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Emerging Drug Targets: New Challenges for the Medicinal Chemist

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 2548

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the past 5 years, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized an average of 53 new drugs per year. Interestingly, monoclonal antibodies are the class of drugs with the highest number of approvals, but natural compounds still represent a source of inspiration for the design of novel molecules. Additionally, small heterocyclic compounds are still being developed for use as drug candidates.

More than 25 years after the “Lipinski’s rule of five” and in the era of drug repurposing, this Special Issue aims to present innovations in modern medicinal chemistry that enable us to understand the importance of developing small molecules for use as drug candidates against emerging targets. In the world of big data, of databases containing millions of fragments, and of artificial intelligence, the discovery and validation of novel pharmacological targets remains a focus of research.

This Special Issue aims to collect original contributions that describe the study of new or repurposed compounds targeting innovative pathways or macromolecular interactors. Mechanistic studies, target validation, rational drug design and the repurposing of drugs fall within the scope of this Special Issue. Research and review articles are welcome.

Dr. Giovanni Ribaudo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • drug repurposing
  • drug repositioning
  • drug design
  • target validation
  • molecular modeling
  • interaction studies
  • organic synthesis
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 1977 KB  
Article
Co-Inhibition of Kv1.3 Channel Activity by Selected Chalcones and Statins in a Model of Cancer Cell Line Jurkat T
by Andrzej Teisseyre, Kamila Środa-Pomianek, Anna Uryga, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow and Anna Palko-Łabuz
Molecules 2026, 31(5), 766; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31050766 - 25 Feb 2026
Viewed by 351
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an important role in the regulation of survival and apoptosis in many cell types, including both normal and cancer cells. Inhibitors of these channels may potentially find clinical applications in the treatment of various diseases, including certain cancers [...] Read more.
Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an important role in the regulation of survival and apoptosis in many cell types, including both normal and cancer cells. Inhibitors of these channels may potentially find clinical applications in the treatment of various diseases, including certain cancers characterized by the over-expression of Kv1.3. In this study, the effects of isobavachalcone (IBC) and two non-prenylated chalcones—2′-hydroxy-4,3′-dimethoxychalcone (HDC) and 2′-hydroxy-2-methoxychalcone (HMC)—on Kv1.3 channel activity were investigated in the Jurkat T cancer cell line using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. The electrophysiological measurements were preceded by experiments assessing cell viability, and the patch-clamp data were consistent with results obtained from MTT-based assays. We observed an almost complete and irreversible inhibition of Kv1.3 in the presence of IBC. The non-prenylated chalcones also inhibited the channels, but with lower potency and in a reversible and incomplete manner. The inhibitory effect of IBC was significantly enhanced upon co-application with simvastatin (SIM) and mevastatin (MEV). In contrast, inhibition by the non-prenylated chalcones was significantly increased only in the presence of mevastatin, but not simvastatin. The channel inhibition may be related to the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of these compounds in Kv1.3-expressing cancer cells. Altogether, our results indicate that both prenylated and non-prenylated chalcones, particularly in combination with statins, may represent biologically active scaffolds, warranting further optimization and preclinical evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Drug Targets: New Challenges for the Medicinal Chemist)
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Review

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24 pages, 2025 KB  
Review
Indole–Imidazole Hybrids as Emerging Therapeutic Scaffolds: Synthetic Advances and Biomedical Applications
by Wafa A. Bawazir and Qurratul Ain
Molecules 2025, 30(21), 4164; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214164 - 23 Oct 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1559
Abstract
Indole and imidazole structures are widely used in medicinal chemistry for their unique electronic, steric, and pharmacophoric qualities that drive diverse biological effects. Combining indole and imidazole structures enhanced structural diversity, binding affinity, making a promising approach for creating multifunctional therapeutic agents. This [...] Read more.
Indole and imidazole structures are widely used in medicinal chemistry for their unique electronic, steric, and pharmacophoric qualities that drive diverse biological effects. Combining indole and imidazole structures enhanced structural diversity, binding affinity, making a promising approach for creating multifunctional therapeutic agents. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the synthetic strategies developed for indole–imidazole derivatives, encompassing multistep synthesis, one-pot multicomponent condensation reactions, metal-catalyzed reactions, metal-free catalysis, and various green chemistry approaches, with particular emphasis on efficiency, yields, and practical limitations. In addition, this review critically evaluates the biological activities of indole–imidazole scaffolds, highlighting their applications as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-microbial, neurological, and metabolic agents. By integrating recent synthetic advances with pharmacological insights, this review underscores both the opportunities and challenges in the hybrid design. It also provides direction for future research aimed at developing novel drug candidates to tackle current healthcare concerns such as antibiotic resistance, cancer, and chronic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Drug Targets: New Challenges for the Medicinal Chemist)
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