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Micromachines
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Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition
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Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D3: 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 7990

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kun Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Metal Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
3. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: additive manufacturing of high-performance materials; intelligent mechanical processing integrated with high-throughput materials design; laser processing and manufacturing technologies; artificial Intelligence processing; machine learning methodology; materials computation and phase transformation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The burgeoning high energy/nano/micro advanced manufacturing provides a state-of-the-art technique for engineering. One of the major issues in recent decades is the development of advanced materials and manufacturing using their advantages to expand the scientific technologies and industrial applications. It needs tremendous dedicated works on advanced processes, manufacturing methodologies, post-processing technologies, assisted numerical simulation and analyses, which significantly affects the mechanical part quality. The advanced manufacturing technologies will push the engineering wheels of the high performance and functionality for the worldwide technologies.

Therefore, this special Issue would focus on recent works related to high energy/nano/micro advanced manufacturing technologies for engineering. Topics can include but are not limited to:

  1. High energy/nano/micro advanced manufacturing processes;
  2. Post-processing technology of mechanical parts;
  3. Functional/graded materials using advanced manufacturing methodologies;
  4. Modeling and numerical analyses in advanced manufacturing processes;
  5. Advanced detection, monitoring and intelligent control for manufacturing;

Prof. Dr. Kun Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high energy additive manufacturing (HEAM) processes
  • advanced materials by HEAM
  • performance and applications of HEAM
  • post-processing of HEAM parts
  • modeling and design of AM processes

