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Small Molecules for Gonadal Diseases

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2027 | Viewed by 533

Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
Interests: small molecules; hypoxia inducible factor-1a; follicular development; luteal formation and degeneration; transcriptome and proteome; polycystic ovary syndrome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gonadal diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), testicular dysfunction, and prostate-related disorders, represent a major global health burden, contributing to infertility, endocrine imbalance, and increased risk of metabolic and neoplastic complications. Despite significant advances in reproductive biology and endocrinology, effective therapeutic strategies remain limited, particularly those targeting the underlying molecular mechanisms.

In recent years, small molecules have emerged as promising tools for both mechanistic explorations and therapeutic interventions in gonadal diseases. These compounds—including endogenous metabolites, natural products, and synthetic agents—can modulate key signaling pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and metabolic reprogramming. Increasing evidence highlights their roles in regulating gonadal microenvironment homeostasis, steroidogenesis, vascular function, and germ cell development.

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality original research articles, reviews, and short communications focusing on the discovery, characterization, and application of small molecules in gonadal physiology and pathology. Particular attention will be given to studies elucidating molecular mechanisms, identifying novel therapeutic targets, and exploring translational potential.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Small molecules in ovarian diseases (e.g., PCOS, ovarian insufficiency);
  • Small molecules in testicular injury and male infertility;
  • Small molecules in prostate diseases (e.g., prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer);
  • Regulation of steroidogenesis and endocrine function;
  • Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death pathways in gonadal tissues;
  • Small-molecule-mediated modulation of vascular and metabolic pathways;
  • Drug discovery, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic evaluation;
  • Natural products and bioactive compounds targeting gonadal diseases.

We warmly invite researchers to contribute their latest findings to this Special Issue in order to advance the understanding and treatment of gonadal disorders through innovative small-molecule approaches.

Prof. Dr. Zhengchao Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • small molecules
  • gonadal diseases
  • polycystic ovary syndrome
  • testicular dysfunction
  • prostate diseases
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • reproductive biology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 1658 KB  
Review
FAAH as a Molecular Regulator of Endocannabinoid Signaling: Mechanistic Insights into Reproductive, Metabolic, and Inflammatory Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
by Qinghe Lin, Defan Wang, Pingting Guo, Zhenghong Zhang and Zhengchao Wang
Molecules 2026, 31(12), 1996; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31121996 - 7 Jun 2026
Viewed by 340
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a critical metabolic enzyme in the endocannabinoid system. Through regulating the metabolism of lipid signaling molecules, FAAH is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, inflammatory responses, and metabolic homeostasis. Polycystic ovary [...] Read more.
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a critical metabolic enzyme in the endocannabinoid system. Through regulating the metabolism of lipid signaling molecules, FAAH is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, inflammatory responses, and metabolic homeostasis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders affecting women of reproductive age, is closely associated with abnormal follicular development, dysregulated hormone secretion, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory imbalance. Emerging evidence suggests that FAAH-mediated dysregulation of endocannabinoid metabolism is associated with the pathogenesis of PCOS through the modulation of inflammatory pathways, insulin sensitivity, and hormone secretion. This review systematically summarizes the structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of FAAH, with particular emphasis on its roles in PCOS-associated pathological processes, including reproductive dysfunction, hormonal dysregulation, metabolic imbalance, and inflammatory responses. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS and for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Small Molecules for Gonadal Diseases)
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