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Metals
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Sustainable Metal Waste Management: Biological Approaches
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Sustainable Metal Waste Management: Biological Approaches

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 6105

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Adarsh Kumar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
Interests: phytoremediation of metal polluted sites; sustainable waste management; heavy metal monitoring and assessment; plant-metal-microbe interaction; solid and hazardous waste management; biochar and organic manures; environmental bioremediation; abiotic stress tolerance in plant; metal toxicity in plant; plant physiology and biochemistry; carbon dynamics; health hazard assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Subodh Kumar Maiti

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826001, India
Interests: ecological restoration of coal mine degraded lands; metal mines; fly ash dykes; phytostabilization of metalliferous waste; toxic metal pollution; biochar; carbon sequestration; reclamation of tailings pond; biodiversity; environmental impact assessment (EIA); assessment of ecological goods and services in restored land; indicators for restoration success; assessment of ecological changes due to mining operation; water pollution; wastewater treatment; constructed wetland; grass-legume as an initial colonizer; mycorrhiza; tree species selection; green belt development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mining, smelting and refining produce metals along with a huge amount of waste dumps, slags, and tailing. Despite extracting a large proportion of useful metals, a significant amount still remains adhered to these wastes, which creates eco-toxicity. Scenarios show that the current economically mineable important metal stocks will be exhausted in 50–100 years, if a change in the existing management system does not occur. Given the urgency to remediate metal polluted soils all over the world, there is another great need to recover these metals from wastes by appropriate pioneering and sustainable waste management strategies.

Plants growing on metal containing waste dumps showed their excellence in tolerating multiple metals by accumulating them into different organs, which provides one of the best sustainable approaches for metal waste management. Moreover, microbes dwelling in synergy with plants play a vital role in enhanced metal accumulation, thus providing a better option for final metal recovery from wastes. Prior to that, a detailed knowledge of metal bioavailability and bioaccessibility, as well as its transfer from soil and translocation in different organs of plant, are essential in order to assess the actual danger/risk posed by these contaminants to the plants. The study of plant physiology and biochemistry of these plants could provide the toxic effect of these contaminants, adaptability and its suitability in metal waste management and recovery. Investigating these aspects requires the use of analytical techniques, which could enable one to solve the soil-metal-microbe high complexity with a spatial resolution, down to the micrometer- or even nanometer-scale.

The aim of this Special Issue is to address all the above reported aspects including, but not limited to: assessment of metal contamination in soil/waste/landfills systems using pioneering approaches, health risk assessment, the study of metal bioavailability and bioaccessibility, its extraction using plant and microbe-assisted enhanced recovery and the application of new sustainable metal waste management techniques for the long-term reduction of the threat posed by metal towards the health of the environment and human beings.

Dr. Adarsh Kumar
Prof. Dr. Maiti Subodh Kumar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mining and smelting
  • soil contamination and assessment
  • bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metal
  • metal risk assessment
  • metal recovery from landfills and contaminated sites by plants
  • sustainable metal waste management
  • phytoremediation
  • metal toxicity and tolerance in plant and its recovery
  • microbe assisted enhanced metal extraction by plants
  • organic and inorganic amendments
  • eco-restoration
  • flyash
  • biochar
  • plant physiology and biochemistry