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 7790 KiB  
Article
Installation Error Calibration Method for Redundant MEMS-IMU MWD
by Yin Qing, Lu Wang and Yu Zheng
Micromachines 2025, 16(4), 391; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16040391 - 28 Mar 2025
Viewed by 449
Abstract
For Measurement While Drilling (MWD), the redundant Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU) navigation system significantly enhances the reliability and accuracy of drill string attitude measurements. Such an enhancement enables precise control of the wellbore trajectory and enhances the overall quality of drilling [...] Read more.
For Measurement While Drilling (MWD), the redundant Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU) navigation system significantly enhances the reliability and accuracy of drill string attitude measurements. Such an enhancement enables precise control of the wellbore trajectory and enhances the overall quality of drilling operations. But installation errors of the redundant MEMS-IMUs still degrade the accuracy of drill string attitude measurements. It is essential to calibrate these errors to ensure measurement precision. Currently, the commonly used calibration method involves mounting the carrier on a horizontal plane and performing calibration through rotation. However, when the carrier rotates on the horizontal plane, the gravity acceleration component sensed by the horizontal axis of the IMU accelerometer in the carrier is very small, which leads to a low signal-to-noise ratio, so that the measured matrix obtained by the solution is dominated by noise. As a result, the accuracy of the installation is insufficient, and, finally, the effectiveness of the installation error compensation is reduced. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes a 45°-inclined six-position calibration method based on the selected hexagonal prism redundant structure for redundant MEMS-IMUs in MWD. Firstly, the compensation matrices and accelerometer measurement errors were analyzed, and the new calibration method was proposed; the carrier of the IMUs should be installed at an inclined position of 45°. Then, six measuring points were identified for the proposed calibration approach. Finally, simulation and laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results showed that the proposed method reduced installation errors by 40.4% compared with conventional methods. The experiments’ results demonstrated reductions of 83% and 68% in absolute measurement errors for the x and y axes, respectively. As a result, sensor accuracy after compensation improved by over 25% compared with traditional methods. The calibration method proposed by this study effectively improves the accuracy of redundant systems, providing a new approach for the precise measurement of downhole trajectories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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19 pages, 10522 KiB  
Article
The Strength of Ti-6AL-4V Investigated Using Micro-Pillars
by Rayan B. M. Ameen, Dilveen W. Mohammed, Yu-Lung Chiu and Ian P. Jones
Micromachines 2025, 16(3), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16030293 - 28 Feb 2025
Viewed by 567
Abstract
Focused Ion Beam (FIB) has been used to create single α-β colony micro-pillars from a polycrystalline commercial Ti-6Al-4V (Ti-64) sample. Each pillar was selected to have either a single alpha phase, a single beta phase, or two α lamella separated by a thin [...] Read more.
Focused Ion Beam (FIB) has been used to create single α-β colony micro-pillars from a polycrystalline commercial Ti-6Al-4V (Ti-64) sample. Each pillar was selected to have either a single alpha phase, a single beta phase, or two α lamella separated by a thin β phase filet. Then, utilizing a diamond flat tip as a compression platen, uniaxial micro-compression tests were performed on the single crystal α and β pillars as well as a tri-crystal α/β/α pillar using a nano-indenter. Then, utilizing a diamond flat tip as a compression platen, uniaxial micro-compression tests were performed on the single crystal alpha and beta pillars as well as a tri-crystal α/β/α pillar using a nano-indenter. Through the use of Electron Back Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) to choose the crystal orientation along the micro-pillar, three distinct unique slip systems have been selectively triggered by maximizing the Schmid factor for each system. The potential to localize a single crystal volume that can be characterized after deformation is one benefit of the micro-compression approach over traditional mechanical testing. The sample strengths compare well with published data. The mechanical properties of the α-β colonies and the single α and β phases have been compared in order to elucidate the role of the α/β interfaces in determining the critical resolved shear stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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19 pages, 4841 KiB  
Article
Design and Fabrication of MoCuOx Bimetallic Oxide Electrodes for High-Performance Micro-Supercapacitor by Electro-Spark Machining
by Ri Chen, Siqi Lv, Yunying Xu, Zicong Lin, Guoying Zhang, Jian Wang, Bocheng Wang, Wenxia Wang, Igor Zhitomirsky and Yong Yang
Micromachines 2025, 16(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16010007 - 25 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 985
Abstract
Transition metal oxides, distinguished by their high theoretical specific capacitance values, inexpensive cost, and low toxicity, have been extensively utilized as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. Nevertheless, their conductivity is generally insufficient to facilitate rapid electron transport at high rates. Therefore, research on [...] Read more.
Transition metal oxides, distinguished by their high theoretical specific capacitance values, inexpensive cost, and low toxicity, have been extensively utilized as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. Nevertheless, their conductivity is generally insufficient to facilitate rapid electron transport at high rates. Therefore, research on bimetallic oxide electrode materials has become a hot spot, especially in the field of micro-supercapacitors (MSC). Hence, this study presents the preparation of bimetallic oxide electrode materials via electro-spark machining (EM), which is efficient, convenient, green and non-polluting, as well as customizable. The fabricated copper-molybdenum bimetallic oxide (MoCuOx) device showed good electrochemical performance under the electrode system. It provided a high areal capacity of 50.2 mF cm−2 (scan rate: 2 mV s−1) with outstanding cycling retention of 94.9% even after 2000 cycles. This work opens a new window for fabricating bimetallic oxide materials in an efficient, environmental and customizable way for various electronics applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 8829 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Numerical Simulation and Repair Process of Laser Cladding Repair of Surface Cracks on Mechanical Parts
by Shuangyang Yu, Qi Chong, Jianzhu Zhou, Youwen Yang and Hua Li
Micromachines 2024, 15(12), 1428; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15121428 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 901
Abstract
