant-based and Mediterranean dietary types over the Western diet in promoting gut health and preventing NCDs. Understanding the influence of diet on gut microbiota modulation may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Preventive Nutrition in Cardio-Metabolic Disease)
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