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Photonic Materials for Optical Waveguide Application

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2022) | Viewed by 6515

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Power Engineering, Photonics and Lightning Technology, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
Interests: polymeric optical fibers; fiber sensors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue “Photonic Materials for Optical Waveguide Application” will cover advances in photonic materials science, synthesis, structural and optical characterization of different types of photonic materials, and optical waveguides.

Optical waveguides (both planar and optical fibers) have attracted great attention in the recent past from both a fundamental and applied research point of view. The development of lasers, amplifiers, and broadband sources of amplified spontaneous emission is closely connected with research on new photonic materials and the construction of novel optical waveguides doped with luminescent centers like rare earth ions and organic dyes. On the other hand, the construction of photonic crystal fibers for supercontinuum and sensing applications, plasmonic materials, and waveguides are still hot scientific topics. Moreover, new materials require novel waveguide fabrication methods, e.g., 3D printing, laser writing, etc.

This Special Issue will showcase the latest developments in novel photonic materials such as glasses, glass ceramics, ceramics, polymers, optical planar waveguides, and optical fibers along with their fabrication, characterization, optical properties, and applications and future directions in the field.

I would like to take this opportunity to invite contributions from experts in the field both in the form of original research papers as well as review articles.

Prof. Marcin Kochanowicz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Photonic materials
  • Optical waveguide
  • Optical fibers
  • Planar
  • Luminescence
  • Structural properties
  • Applications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 9504 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Fluorides (BaF2, MgF2, AlF3) on Structural and Luminescent Properties of Er3+-Doped Gallo-Germanate Glass
by Magdalena Leśniak, Gabriela Mach, Bartłomiej Starzyk, Karolina Sadowska, Tomasz Ragiń, Jacek Żmojda, Marcin Kochanowicz, Marta Kuwik, Piotr Miluski, Gloria Lesly Jimenez, Agata Baranowska, Jan Dorosz, Wojciech Pisarski, Joanna Pisarska, Zbigniew Olejniczak and Dominik Dorosz
Materials 2022, 15(15), 5230; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155230 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1905
Abstract
The effect of BaF2, MgF2, and AlF3 on the structural and luminescent properties of gallo-germanate glass (BGG) doped with erbium ions was investigated. A detailed analysis of infrared and Raman spectra shows that the local environment of erbium [...] Read more.
The effect of BaF2, MgF2, and AlF3 on the structural and luminescent properties of gallo-germanate glass (BGG) doped with erbium ions was investigated. A detailed analysis of infrared and Raman spectra shows that the local environment of erbium ions in the glass was influenced mainly by [GeO]4 and [GeO]6 units. Moreover, the highest number of non-bridging oxygens was found in the network of the BGG glass modified by MgF2. The 27Al MAS NMR spectrum of BGG glass with AlF3 suggests the presence of aluminum in tetra-, penta-, and octahedral coordination geometry. Therefore, the probability of the 4I13/24I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions increases in the BGG + MgF2 glass system. On the other hand, the luminescence spectra showed that the fluoride modifiers lead to an enhancement in the emission of each analyzed transition when different excitation sources are employed (808 nm and 980 nm). The analysis of energy transfer mechanisms shows that the fluoride compounds promote the emission intensity in different channels. These results represent a strong base for designing glasses with unique luminescent properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Materials for Optical Waveguide Application)
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11 pages, 3723 KiB  
Article
1 × 4 Wavelength Demultiplexer C-Band Using Cascaded Multimode Interference on SiN Buried Waveguide Structure
by Jonathan Menahem and Dror Malka
Materials 2022, 15(14), 5067; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15145067 - 21 Jul 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2419
Abstract
Back reflection losses are a key problem that limits the performances of optical communication systems that work on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology based on silicon (Si) Multimode Interference (MMI) waveguides. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel design for [...] Read more.
Back reflection losses are a key problem that limits the performances of optical communication systems that work on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology based on silicon (Si) Multimode Interference (MMI) waveguides. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel design for a 1 × 4 optical demultiplexer based on the MMI in silicon nitride (SiN) buried waveguide structure that operates at the C-band spectrum. The simulation results show that the proposed device can transmit four channels with a 10 nm spacing between them that work in the C-band with a low power loss range of 1.98–2.35 dB, large bandwidth of 7.68–8.08 nm, and good crosstalk of 20.9–23.6 dB. Thanks to the low refractive index of SiN, a very low back reflection of 40.57 dB is obtained without using a special angled MMI design, which is usually required, using Si MMI technology. Thus, this SiN demultiplexer MMI technology can be used in WDM technique for obtaining a high data bitrate alongside a low back reflection in optical communication systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Materials for Optical Waveguide Application)
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37 pages, 548 KiB  
Article
Analytical Methods for Causality Evaluation of Photonic Materials
by Tomasz P. Stefański, Jacek Gulgowski and Kosmas L. Tsakmakidis
Materials 2022, 15(4), 1536; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041536 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1382
Abstract
We comprehensively review several general methods and analytical tools used for causality evaluation of photonic materials. Our objective is to call to mind and then formulate, on a mathematically rigorous basis, a set of theorems which can answer the question whether a considered [...] Read more.
We comprehensively review several general methods and analytical tools used for causality evaluation of photonic materials. Our objective is to call to mind and then formulate, on a mathematically rigorous basis, a set of theorems which can answer the question whether a considered material model is causal or not. For this purpose, a set of various distributional theorems presented in literature is collected as the distributional version of the Titchmarsh theorem, allowing for evaluation of causality in complicated electromagnetic systems. Furthermore, we correct the existing material models with the use of distribution theory in order to obtain their causal formulations. In addition to the well-known Kramers–Krönig (K–K) relations, we overview four further methods which can be used to assess causality of given dispersion relations, when calculations of integrals involved in the K–K relations are challenging or even impossible. Depending on the given problem, optimal approaches allowing us to prove either the causality or lack thereof are pointed out. These methodologies should be useful for scientists and engineers analyzing causality problems in electrodynamics and optics, particularly with regard to photonic materials, when the involved mathematical distributions have to be invoked. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Materials for Optical Waveguide Application)
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