This study focuses on the planetary gear reducer and employs ANSYS 13.0 software to perform thermo-mechanical coupled simulations for the laser cladding repair process, aiming to address gear failure caused by cracks. The optimal theoretical repair parameters were determined based on temperature and [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the planetary gear reducer and employs ANSYS 13.0 software to perform thermo-mechanical coupled simulations for the laser cladding repair process, aiming to address gear failure caused by cracks. The optimal theoretical repair parameters were determined based on temperature and stress field analyses, and performance testing of the cladding layer was conducted to validate the feasibility of the selected parameters. The results suggest that a laser power of 140 W and a scanning speed of 8 mm/s represent the optimal theoretical parameters for the laser cladding repair of the gear workpiece. Tensile strength tests revealed that the cladding layer’s maximum tensile strength reached 1312.80 MPa, which was 1.22 times higher than that of the substrate material. Additionally, the wear resistance tests indicated that the wear loss of the cladding layer under the optimized parameters reduced from 9.3 mg for the base material to 0.5 mg, demonstrating excellent wear resistance. Thus, the mechanical properties of the cladding layer were significantly enhanced compared to the base material under these theoretical process parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 2856 KiB  
Article
Lightweight Hotspot Detection Model Fusing SE and ECA Mechanisms
by Yanning Chen, Yanjiang Li, Bo Wu, Fang Liu, Yongfeng Deng, Xiaolong Jiang, Zebang Lin, Kun Ren and Dawei Gao
Micromachines 2024, 15(10), 1217; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15101217 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1193
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a lightweight lithography machine learning-based hotspot detection model that integrates the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism and the Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) mechanism. These mechanisms can adaptively adjust channel weights, significantly enhancing the model’s ability to extract relevant features [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose a lightweight lithography machine learning-based hotspot detection model that integrates the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism and the Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) mechanism. These mechanisms can adaptively adjust channel weights, significantly enhancing the model’s ability to extract relevant features of hotspots and non-hotspots through cross-channel interaction without dimensionality reduction. Our model extracts feature vectors through seven convolutional layers and four pooling layers, followed by three fully connected layers that map to the output, thereby simplifying the CNN network structure. Experimental results on our collected layout dataset and the ICCAD 2012 layout dataset demonstrate that our model is more lightweight. By evaluating overall accuracy, recall, and runtime, the comprehensive performance of our model is shown to exceed that of ConvNeXt, Swin transformer, and ResNet 50. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 10367 KiB  
Article
Statics Performance and Heat Dissipation Evaluation of Lattice Structures Prepared by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
by Jingfei Bai, Can Zhang, Ziche Li, Ruobing Liao, Zhengxing Men, Liang Wang, Chen Ji and Kun Li
Micromachines 2024, 15(7), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15070888 - 7 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1751
Abstract
This paper address the performance optimization of the battery heat sink module by analyzing the lattice structure of the battery heat sink module through in-depth modeling and simulation, and combining the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-forming technology with mechanical and corrosion resistance experiments [...] Read more.
This paper address the performance optimization of the battery heat sink module by analyzing the lattice structure of the battery heat sink module through in-depth modeling and simulation, and combining the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-forming technology with mechanical and corrosion resistance experiments for a comprehensive study. It is found that the introduction of the lattice skeleton significantly improves the thermal conductivity of the phase change material (PCM), realizing the efficient distribution and fast transfer of heat in the system. At the same time, the lattice skeleton makes the heat distribution in the heat exchanger more uniform, improves the utilization rate of the PCM, and helps to maintain the stability of the cell temperature. In addition, the melting of PCM in the lattice heat exchanger is more uniform, thus maximizing its latent heat capacity. In summary, by optimizing the lattice structure and introducing the lattice skeleton, this study successfully improves the performance of the battery heat dissipation system, which provides a strong guarantee for the high efficiency and stable operation of the battery, and provides new ideas and references for the development of the battery heat dissipation technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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24 pages, 9394 KiB  
Review
Research Progress and Current Status of Gas–Solid Two-Phase Flow Technology in the Direction of Laser Cladding
by Jianjun Peng, Erhao Zhou, Run Feng, Meng Xue, Junhua Wang, Zhidan Zhong and Xiangchen Ku
Micromachines 2024, 15(10), 1190; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15101190 - 26 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1050
Abstract
In the process of laser cladding, there are usually problems such as powder plugging and uneven delivery, which affect the quality of the final cladding layer. Therefore, powder convergence characteristics in laser cladding need to be further improved. Gas–solid two-phase flow technology has [...] Read more.
In the process of laser cladding, there are usually problems such as powder plugging and uneven delivery, which affect the quality of the final cladding layer. Therefore, powder convergence characteristics in laser cladding need to be further improved. Gas–solid two-phase flow technology has been widely used in the study of powder flow characteristics because it can precisely regulate the interaction between carrier air and powder flow. In this paper, we systematically review the current status of gas–solid two-phase flow in the field of laser cladding powder, deeply analyze the latest optimization progress of laser cladding nozzle design, and comprehensively explain the key progress of gas–solid two-phase flow technology in improving the uniformity and efficiency of powder field distribution. At the end of this paper, the research results are summarized and a series of prospective prospects are proposed, aiming to provide a valuable reference framework and directional guidance for the subsequent related research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Micro- and Nano-Manufacturing Technologies, 2nd Edition)
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