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Effect of Lifestyle and Dietary Interventions for People with Chronic Kidney Disease

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 2 July 2024 | Viewed by 5699

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kelly Lambert

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Guest Editor

School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Science, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Interests: nutrition and dietetics; nephrology and urology; health counselling; clinical nutrition; public health nutrition; health services research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic kidney disease is a global health problem. Suboptimal dietary patterns and low physical activity levels are important lifestyle-related elements that can contribute to negative health outcomes in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD)

While it is unlikely that there will be one optimal lifestyle approach for people with CKD, there is an urgent need to explore components of successful lifestyle interventions and to test differing combinations of dose, intensity, duration and context to determine efficacy. Lifestyle modifications may, therefore, ultimately improve the risk factor profile and progression of this condition.

This Special Issue of Nutrients is dedicated to highlighting the potential clinical, health system, financial and patient relevant outcomes that lifestyle modification may have in people with chronic kidney disease. We are pleased to accept both original articles and reviews on this topic.

Dr. Kelly Lambert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

lifestyle
diet
dietary patterns
exercise
physical activity
lifestyle intervention

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 500 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dietary Patterns, Dietary Adequacy and Nutrient Intake in Adults Commencing Peritoneal Dialysis: Outcomes from a Longitudinal Cohort Study

by Kelly Lambert, Michele Ryan, Jade Flanagan, Georgie Broinowski, Maryann Nicdao, Jordan Stanford and Katrina Chau

Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050663 - 27 Feb 2024

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Abstract

(1) Background: Optimal dietary intake is integral to good health in people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). We investigated how dietary patterns, dietary adequacy and nutrient intake may change over time in people commencing PD. (2) Methods: Participants were attending the PD training unit for the commencement of peritoneal dialysis, aged ≥18 years and willing to complete food records. Misreporters were excluded from the analysis. Dietary intake was compared at PD commencement and at 12 months. Intake was also compared to reference standards. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. (3) Results: There were no significant changes between baseline and 12 months for grains, fruit, vegetables and meat. Dairy and added sugar intake was significantly lower (p = 0.01). The intake of energy and protein was adequate and did not change. There was a significant reduction in dietary phosphorus and calcium, and increased vitamin C intake. Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Bread and Cereal’ pattern; ‘Milk and Potatoes’ pattern; and the ‘Semi Vegetarian’ pattern. (4) Conclusions: In this longitudinal cohort study, the diet quality was suboptimal and there were limited changes in intake after the commencement of PD. Further exploration of how dietary patterns may impact outcomes and quality of life is warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Lifestyle and Dietary Interventions for People with Chronic Kidney Disease)

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Review

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16 pages, 849 KiB

Open AccessReview

Food to Prevent Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease

by Diana Moldovan, Crina Rusu, Alina Potra, Dacian Tirinescu, Maria Ticala and Ina Kacso

Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050617 - 23 Feb 2024

Viewed by 1686

Abstract

Vascular calcification (VC) is a consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is of paramount importance regarding the survival of CKD patients. VC is far from being controlled with actual medication; as a result, in recent years, diet modulation has become more compelling. The concept of medical nutritional therapy points out the idea that food may prevent or treat diseases. The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of food habits and nutritional intervention in the occurrence and progression of VC in CKD. Evidence reports the harmfulness of ultra-processed food, food additives, and animal-based proteins due to the increased intake of high absorbable phosphorus, the scarcity of fibers, and the increased production of uremic toxins. Available data are more supportive of a plant-dominant diet, especially for the impact on gut microbiota composition, which varies significantly depending on VC presence. Magnesium has been shown to prevent VC but only in experimental and small clinical studies. Vitamin K has drawn considerable attention due to its activation of VC inhibitors. There are positive studies; unfortunately, recent trials failed to prove its efficacy in preventing VC. Future research is needed and should aim to transform food into a medical intervention to eliminate VC danger in CKD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Lifestyle and Dietary Interventions for People with Chronic Kidney Disease)

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14 pages, 1655 KiB

Open AccessReview

Dieta de la Milpa: A Culturally-Concordant Plant-Based Dietary Pattern for Hispanic/Latine People with Chronic Kidney Disease

by Annabel Biruete, Gabriela Leal-Escobar, Ángeles Espinosa-Cuevas, Luis Mojica and Brandon M. Kistler

Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 574; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050574 - 20 Feb 2024

Viewed by 2771

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disproportionately affects minorities in the United States, including the Hispanic/Latine population, and is a public health concern in Latin American countries. An emphasis on healthy dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, has been suggested as they are associated with a lower incidence of CKD, slower CKD progression, and lower mortality in kidney failure. However, their applicability may be limited in people from Latin America. The Dieta de la Milpa (Diet of the Cornfield) was recently described as the dietary pattern of choice for people from Mesoamerica (Central Mexico and Central America). This dietary pattern highlights the intake of four plant-based staple foods from this geographical region, corn/maize, common beans, pumpkins/squashes, and chilies, complemented with seasonal and local intake of plant-based foods and a lower intake of animal-based foods, collectively classified into ten food groups. Limited preclinical and clinical studies suggest several health benefits, including cardiometabolic health, but there is currently no data concerning CKD. In this narrative review, we describe and highlight the potential benefits of the Dieta de la Milpa in CKD, including acid-base balance, protein source, potassium and phosphorus management, impact on the gut microbiota, inflammation, and cultural appropriateness. Despite these potential benefits, this dietary pattern has not been tested in people with CKD. Therefore, we suggest key research questions targeting measurement of adherence, feasibility, and effectiveness of the Dieta de la Milpa in people with CKD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Lifestyle and Dietary Interventions for People with Chronic Kidney Disease)

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