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(Mass Spectrometric) Non Target Screening–Techniques and Strategies: Volume II

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Analytical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2398

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Analytisches Forschungsinstitut für Non-Target Screening GmbH, 86167 Augsburg, Germany
2. Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
Interests: non-target screening; suspects screening; mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; gas chromatography; supercritical fluid chromatography; chemometrics; data processing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mass spectrometric non-target screening (NTS) is a comprehensive and untargeted approach that predominantly detects organic molecules and combines robust analytical measurements with adapted data evaluation concepts, systematic compound identification workflows, and statistical data interpretation.

It is well suited to the identification of new, unexpected, and/or unknown organic compounds as well as to monitoring ‘molecular fingerprints’ and profiling ‘process-relevant’ molecules via statistical methods.

Non-target screening provides special benefits for the investigation of complex samples across various disciplines, including well-characterized samples can contain relevant and as yet undetected compounds. Depending on the nature of the sample and the aim of the analytical process, the presence of such unknown compounds may be highly relevant. Non-target screening is a universal technique that can be applied in many areas such as environmental studies, forensics, foods, metabolomics, and other analyses. Since a round of meetings held in 2016 and beyond covered this topic, and since many books and publications have now delved into NTS, it has attained a new levels of knowledge and awareness.

Many experts in the field have presented at recent digital workshops such as ‘Gas Chromatography meets Non-Target Screening’ (‘GC meets NTS’) or the International Conferences on Non-Target Screening (‘ICNTS’) and have published papers in the first volume of this Special Issue on NTS (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules/special_issues/non_target_screen). The first volume of this Special Issue is also available in book form (https://www.mdpi.com/books/book/6748).

With the aim of continuing to present the expertise of researchers in the field, we invite submissions of manuscripts for publication in this new Special Issue in the Analytical Chemistry Section. The focus here will not be on the applications themselves, but on the techniques, strategies, NTS software solutions and platforms as well as on data evaluation workflows and other developments in NTS. Submissions are welcome that present detailed and transparent quality assurance in terms of both their analytical and data-handling performance.

The authors and Special Issue editors will then proceed a study reporting on topics related to the SRT concept (for details see https://nontargetedanalysis.org/srt/) and coallate it into the Appendix.

Please do not hesitate to contact me if you are interested in publishing your recent developments on this exciting topic.

Dr. Thomas Letzel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mass spectrometric non-target screening
  • NTS workflows
  • NTS strategies
  • NTS techniques (separation, ionization, detection)
  • HPLC
  • SFC
  • GC
  • CE
  • HRMS
  • MS/MS
  • NTS software solutions
  • NTS open access software
  • NTS data evaluation
  • NTS and quality management

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2390 KiB  
Article
Occurrence, Sources, and Prioritization of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Drinking Water from Yangtze River Delta, China: Focusing on Emerging PFASs
by Zixin Qian, Chao Feng, Yuhang Chen, Yuanjie Lin, Ziwei Liang, Hailei Qian, Jingxian Zhou, Jinjing Ma, Yue Jin, Dasheng Lu, Guoquan Wang, Ping Xiao and Zhijun Zhou
Molecules 2025, 30(11), 2313; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112313 - 25 May 2025
Viewed by 316
Abstract
As regulations ban legacy PFASs, many emerging PFASs are being developed, leading to their release into the aquatic environment and drinking water. However, research studies on these emerging PFASs in drinking water are limited, and current standards only cover a few legacy PFASs, [...] Read more.
As regulations ban legacy PFASs, many emerging PFASs are being developed, leading to their release into the aquatic environment and drinking water. However, research studies on these emerging PFASs in drinking water are limited, and current standards only cover a few legacy PFASs, leaving many emerging PFASs unregulated and their toxicity unknown. Therefore, a machine learning-based suspect screening combined with target screening was employed to comprehensively identify and quantify both legacy and novel PFASs in drinking water from the Yangtze River Delta, and their potential sources of contamination were determined through pollutant profile analysis. A total of 30 PFASs were identified, including 16 legacy and 14 novel PFASs, categorized into 11 classes. Quantitative and semi-quantitative analyses revealed that the maximum concentrations of 30 PFASs ranged from <LOQ (limit of quantification) to 48.92 ng/L. Notably, PFPeA (48.92 ng/L), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA, 44.83 ng/L), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, 37.72 ng/L), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS, 26.77 ng/L), and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (HNTf2, 15.02 ng/L) exhibited higher concentrations compared to other PFASs. The pollutant profile analysis suggested that PFASs in the Yangtze River Delta’s drinking water are more likely to originate from pollution in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River rather than from local industrial emissions. Then, the identified PFASs were prioritized by integrating the PBT (persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity) properties of PFASs with environmental exposure data. In the prioritization and risk assessment process, ten high-concern PFASs had Risk Indexes (RIs) higher than those of ref-PFOA and ref-PFOS, including eight legacy PFASs and two novel PFASs. The drinking water of the Yangtze River Delta originates from the surface water of the lower Yangtze River, which accumulates pollutants from its upper and middle reaches, affecting the health of over 20 million people. Our findings indicated the presence of emerging PFASs in the region’s drinking water and demonstrated conceptual models for integrating chemical information from suspect screening with toxicity prediction and risk assessment. Although the current levels of emerging PFASs are relatively low, legacy PFASs still dominate. Further research is needed to identify, monitor, and assess the health and environmental risks of emerging PFASs. Full article
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15 pages, 6762 KiB  
Article
Qualitative Analysis of Nitrogen and Sulfur Compounds in Vacuum Gas Oils via Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
by Morio Ueda, Jongbeom Lee, Hyeonseok Yi, Gang-Ho Lee, Yu-Jin Kim, Geon-Hee Kim, Kyeongseok Oh, Seong-Ho Yoon, Koji Nakabayashi and Joo-Il Park
Molecules 2024, 29(11), 2508; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112508 - 26 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1505
Abstract
Analysis of the heavy fractions in crude oil has been important in petroleum industries. It is well known that heavy fractions such as vacuum gas oils (VGOs) include heteroatoms, of which sulfur and nitrogen are often characterized in many cases. We conducted research [...] Read more.
Analysis of the heavy fractions in crude oil has been important in petroleum industries. It is well known that heavy fractions such as vacuum gas oils (VGOs) include heteroatoms, of which sulfur and nitrogen are often characterized in many cases. We conducted research regarding the molecular species analysis of VGOs. Further refine processes using VGOs are becoming important when considering carbon recycling. In this work, we attempted to classify compounds within VGOs provided by Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Two VGOs were priorly distillated from Kuwait Export crude and Lower Fars crude. Quantitative analysis was performed mainly using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). MALDI-TOF-MS has been developed for analyzing high-molecular-weight compounds such as polymer and biopolymers. As matrix selection is one of the most important aspects in MALDI-TOFMS, the careful selection of a matrix was firstly evaluated, followed by analysis using a Kendrick plot with nominal mass series (z*). The objective was to evaluate if this work could provide an effective classification of VGOs compounds. The Kendrick plot is a well-known method for processing mass data. The difference in the Kendrick mass defect (KMD) between CnH2n−14S and CnH2n−20O is only 0.0005 mass units, which makes it difficult in general to distinguish these compounds. However, since the z* value showed effective differences during the classification of these compounds, qualitative analysis could be possible. The analysis using nominal mass series showed the potential to be used as an effective method in analyzing heavy fractions. Full article
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