Advances in Bioactive Compounds and Functional Foods

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 16 October 2026 | Viewed by 808

Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R., Unit of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Interests: secondary metabolites; polyphenols; plant metabolic engineering; functional foods
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to the wide diversity of bioactive compounds occurring in nature, and to their role in the development and design of functional foods.

Bioactive compounds encompass a wide range of chemically diverse molecules, including both primary and secondary metabolites derived from plant sources. In their native biological context, these compounds play essential roles in plant growth, development, reproduction, and defense mechanisms. Due to their natural occurrence in plant-based foods, they are also integral components of the human diet.

From a functional perspective, bioactive compounds exhibit a variety of physicochemical properties that underpin their biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-aging, and anticancer, among others. These properties have stimulated significant interest in their application within the food and nutraceutical sectors.

Functional foods enriched with bioactive compounds can be developed through multiple strategies. These include the extraction and recovery of target compounds from raw food matrices or agro-industrial by-products, followed by their incorporation into food systems as supplements, nutraceuticals, or fortified whole foods. Advanced formulation approaches—such as encapsulation techniques, nanotechnology-based delivery systems, microbial biotechnology—are increasingly employed to enhance the stability, bioavailability, and efficacy of these compounds.

In addition, the enrichment of foods in bioactive compounds can be achieved at the primary production level. Strategies such as biofortification, the application of agronomic practices aimed at eliciting secondary metabolite biosynthesis, varietal selection and breeding programs, as well as modern genetic and metabolic engineering approaches, can modulate specific biosynthetic pathways. These approaches ultimately contribute to the development of foods with enhanced nutritional, organoleptic, and health-promoting properties.

For this Special Issue, we welcome submissions addressing topics regarding the bioactive compounds, their isolation and characterization, plant biosynthesis and metabolic pathways, their role in biodiversity, or their application in functional foods, including studies aimed at elucidating their biological activities, mechanisms of action, and functional properties associated with their presence in food systems.

Dr. Aurelia Scarano
Dr. Teodoro Semeraro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioactive compounds
  • secondary metabolites
  • metabolic processes
  • functional foods
  • biodiversity
  • nutritional applications
  • biological activities

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

35 pages, 6240 KB  
Article
Phytochemical Elucidation and Biological Activity Spectrum of Rosmarinus officinalis L.: Mechanistic Insights into the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Effects of Carnosic Acid
by Mohamed A. Fareid, Gamal M. El-Sherbiny, Nancy M. Elafandy, Nagat E. Eltoum, Mohamed S. Othman, Ahmad S. El-Hawary, Amr M. Shehabeldine, Fatma A. Hamada and Amira Salah El-Din Youssef
Metabolites 2026, 16(7), 459; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16070459 - 30 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Background: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a medicinally important aromatic plant rich in bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse therapeutic properties. This study aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile of R. officinalis leaf extracts, isolate carnosic acid as a major bioactive diterpene, and evaluate [...] Read more.
Background: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a medicinally important aromatic plant rich in bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse therapeutic properties. This study aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile of R. officinalis leaf extracts, isolate carnosic acid as a major bioactive diterpene, and evaluate its biological activities. Methods: Leaf extracts were prepared using solvents of increasing polarity and analyzed by phytochemical screening and UHPLC/QTOF-MS. Carnosic acid was isolated by thin-layer chromatography and assessed for antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiproliferative activities using in vitro assays. Expression of apoptosis-related genes was also investigated. Results: Methanolic and ethanolic extracts exhibited the highest abundance of phenolic compounds and secondary metabolites, whereas the hexane extract showed lower phytochemical content. UHPLC/QTOF-MS identified seven major metabolites, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and abietane-type diterpenes. Purified carnosic acid demonstrated potent antibacterial activity (MIC: 10–23 μg/mL) and inhibited biofilm formation by up to 90%. Strong antioxidant activity was observed, with DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging IC50 values of 125 and 130 μg/mL, respectively. The compound also exhibited notable anti-inflammatory activity and markedly inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Furthermore, carnosic acid exhibited dose-dependent antiproliferative activity against MCF-7, HepG2, and MCF-10A cells, reducing cell viability to 10.8%, 16.9%, and 70.4 ± 1.8%, respectively, at 250 μg/mL, with corresponding IC50 values of 28.3, 37.8, and >250 μg/mL, respectively. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of BAX and downregulation of BCL2, indicating activation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Conclusions:R. officinalis leaves represent a valuable source of multifunctional phytochemicals, particularly carnosic acid. Its broad-spectrum biological activities and apoptosis-inducing potential support its promising application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biomedical fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bioactive Compounds and Functional Foods)
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