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Electronic Textile Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Electronic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 12102

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tilak Dias

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Textiles Research Group, Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Bonington Building, Dryden Street, Nottingham NG1 4GG, UK
Interests: electronically functional yarn (E-yarn); advanced 3D knitting technology; active compression garments; fabric antennae; electronic textiles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Theodore Hughes-Riley

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Textiles Research Group, School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
Interests: electronic textiles; smart textiles; internet of things; energy-harvesting textiles; sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Electronic textiles (E-textiles) describe either textiles that have electronic functionality added to them, or that are textile structures constructed from conductive fibres, such as metals wires or conductive polymers. Given the ubiquity of textiles in society, E-textiles have found a variety of disparate application areas. To date, many have focussed on the development of apparel and wearable technical textiles (such as health monitoring devices). In these cases, the E-textile must has close contact with the user (often the skin), and the material must retain key properties for user comfort including drape, shear, and moisture transfer characteristics. The intended application will also inform the required durability characteristics, for example whether the E-textile needs to be washable. These requirements often dictate the method in which the electronics are integrated with the textile. Research has also been conducted into non-wearable technical textile, for example warp knitted antenna for satellite communication. Given the extensive use of textiles in technical applications, ranging from aerospace to construction, it is likely that this will be a key growth area for E-textiles in the near future.

This Special Issue on ‘Electronic Textile Materials’ will focus on the development, application, and testing of E-textiles and of new materials for use in the creation of E-textiles. We invite research articles, communications, and reviews on topics including, but not limited to:

  • Materials used to produce E-textiles
  • Novel fabrication technologies
  • E-textile manufacturing
  • E-textile material testing
  • Novel E-textile applications

 

Keywords

  • electronic textiles
  • E-textiles
  • smart textiles
  • technichal textiles
  • wearables
  • internet of things
  • material testing

