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Marine Plant Metabolites as a Source of Novel Bioactive Agents: Isolation and Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 1315

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
2. Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: enzyme kinetics; protein purification; enzyme modulation; drug discovery; metabolite extraction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Interests: antioxidants; antiproliferative natural products; cellular biochemistry, angiogenesis; stem cells; oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Marine plants represent a highly diverse assemblage of photosynthetic organisms uniquely adapted to aquatic environments, including oceans and seas. Their morphological and physiological adaptations vary widely, with some species remaining fully submerged, while others develop extensive emergent structures. This group comprises both algae and vascular plants, each contributing distinctly to the structural and functional integrity of marine ecosystems. These organisms are pivotal for sustaining ecological balance, enhancing water oxygenation, providing essential trophic resources, and offering refuge for smaller, more vulnerable marine fauna.

In addition to their ecological significance, marine plants are increasingly recognized as a rich source of bioactive metabolites, biofuels, and non-energy bioproducts. The combination of their adaptation to extreme or unique environmental conditions and high species diversity makes them an exceptional reservoir of structurally novel compounds with potential therapeutic applications. This Special Issue seeks to highlight cutting-edge research and comprehensive reviews on innovative strategies for the extraction, isolation, and characterization of marine plant-derived metabolites capable of selectively modulating pharmacological targets, thereby facilitating the translation of these natural products into drug candidates suitable for clinical evaluation. Prospective authors are invited to submit a preliminary abstract to verify alignment with the scope and objectives of this Special Issue.

Dr. Francesco Balestri
Dr. Francesca Felice
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • marine algae
  • aquatic plants
  • bioactive metabolites
  • extraction and isolation techniques
  • natural product characterization
  • bioproducts and biofuels
  • cell metabolism
  • pharmacological targets

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1841 KB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of Virucidal Effect of Polysaccharides Extracted and Purified from Arthrospira platensis and Dunaliella salina on Human Adenovirus Type 5 in A549 Cells
by Marco Verani, Clementina Manera, Alessandra Pagani, Matteo Banti, Annalaura Carducci, Federica Gasperin, Alice Cannaos, Graziano Di Giuseppe, Lionella Palego, Paola Nieri and Ileana Federigi
Molecules 2026, 31(6), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31061023 - 19 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from cyanobacteria and microalgae have attracted increasing interest as natural virucidal agents. Among them, polysaccharides from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis), and the green microalgae Dunaliella salina (D. salina) have shown virucidal activities, mainly against enveloped [...] Read more.
Polysaccharides derived from cyanobacteria and microalgae have attracted increasing interest as natural virucidal agents. Among them, polysaccharides from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis), and the green microalgae Dunaliella salina (D. salina) have shown virucidal activities, mainly against enveloped viruses, while evidence on non-enveloped viruses is still limited. In this study, the virucidal activity of purified polysaccharides extracted from A. platensis (APPs) and from D. salina (DSPs) was evaluated in vitro against human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5), a non-enveloped pathogenic virus with high persistence in the environment and resistance to disinfection. The in vitro assays were carried out at concentrations previously verified as non-toxic by morphological evaluation of A549 cells after 24 and 48 h of incubation, testing two viral loads, namely, 103 and 104 tissue culture infectious dose 50% per milliliter (TCID50/mL). For APPs, a possible time-dependent effect was also assessed at different contact times (15, 30 and 60 min). DSPs showed a limited virucidal effect related to the starting viral concentration, while APPs induced a consistent viral reduction (up to 98.8%) at both viral concentrations. The virucidal effect of APPs occurred rapidly and was not significantly influenced by contact time, thus suggesting that prolonged exposure is not a determining factor for polysaccharide virucidal activity. These findings demonstrate the virucidal activity of APPs against a highly resistant non-enveloped virus and provide preliminary in vitro evidence of their potential application as natural virucidal agents, particularly for environmental disinfection purposes. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action and to optimize their practical use. Full article
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Review

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38 pages, 4615 KB  
Review
Bioactive Metabolites from Portuguese Atlantic Seaweeds: Diversity, Chemical Profiles, and Emerging Biotechnological Applications
by Leonel Pereira
Molecules 2026, 31(4), 615; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31040615 - 10 Feb 2026
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Abstract
The Portuguese Atlantic coast harbors a remarkably diverse macroalgal flora, shaped by the intersection of Lusitanian, Mediterranean, and boreal biogeographic influences. This diversity is reflected in the rich repertoire of secondary metabolites produced by local seaweeds, including halogenated compounds, terpenoids, phlorotannins, mycosporine like [...] Read more.
The Portuguese Atlantic coast harbors a remarkably diverse macroalgal flora, shaped by the intersection of Lusitanian, Mediterranean, and boreal biogeographic influences. This diversity is reflected in the rich repertoire of secondary metabolites produced by local seaweeds, including halogenated compounds, terpenoids, phlorotannins, mycosporine like amino acids, sulfated polysaccharides, and unique phenolic structures. These metabolites exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifouling, antitumoral, and neuroprotective, positioning Portuguese seaweeds as promising sources of novel bioactive agents. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on the chemical diversity and biological properties of metabolites isolated from seaweeds along the Portuguese Atlantic coast. We examine species-specific metabolite profiles, ecological drivers of chemical variability, and advances in extraction, purification, and structural elucidation. Emerging applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and sustainable biomaterials are discussed, alongside the potential of seaweed derived compounds to support blue bioeconomy development. Finally, we identify research gaps and propose future directions for bioprospecting, metabolomics, and biotechnological exploitation of this underexplored marine resource. Full article
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