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Hybrid Sol-Gel Materials

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1066

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
Interests: nanoparticles; nanocomposites; hybrid materials; sol-gel; mechanochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The synergistic combination of inorganic and organic components at the molecular level in one material enables unique properties of new materials. The production and structuring of such hybrid materials can only be achieved using mild synthesis methods. Sol–gel as a mild and robust process to form inorganic networks plays a crucial role here. By integrating organic molecules, polymers, and functional groups into inorganic matrices, hybrid sol–gel materials exhibit a remarkable combination of flexibility, durability, and functionality. These materials are revolutionising fields as diverse as optics, electronics, biomedicine, and environmental science but can also lead to more sustainable materials and are thus important for the worldwide transformation to a more sustainable future. This Special Issue of Molecules is dedicated to the latest innovations, fundamental research, and diverse applications of hybrid sol–gel materials.

In this Special Issue, you will find current research articles and insightful perspectives from leading experts in the field. We deal with the synthesis methods, the structural characterisation, and the optimisation of the properties of hybrid sol–gel materials, as well as their applications.

Hybrid sol–gel materials are characterised by their ability to bridge the gap between traditional organic and inorganic materials. We hope that this Special Issue stimulates further developments.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Inorganics or Joint Special Issue in Solids.

Dr. Guido Kickelbick
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hybrid materials
  • sol–gel
  • synthesis
  • characterisation
  • applications

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 5693 KB  
Article
Thermal Post-Cross-Linking of Siloxane/Silsesquioxane Hybrids with Polycyclic Aromatic Units for Tailored Softening Behavior in High-Temperature Applications
by Max Briesenick and Guido Kickelbick
Molecules 2025, 30(17), 3532; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30173532 - 29 Aug 2025
Viewed by 641
Abstract
Hybrid siloxane/silsesquioxane materials containing sterically demanding aromatic groups synthesized by hydrolysis and condensation suffer from incomplete cross-linking after thermal consolidation, limiting their thermal and mechanical performance. In this study, we systematically investigated a post-cross-linking strategy using various additives to enhance structural integrity and [...] Read more.
Hybrid siloxane/silsesquioxane materials containing sterically demanding aromatic groups synthesized by hydrolysis and condensation suffer from incomplete cross-linking after thermal consolidation, limiting their thermal and mechanical performance. In this study, we systematically investigated a post-cross-linking strategy using various additives to enhance structural integrity and thermal stability. These include dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS), diphenyldimethoxysilane (DPDMS) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS), as well as the organotin condensation catalyst di-n-butyltin diacetate (DBTA). Notably, we achieved thermal stability up to 453 °C and long-term transparency (up to 99%) at 200 °C with only little yellowing. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated that post-cross-linking of precondensed siloxanes with PTMS, DPDMS, and DBTA enabled the formation of elastic materials exhibiting a rubbery plateau up to 200 °C. This behavior reflects enhanced structural rigidity and elasticity, which are essential for high-temperature applications. Our results show that high-temperature stability in siloxane/silsesquioxane materials is strongly influenced by factors such as the number of phenyl groups, cross-linking density, structural regularity, and degree of condensation. Most notably, the complete incorporation of a sterically demanding naphthyl-functionalized monomer during consolidation proved to be critical. Post-cross-linking significantly enhances all these parameters, which is essential for achieving robust thermal performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hybrid Sol-Gel Materials)
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