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 657 KiB  
Article
Health Risk Assessment of Children Exposed to the Soil Containing Potentially Toxic Elements: A Case Study from Coal Mining Areas
by Deep Raj, Adarsh Kumar, Tripti and Subodh Kumar Maiti
Metals 2022, 12(11), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111795 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1355
Abstract
Coal mine activities lead to the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) to the surrounding areas. The present study concerns the health risk caused due to the exposure of PTEs (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb) in the children residing in the areas [...] Read more.
Coal mine activities lead to the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) to the surrounding areas. The present study concerns the health risk caused due to the exposure of PTEs (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb) in the children residing in the areas around coal mines. The PTEs content and bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) in the plant, viz., Albizia lebbeck and Madhuca longifolia growing on the nearby soils of the coal mine affected areas were also estimated. The results demonstrated that the hazard quotient (HQ) for Cr (0.211) in the roadside soil (RSS) was higher than other PTEs. The hazard index (HI) was also at the maximum in the RSS (0.553) followed by the core zone soil (0.541). In RSS, Cr contributed the maximum for the HI value (38%) which elucidated that Cr might cause health problem in the long term. The Cr concentration (5.49 mg kg−1) was also higher than other PTEs in the plant leaves of M. longifolia and was two-fold higher than A. lebbeck. Except Cd, the accumulation of other PTEs in the leaves of both the species were low, which could be due to their low availability in soils. The BAC for Cr in M longifolia was comparatively higher than A. lebbeck and was found at the maximum for Cd (0.29) in M longifolia. The outcomes of the study elucidated that although there is no severe health risk in children, the data indicated that the prolonged exposure to PTEs might lead to serious health issues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Metal Waste Management: Biological Approaches)
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15 pages, 1632 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Macro- and Microelement Composition of Fly Ash from 50-Year-Old Ash Dumps in the Middle Urals (Russia)
by Maria Dergacheva, Valentina Trunova, Olga Nekrasova, Tatyana Siromlya, Anton Uchaev, Natalya Bazhina, Tatyana Radchenko and Anna Betekhtina
Metals 2021, 11(10), 1589; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101589 - 6 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1499
Abstract
The paper considers the macro- and micro- element composition of two ash dumps in the Middle Urals, where meadow and forest communities have been spontaneously forming for 50 years, as well as the effect of the plants on the changing composition of the [...] Read more.
The paper considers the macro- and micro- element composition of two ash dumps in the Middle Urals, where meadow and forest communities have been spontaneously forming for 50 years, as well as the effect of the plants on the changing composition of the ash. Higher contents of Cu, Co, Sn, Ga, and Yb were found in the deep ash layers of both dumps, while in the upper 20-cm layer, the trace element composition depended on the influence of different plant communities. Higher contents of Sr, Cr, Ni, Sn, and Co were revealed under meadows, and Ba, Zr, and La were found under the forest. The levels of element accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of dominant plants were revealed. Increased content of Be, Ce, Ga, La, Sc, Y, and Yb was detected in areas where meadow plants were dominant and Zn and Ba in forest areas. The toxic elements Cd and Pb were highly accumulated in both communities, whereas Co was found only in meadows. The studied materials can serve as a base to assess the feasibility of processing and/or utilizing fly ash from ash dumps in the Middle Urals and similar ash dumps in other regions situated in the southern taiga. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Metal Waste Management: Biological Approaches)
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Review

Jump to: Research

36 pages, 509 KiB  
Review
Soil Pollution and Plant Efficiency Indices for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal(loid)s: Two-Decade Study (2002–2021)
by Adarsh Kumar, Tripti, Deep Raj, Subodh Kumar Maiti, Maria Maleva and Galina Borisova
Metals 2022, 12(8), 1330; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12081330 - 8 Aug 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2544
Abstract
This paper reviews research on phytoremediation (2002–2021), particularly for the estimation of plant efficiency and soil pollution indices, examining the extraction of metals from soil and plants growing under both artificial (spiked with specific metal) and natural conditions. From the analysis of >200 [...] Read more.
This paper reviews research on phytoremediation (2002–2021), particularly for the estimation of plant efficiency and soil pollution indices, examining the extraction of metals from soil and plants growing under both artificial (spiked with specific metal) and natural conditions. From the analysis of >200 published experimental results, it was found that contamination factor and geo-accumulation index as well as translocation and bioconcentration factors are the most important soil pollution and plant efficiency metrices, respectively, which are gaining importance to assess the level of metal pollution and its transfer from soil to plant to find a better metal clean-up strategy for phytoremediation. To access the metal concentration, it was found that the most widely accepted extractants to dissolve and extract the metals from the soil and plant were HNO3 and HClO4 (mainly in 5:1; v/v or 4:1; v/v), which are used both in natural and artificial metal contamination studies. Moreover, plants such as Pteris vittata, Monochoria korsakowi, Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis, Ricinus communis, and Siegesbeckia orientalis can act as hyperaccumulators under both natural and artificial experiments and can be directly implemented into the fields without checking their further efficiency in phytoremediation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Metal Waste Management: Biological Approaches)
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