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Micromachines
Special Issues
Micro/Nanotechnologies for Liquid Biopsy
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Micro/Nanotechnologies for Liquid Biopsy

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E：Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9331

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jiyoon Bu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
Interests: BioMEMS; liquid biopsy systems; microfluidics; nanoengineering; drug delivery; nanodrugs for cancer immunotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The analysis of circulating tumor biomarkers, commonly referred to as “liquid biopsy”, has received a great deal of scientific and clinical interest as a diagnostic/prognostic tool for cancer, which allows the molecular profiling of a tumor via a simple blood draw. Mounting evidence from clinical studies indicates that liquid biopsy biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and microRNA, may serve as promising indicators for early disease characterization and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. 

This Special Issue in Micromachines aims to summarize and present analytical developments of liquid biopsy assays across multiple tumor types, with a special focus on the application of micro- and nanotechnologies to realize a significant improvement in the isolation and analysis of tumor biomarkers. Specifically, potential topics include but are not limited to microfluidic biosensors, nanostructured materials, and multifunctional micro/nanoparticles for high-sensitive detection of biomarkers. Original works or review papers demonstrating clinical evidence of the existing micro and nanotechnologies are also welcomed. This Special Issue will highlight the recent progress made in the field of micro/nanoengineering for the detection of tumor biomarkers, and will bring new insight into the successful translation of high in vitro efficiency of the new technologies to clinical analysis.

Dr. Jiyoon Bu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liquid biopsy
  • circulating tumor cells (CTCs)
  • exosomes
  • cell-free DNA (cfDNA)
  • circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)
  • microRNA (miRNA)
  • nanotechnology
  • microfabrication
  • nanoparticles
  • biosensors
  • microfluidics
  • and nanomaterials

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1941 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Block Using a Hydrogel Core-Mediated Method
by Tae Hee Lee, Young Jun Kim, Woo Sun Rou and Hyuk Soo Eun
Micromachines 2021, 12(9), 1128; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12091128 - 20 Sep 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6203
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely low-frequency cells in the bloodstream. As those cells have detached from the primary tumor tissues and it circulates throughout the whole body, they are considered as promising diagnostic biomarkers for clinical application. However, the analysis of CTC [...] Read more.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely low-frequency cells in the bloodstream. As those cells have detached from the primary tumor tissues and it circulates throughout the whole body, they are considered as promising diagnostic biomarkers for clinical application. However, the analysis of CTC is often restricted due to their rarity and heterogeneity, as well as their short-term presence. Here we proposed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CTC block method, in combination manner with the hydrogel core-mediated CTC accumulation and conventional paraffin tissue block preparation. The hydrogel core specifically captures and releases cancer cells with high efficiency with an immunoaffinity manner. An additional shell structure protects the isolated cancer cells during the FFPE CTC block preparation process. The fabricated FFPE CTC block was sectioned and cytopathologically investigated just the same way as the conventional tissue block. Our results demonstrate that rare cells such as CTCs can also be prepared for FFPE cell blocks and shows great promise for cytopathological CTC studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nanotechnologies for Liquid Biopsy)
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12 pages, 2703 KiB  
Article
The Specific Gravity-Free Method for the Isolation of Circulating Tumor KRAS Mutant DNA and Exosome in Colorectal Cancer
by Tae Hee Lee, Eunsook Park, Young-gon Goh, Han Byul Lee, Woo Sun Rou and Hyuk Soo Eun
Micromachines 2021, 12(8), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080987 - 20 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2314
Abstract
Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and exosome have been widely researched in the field of medical technology and diagnosis platforms. The purpose of our study was to improve the capturing properties of ctDNA and exosome, which involved combining two beads using approaches that [...] Read more.
Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and exosome have been widely researched in the field of medical technology and diagnosis platforms. The purpose of our study was to improve the capturing properties of ctDNA and exosome, which involved combining two beads using approaches that may provide a new method for cancer diagnoses. Methods: We present a dual isolation system including a polydopamine (PDA)–silica-coated alginate bead for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) capture and an anti-CD63 immobilized bead for exosome capture. We examined the ctDNA mutation in pre-operative plasma samples obtained from 91 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Results: The area under the curve (AUROC) of ctKRAS G12D mutation in the buffy coat was 0.718 (95% CI: 0.598−0.838; p = 0.001). Patients with CRC that had unmethylation of MLH1 and MSH2 showed significantly higher buffy coat ctKRAS G12D mutations, ascites ctKRAS G12D mutations, miR-31-5, and mixed scores than the patients with a methylation of MLH1 and MSH2. Conclusion: Our proposed alginate bead using the specific gravity-free method suggests that the screening of mutated ctKRAS DNA and miR-31-5 by liquid biopsy aids in identifying the patients, predicting a primary tumor, and monitoring in the early detection of a tumor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nanotechnologies for Liquid Biopsy)
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