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Metals
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Thermodynamic Studies in Low-Carbon Sustainable Metallurgical Processes
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Thermodynamic Studies in Low-Carbon Sustainable Metallurgical Processes

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2025) | Viewed by 1801

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chao Feng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Carbon Neutrality, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: clean steel low-carbon smelting new technology; CO2 resource utilization; recycling of solid waste as resources; mineralization mechanism of steel slag
Dr. Jie Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: new technologies for clean steel production; thermodynamic properties of metallurgical melts; physical and chemical aspects of clean utilization of solid waste resources; physical and chemical analysis of efficient utilization of vanadium and titanium resources
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

CO2 is a greenhouse gas and one of the culprits of global warming. In order to solve the global environmental crisis, reducing carbon dioxide emissions is urgent. Many carbon dioxide emissions often accompany many high-temperature metallurgical processes, such as iron making, aluminum electrolysis, and pyrometallurgical refining of crude copper. How to reduce carbon emissions is one of the key issues that need to be addressed in metallurgical processes.

In these metallurgical processes, thermodynamic properties have always been one of the core subjects, especially those of iron and steel metallurgy. Reducing carbon emissions requires thermodynamics as a theoretical guide. On the other hand, with the development of science and technology, the metallurgical industry continuously requires improving product quality and developing new products. It is increasingly urgent to study the thermodynamics involved in metallurgical processes.

This Special Issue includes but is not limited to research on thermodynamics for CO2 reduction or comprehensive utilization in metallurgical processes, clean steel production, efficient resource utilization, etc.

We expect scholars and researchers from academic and industrial circles worldwide to contribute to the Special Issue.

Dr. Jie Zhang
Dr. Chao Feng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metallurgical processe
  • thermodynamic properties
  • new ironmaking technology
  • clean steel production
  • efficient resource utilization
  • CO2 utilization in steelmaking
  • CO2 capture technology in steelmaking
  • low carbon technology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 6435 KiB  
Article
The Direct Carbonation Behavior of Steel Slag with CO2-Containing Water Vapor
by Yuewen Fan, Wanting Liang and Xiaojun Hu
Metals 2025, 15(3), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15030237 - 23 Feb 2025
Viewed by 591
Abstract
Steel slag, which is the industrial waste produced by the steel-making process, contains more than 4% unstable free calcium oxide, which limits its applications. The problem of CO2 emission also needs to be solved; steel slag carbonation can not only achieve CO [...] Read more.
Steel slag, which is the industrial waste produced by the steel-making process, contains more than 4% unstable free calcium oxide, which limits its applications. The problem of CO2 emission also needs to be solved; steel slag carbonation can not only achieve CO2 emission reduction, but also improve the stability of the steel slag. In this paper, the carbonation of steel slag at different temperatures and reaction times was investigated by combining mass balance analysis, XRD, and SEM observation. The results showed that, based on the thermodynamic analysis, a temperature of less than 1100 K is more appropriate for carbonation reactions. The carbonation of steel slag increases as the temperature increases within a certain range. Under the condition of the mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor as the carbonation atmosphere for 30 min, the carbonation efficiency at 973 K was shown to be better than that of 873 K; additionally, the carbonation ratio was higher, and the efficiency of further heating to 1073 K decreased. At 973 K, the effect of carbonate formation for 30 min was better than that of 15 min, and when the carbonation time was increased to 45 min, the carbonation efficiency decreased. Moreover, the carbonation process can make the microstructure of steel slag more compact and reduce the particle size. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamic Studies in Low-Carbon Sustainable Metallurgical Processes)
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13 pages, 1794 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamic Study on the Solubility of N in High Cr, Ni and Mo Content Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-O Melts
by Jie Zhang, Xinru Luo and Baijun Yan
Metals 2024, 14(12), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14121366 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 694
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the solubility of nitrogen in super or hyper duplex stainless steel, which is characterized by a very high Cr content, as well as the activity interaction parameters between N and other alloy elements. The [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study is to investigate the solubility of nitrogen in super or hyper duplex stainless steel, which is characterized by a very high Cr content, as well as the activity interaction parameters between N and other alloy elements. The chemical equilibrium method was employed in the present experiment. High Cr, Ni, and Mo content Fe−Cr−N−O and Fe−Cr−Ni−Mo−N−O melt are equilibrated at 1873 K under atmospheres of pure nitrogen and Ar/N2 gas mixture. The melts were placed in Al2O3 crucibles and coated with graphite crucibles. The experimental results showed that the solubility of N significantly increased with increasing Cr content, reaching over 1 wt pct at a Cr content of about 40 wt pct. In addition, the solubility of Cr increased slightly with a decrease in Ni content and an increase in Mo content. The activity interaction parameters were fitted using WIPF (Wagner’s Interaction Parameter Formalism), as shown as follows: eNCr=−0.07083, rNCr=+0.0005888, rNN=−0.00926, eNNi=+0.30885, rNNi=−0.03963, eNMo=−0.05882, rNMo=+0.00616; the comprehensive set of thermodynamic basic parameters obtained in this study can be effectively used to assess the N solubility in USSD with a Cr content exceeding 30 wt pct. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamic Studies in Low-Carbon Sustainable Metallurgical Processes)
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