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Featured Reviews on Geriatric Nutrition
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Featured Reviews on Geriatric Nutrition

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 February 2026 | Viewed by 2270

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristiano Capurso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: aging; determinants of frailty and health; atherosclerosis; Mediterranean diet; cognitive decline
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last century, the life expectancy at birth increased from roughly 45 years in the early 1900s to more than 80 years today.

Indeed, living longer is often related to different levels of frailty. Nevertheless, it is also true that many elderly people maintain good autonomy and live life with a good level of well-being. These subjects do not have serious illnesses or physical disabilities; they have good mental health, preserved cognitive functions, maintain a good level of physical activity levels, and in some cases, are engaged in social and productive activities. A healthy diet and lifestyle are important to reduce the risk of chronic diseases, many of which are age-related.

This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Featured Reviews on Geriatric Nutrition”, has been developed to compile contemporary research studies on this important topic. We invite you and your collaborators to consider the submission of your original research, protocol development, methodological studies, narrative or systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. We welcome all types of study designs in various populations, including large observational epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, clinical and field trials, and qualitative investigations.

Dr. Cristiano Capurso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mediterranean diet
  • nutrients
  • aging
  • frailty
  • determinants of health
  • cognitive decline
  • determinants of frailty and health in organs and systems

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2047 KB  
Article
C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio vs. Prognostic Nutritional Index as the Best Predictor of Early Mortality in Hospitalized Older Patients, Regardless of Admitting Diagnosis
by Cristiano Capurso, Aurelio Lo Buglio, Francesco Bellanti and Gaetano Serviddio
Nutrients 2025, 17(17), 2907; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17172907 - 8 Sep 2025
Viewed by 371
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition and systemic inflammation are major determinants of poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults, such as length of hospital stay (LOS), mortality, and readmission risk. The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CRP/Alb) and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are simple biomarkers reflecting [...] Read more.
Background: Malnutrition and systemic inflammation are major determinants of poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults, such as length of hospital stay (LOS), mortality, and readmission risk. The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CRP/Alb) and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are simple biomarkers reflecting inflammation and nutritional status. Additionally, the PNI offers a straightforward method to assess both the nutritional state and mortality risk in older patients. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the predictive accuracy of the CRP/Alb ratio and PNI for early in-hospital mortality at 7 and 30 days after admission in older patients, independent of admitting diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2776 patients aged 65 years and older, admitted to the Internal Medicine and Aging Unit of the “Policlinico Riuniti” University Hospital in Foggia, Italy, between 2019 and 2025. Laboratory data at admission included CRP, albumin, and total lymphocyte count (TLC). The CRP/Alb ratio and PNI were calculated. Prognostic performance for 7- and 30-day mortality for both the CRP/Alb ratio and PNI was assessed using ROC curves, Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier survival analyses, and positive predictive value (PPV) comparisons, stratified by rehospitalization status and length of stay (LOS). The likelihood-ratio test was also performed to compare the 7- and 30-day mortality PPVs of the CRP/Alb ratio and the PNI, both for all patients and for re-hospitalized patients. Results: In-hospital mortality occurred in 444 patients (16%). Deceased patients showed significantly higher CRP/Alb ratios and lower PNI values than survivors (p < 0.001). Both the CRP/Alb ratio and PNI independently predicted 7- and 30-day mortality. A CRP/Alb ratio > 8 strongly predicted very early mortality (HR 10.46 for 7-day death), whereas a PNI < 38 predicted both 7- and 30-day mortality (HR 8.84 and HR 3.54, respectively). Among non-rehospitalized patients, the PNI demonstrated superior predictive performance regardless of LOS (p < 0.001). Among rehospitalized patients, the PNI was a more accurate predictor for short LOS (<7 days), while the CRP/Alb ratio performed better for longer LOS (≥7 days). Conclusions: Both the CRP/Alb ratio and PNI are inexpensive, readily available biomarkers for early risk stratification in hospitalized older adults. The CRP/Alb ratio is particularly effective in detecting very early mortality risk, while the PNI offers refined prognostic value across selected subgroups. Integrating these markers at admission may support personalized geriatric care and timely interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Featured Reviews on Geriatric Nutrition)
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Review

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28 pages, 2285 KB  
Review
The Impact of Flavonoids and Omega-3 in Mitigating Frailty Syndrome to Improve Treatment Outcomes in Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Patients
by Sanaz Jamshidi, Zahra Eskandari, Amirhossein Faghih Ojaroodi, Shayan Keramat and Agata Stanek
Nutrients 2025, 17(14), 2303; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17142303 - 12 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common vascular disorder in the elderly, often accompanied by frailty syndrome, which is associated with increased inflammation, oxidative stress, and functional decline. Nutritional strategies, particularly those involving bioactive compounds like flavonoids and omega-3 fatty acids, have been [...] Read more.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common vascular disorder in the elderly, often accompanied by frailty syndrome, which is associated with increased inflammation, oxidative stress, and functional decline. Nutritional strategies, particularly those involving bioactive compounds like flavonoids and omega-3 fatty acids, have been suggested as potential approaches to modulate these pathological processes. This narrative review summarizes current evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of flavonoids and omega-3 fatty acids, and their possible roles in mitigating frailty syndrome in patients with PAD. We examine mechanistic pathways including NF-κB, AMPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and Nrf2, which are implicated in chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and muscle wasting. Although studies in general and aging populations suggest beneficial effects of these compounds on vascular and muscle health, specific evidence in PAD patients remains limited. Flavonoids may reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhance antioxidant responses, while omega-3 fatty acids have shown potential in modulating inflammatory signaling and supporting vascular repair. Current data provide a basis for further investigation into the dietary modulation of frailty syndrome in PAD. Understanding the impact of these nutrients may offer insights into adjunctive strategies for improving patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Featured Reviews on Geriatric Nutrition)
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