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6607 KiB  
Article
Study on Electrochemical Performance of MnO@rGO/Carbon Fabric-Based Wearable Supercapacitors
by Qianlan Ke, Yuhui Zhang, Yuanheng Fu, Chenxi Yang, Fan Wu, Zhongxiu Li, Yi Wei and Kun Zhang
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4687; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134687 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1303
Abstract
In this work, we reported the electrochemical performance of a type of carbon fabric-based supercapacitor by coating MnOx@rGO nanohybrids on carbon fabric with a simple one-step hydrothermal method. We studied the mass ratio of MnOx to rGO on the electrochemical properties of the [...] Read more.
In this work, we reported the electrochemical performance of a type of carbon fabric-based supercapacitor by coating MnOx@rGO nanohybrids on carbon fabric with a simple one-step hydrothermal method. We studied the mass ratio of MnOx to rGO on the electrochemical properties of the carbon fabric-based supercapacitors. We found that as the mass ratio is 0.8:1 for MnO@rGO, the supercapacitor with a loading of 5.40 mg cm−2 of MnO@rGO nanohybrids on carbon fabric exhibits a specific capacitance of 831.25 mF cm−2 at 0.1 mA cm−2 current density. It also shows long-term cycling capacitance retention of 97.2% after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 0.4 mA cm−2. We speculate that the high electrochemical performance results from the strong interfacial bonding between the hierarchical architecture of MnO@rGO nanohybrids and carbon fabric. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electronic Textile Materials)
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17 pages, 16423 KiB  
Article
The Influence of the Washing Process on the Impedance of Textronic Radio Frequency Identification Transponder Antennas
by Magdalena Nizioł, Piotr Jankowski-Mihułowicz and Mariusz Węglarski
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4639; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134639 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1530
Abstract
Antennas dedicated to RFID systems created on textile substrates should maintain strictly defined parameters. During washing, the materials from which such antennas are made are exposed to mechanical and chemical exposure—degradation of the parameters characterizing those materials may occur, which in turn may [...] Read more.
Antennas dedicated to RFID systems created on textile substrates should maintain strictly defined parameters. During washing, the materials from which such antennas are made are exposed to mechanical and chemical exposure—degradation of the parameters characterizing those materials may occur, which in turn may lead to a change in the parameters of the antenna. For research purposes, four groups of model dipole antennas (sewn with two types of conductive threads on two fabrics) were created and then they were subjected to several washing processes. After each stage of the experiment, the impedance parameters of the demonstration antennas were measured using indirect measurements. Based on the obtained results, it was found that these parameters change their values during washing, and that this is influenced by a number of factors, e.g., shrinkage of the substrate fabric. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electronic Textile Materials)
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17 pages, 20756 KiB  
Article
The Design and Development of Woven Textile Solar Panels
by Neranga Abeywickrama, Matholo Kgatuke, Kalana Marasinghe, Mohamad Nour Nashed, Carlos Oliveira, Arash M. Shahidi, Tilak Dias and Theodore Hughes-Riley
Materials 2023, 16(11), 4129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16114129 - 1 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2917
Abstract
Over the past few years, alternative power supplies to either supplement or replace batteries for electronic textile and wearable applications have been sought, with the development of wearable solar energy harvesting systems gaining significant interest. In a previous publication the authors reported a [...] Read more.
Over the past few years, alternative power supplies to either supplement or replace batteries for electronic textile and wearable applications have been sought, with the development of wearable solar energy harvesting systems gaining significant interest. In a previous publication the authors reported a novel concept to craft a yarn capable of harvesting solar energy by embedding miniature solar cells within the fibers of a yarn (solar electronic yarns). The aim of this publication is to report the development of a large-area textile solar panel. This study first characterized the solar electronic yarns, and then analyzed the solar electronic yarns once woven into double cloth woven textiles; as part of this study, the effect of different numbers of covering warp yarns on the performance of the embedded solar cells was explored. Finally, a larger woven textile solar panel (510 mm × 270 mm) was constructed and tested under different light intensities. It was observed that a PMAX = 335.3 ± 22.4 mW of energy could be harvested on a sunny day (under 99,000 lux lighting conditions). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electronic Textile Materials)
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18 pages, 4644 KiB  
Article
The Design and Engineering of a Fall and Near-Fall Detection Electronic Textile
by Zahra Rahemtulla, Alexander Turner, Carlos Oliveira, Jake Kaner, Tilak Dias and Theodore Hughes-Riley
Materials 2023, 16(5), 1920; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051920 - 25 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3306
Abstract
Falls can be detrimental to the quality of life of older people, and therefore the ability to detect falls is beneficial, especially if the person is living alone and has injured themselves. In addition, detecting near falls (when a person is imbalanced or [...] Read more.
Falls can be detrimental to the quality of life of older people, and therefore the ability to detect falls is beneficial, especially if the person is living alone and has injured themselves. In addition, detecting near falls (when a person is imbalanced or stumbles) has the potential to prevent a fall from occurring. This work focused on the design and engineering of a wearable electronic textile device to monitor falls and near-falls and used a machine learning algorithm to assist in the interpretation of the data. A key driver behind the study was to create a comfortable device that people would be willing to wear. A pair of over-socks incorporating a single motion sensing electronic yarn each were designed. The over-socks were used in a trial involving 13 participants. The participants performed three types of activities of daily living (ADLs), three types of falls onto a crash mat, and one type of near-fall. The trail data was visually analyzed for patterns, and a machine learning algorithm was used to classify the data. The developed over-socks combined with the use of a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network have been shown to be able to differentiate between three different ADLs and three different falls with an accuracy of 85.7%, ADLs and falls with an accuracy of 99.4%, and ADLs, falls, and stumbles (near-falls) with an accuracy of 94.2%. In addition, results showed that the motion sensing E-yarn only needs to be present in one over-sock. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electronic Textile Materials)
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26 pages, 10453 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Textile Substrates on the Performance of Textronic RFID Transponders
by Piotr Jankowski-Mihułowicz, Mariusz Węglarski, Bartłomiej Wilczkiewicz, Mateusz Chamera and Grzegorz Laskowski
Materials 2022, 15(20), 7060; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207060 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of innovative textronic products are often related to the implementation of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Such devices contain components of wireless telecommunications systems, in which radiofrequency circuits should be designed taking into account not only the frequency band [...] Read more.
Recent advances in the development of innovative textronic products are often related to the implementation of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Such devices contain components of wireless telecommunications systems, in which radiofrequency circuits should be designed taking into account not only the frequency band or destined application, but also the dielectric properties of the materials. As is known from the theory of RFID systems, the dielectric permittivity and loss angle of the substrates significantly affect the performance of RFID transponders. Therefore, the knowledge on the variability of these parameters is highly important in the context of developing new solutions in textronic devices with the RFID interface. According to the plan of studies, at the beginning, the comprehensive characterization and determination of the dielectric parameters of various types of textile substrates were carried out. On this basis, the influence of fabrics on the performance of textronic RFID (RFIDtex) tags was characterized with numerical calculations. As the RFIDtex transponders proposed by the authors in the patent PL231291 have an outstanding design in which the antenna and the chip are located on physically separated substrates and are galvanically isolated, the special means had to be implemented when creating a numerical model. On the other hand, the great advantage of the developed construction was confirmed. Since the impedance at the chip’s terminals is primarily determined by the coupling system, the selected fabrics have relatively low impact on the efficiency of the RFIDtex transponder. Such an effect is impossible to achieve with classical designs of passive or semi-passive transponders. The correctness of the simulations was verified on the exemplary demonstrators, in threshold and rotation measurements performed at the laboratory stand. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electronic Textile Materials)
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