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Laser Micromachining of Materials for Biomedical Applications
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Laser Micromachining of Materials for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2024) | Viewed by 5361

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tsung-Yuan Kuo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
Interests: biomaterials; laser materials processing; welding technology; microstructure analysis of materials; mechanical property analysis of materials; plasma spraying; coating technology
Prof. Dr. Hong-Chuong Tran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Interests: laser powder bed fusion process; laser polishing; numerical modeling; additive manufacturing; ray tracing simulation; computational welding mechanics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser micromachining of materials has received a significant attention from both research communities and various industries in recent years due to its wide ranges of applications such as Metal Additive Manufacturing, laser polishing, laser hardening, in situ alloying, etc. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), which is a branch of Metal Additive Manufacturing,  produces parts layer by layer, utilizing a controlled laser beam to melt the metal powder layer in a specific scan path which is defined by slicing the geometry of the CAD file. Thus, it can produce almost any complex geometry efficiently, demonstrating strong potential in fabricating implants for biomedical application. Additionally, laser polishing has evolved significantly due to its strong potential in replacing mechanical polishing in improving the surface finishes of hard materials such as Ti6Al4V. Thus, laser micromachining technologies demonstrate a promising future in biomedical applications.

Besides the process itself, the application of biocompatible material in the laser micromachining process is also evolving and has become an attractive research area. Many researchers have utilized the laser-based coating process to deposit biocompatible material on a metal implant. For instance, in one of our recent works, composite coatings consisting of fluorapatite mixed with 20 wt% yttria (3 mol%) stabilized cubic phase zirconia (c-ZrO2, 3Y-TZP) or 20 wt% alumina (a-Al2O3) were deposited on Ti6Al4V substrates using a Nd:YAG laser cladding system. The interface morphology, phase composition, micro-hardness and biological properties of the two coatings were examined and compared, and the coated specimens had good vitro bioactivity.

This Special Issue aims to cover recent advances in the field of laser micromachining for bio-medical applications. The articles collected in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the application of metal 3D printing for biomedical implants, the mechanical and bio properties of a lattice structure for biomedical implants, bio-mimicry design, laser material processing for biomedical applications, computational laser material processing, biocompatible material, a laser-based biocompatible material process and metallic glasses for biomedical applications. Topics are also open for laser micromachining-based related research. 

Prof. Dr. Tsung-Yuan Kuo
Prof. Dr. Hong-Chuong Tran
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • laser materials processing
  • welding technology
  • microstructure analysis of materials
  • mechanical property analysis of materials
  • plasma spraying
  • coating technology
  • laser powder bed fusion process
  • laser polishing
  • numerical modeling
  • additive manufacturing
  • ray tracing simulation
  • computational welding mechanics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 6405 KiB  
Article
Combined Femtosecond Laser Glass Microprocessing for Liver-on-Chip Device Fabrication
by Agnė Butkutė, Tomas Jurkšas, Tomas Baravykas, Bettina Leber, Greta Merkininkaitė, Rugilė Žilėnaitė, Deividas Čereška, Aiste Gulla, Mindaugas Kvietkauskas, Kristina Marcinkevičiūtė, Peter Schemmer and Kęstutis Strupas
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2174; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062174 - 8 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2785
Abstract
Nowadays, lab-on-chip (LOC) devices are attracting more and more attention since they show vast prospects for various biomedical applications. Usually, an LOC is a small device that serves a single laboratory function. LOCs show massive potential for organ-on-chip (OOC) device manufacturing since they [...] Read more.
Nowadays, lab-on-chip (LOC) devices are attracting more and more attention since they show vast prospects for various biomedical applications. Usually, an LOC is a small device that serves a single laboratory function. LOCs show massive potential for organ-on-chip (OOC) device manufacturing since they could allow for research on the avoidance of various diseases or the avoidance of drug testing on animals or humans. However, this technology is still under development. The dominant technique for the fabrication of such devices is molding, which is very attractive and efficient for mass production, but has many drawbacks for prototyping. This article suggests a femtosecond laser microprocessing technique for the prototyping of an OOC-type device—a liver-on-chip. We demonstrate the production of liver-on-chip devices out of glass by using femtosecond laser-based selective laser etching (SLE) and laser welding techniques. The fabricated device was tested with HepG2(GS) liver cancer cells. During the test, HepG2(GS) cells proliferated in the chip, thus showing the potential of the suggested technique for further OOC development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Micromachining of Materials for Biomedical Applications)
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20 pages, 7726 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties of Titanium/Nano-Fluorapatite Parts Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
by Po-Kuan Wu, Wei-Ting Lin, Jia-Wei Lin, Hong-Chuong Tran, Tsung-Yuan Kuo, Chi-Sheng Chien, Vi-Long Vo and Ru-Li Lin
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1502; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041502 - 10 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1620
Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted great interest in recent years due to its ability to produce intricate parts beyond the capabilities of traditional manufacturing processes. L-PBF processed biomedical implants are usually made of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti) or its alloys. However, [...] Read more.
Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted great interest in recent years due to its ability to produce intricate parts beyond the capabilities of traditional manufacturing processes. L-PBF processed biomedical implants are usually made of commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti) or its alloys. However, both alloys are naturally bio-inert, and thus reduce the formation of apatite as implants are put into the human body. Accordingly, in an attempt to improve the bioactivity of the materials used for making orthopedic implants, the present study decomposed fluorapatite material (FA, (Ca10(PO4)6F2)) into the form of nano-powder and mixed this powder with CP-Ti powder in two different ratios (99%Ti + 1%FA (Ti-1%FA) and 98%Ti + 2%FA (Ti-2%FA)) to form powder material for the L-PBF process. Experimental trials were conducted to establish the optimal processing conditions (i.e., laser power, scanning speed and hatching space) of the L-PBF process for the two powder mixtures and the original CP-Ti powder with no FA addition. The optimal parameters were then used to produce tensile test specimens in order to evaluate the mechanical properties of the different samples. The hardness of the various samples was also examined by micro-Vickers hardness tests. The tensile strength of the Ti-1%FA sample (850 MPa) was found to be far higher than that of the CP-Ti sample (513 MPa). Furthermore, the yield strength of the Ti-1%FA sample (785 MPa) was also much higher than that of the CP-Ti sample (472 MPa). However, the elongation of the Ti-1%FA sample (6.27 %) was significantly lower than that of the CP-Ti sample (16.17%). Finally, the hardness values of the Ti-1%FA and Ti-2%FA samples were around 63.8% and 109.4%, respectively, higher than that of the CP-Ti sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Micromachining of Materials for Biomedical Applications)
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