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Forming and Manufacturing Technology of High-Performance Gears
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Forming and Manufacturing Technology of High-Performance Gears

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2026 | Viewed by 1255

Editors

Dr. Wei Feng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
3. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Green Precision Material Forming, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: microstructure evolution; deformation laws for metal; high-temperature deformation behavior for material; gear forging
Prof. Dr. Xinghui Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: mechanical engineering; lightweight manufacturing; high-performance manufacturing; light alloy forming technology; multi-degree-of-freedom forming process
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gears are the core component of a transmission system, which is widely used in automotive, aerospace, nuclear energy, and other fields. Gear performance determines the reliability and service performance of equipment. In order to meet the escalating demands for precision, longevity, and efficiency under extreme operating conditions of transmission systems in automotive, aerospace, and other fields, it is necessary to change and innovate advanced high-performance forming manufacturing technology for gears. In order to deeply discuss the research progress of gear high-performance forming manufacturing technology and share cutting-edge research results, we are pleased to invite you to a Special Issue with the title 'Forming and Manufacturing Technology of High Performance Gears' for the open access journal Materials.

This Special Issue aims to create a high-level interdisciplinary, open, and comprehensive academic exchange platform for scientific and technological innovation and promote scientific and technological innovation, exchange, and cooperation in advanced gear manufacturing technology with a global perspective. This Special Issue also aims to bring together the latest cutting-edge scientific research results of high-performance manufacturing technology from global experts to jointly explore the future road of high-performance manufacturing technology and help the high-quality development of the gear industry.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: new generation gear materials, gear plastic-forming technology, gear heat treatment process, gear precision control, and so on.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Wei Feng
Prof. Dr. Xinghui Han
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gear materials
  • gear forging
  • performance improvement of gears
  • precision control of gears
  • heat treatment technology of gears
  • microstructure evolution
  • numerical simulation for gear forging

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 3933 KB  
Article
Analysis of Fatigue Property of the Aviation Gear Steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 During High-Temperature Carburizing and Quenching
by Wei Feng, Yifan Zhou, Yuhao Zhang, Ruikun Wang and Xinhao Zhao
Materials 2026, 19(10), 2151; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19102151 - 20 May 2026
Viewed by 301
Abstract
15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2, as a new type of low-carbon high-alloy aviation gear steel, has shown significant application potential in the transmission systems of aero engines due to its excellent high-temperature performance. In this paper, the aviation gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 was treated by a carburizing and [...] Read more.
15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2, as a new type of low-carbon high-alloy aviation gear steel, has shown significant application potential in the transmission systems of aero engines due to its excellent high-temperature performance. In this paper, the aviation gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 was treated by a carburizing and quenching process. The microstructure distributions of the carburized and quenched aviation gear steel at different austenitization temperatures (1020 °C, 1050 °C and 1080 °C) were analyzed by OM, SEM and EBSD. Subsequently, the axial tension–compressive fatigue tests (stress ratio R = −1) were carried out using a high-frequency fatigue testing machine after heat treatment at different austenitization temperatures, and the stress–number of cycles (S-N) curves were obtained by fitting the number of fatigue fracture cycles. The fracture morphologies were observed by SEM and the fracture mechanisms were analyzed. The research results show that the distribution of the microstructure and carbides exhibits gradient characteristics, and the carbide content decreases and the effective carburized layer depth decreases from 0.65 mm to 0.45 mm with increasing austenitization temperature, and the main carbide types are M23C6 and M7C3. The fatigue life of 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 gear steel decreases as the austenitization temperature increases. Within the selected temperature range of 1020 °C, 1050 °C, and 1080 °C in this study, the fitted fatigue strengths at a given fatigue life of 106 cycles are 192 MPa, 183 MPa, and 158 MPa, respectively. No obvious crack initiation site can be directly observed from the fracture morphologies of all specimens. Based on the characteristics of crack propagation, it is inferred that the crack source is located in the core or near-core region, and the cracks propagate outward from the core and the propagation rate accelerates with the increasing austenitization temperature, eventually fracturing in the carburized layer. The fracture mechanism of 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 gear steel at the austenitization temperatures of 1020 °C was a mixed mode of intergranular and cleavage brittle fracture, while at 1050 °C and 1080 °C, it was mainly brittle fracture accompanied by local ductile fracture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forming and Manufacturing Technology of High-Performance Gears)
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32 pages, 21740 KB  
Article
Structural and Technological Aspects of Improving the Accuracy of Worm Gears in the Processes of Design, Manufacturing, and Assembly
by Wojciech Kacalak, Jacek Ponomarenkow, Katarzyna Tandecka, Maciej Majewski and Zbigniew Budniak
Materials 2026, 19(9), 1712; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19091712 - 23 Apr 2026
Viewed by 407
Abstract
This paper discusses ways to improve the kinematic accuracy of worm gears in batch production. Worm gears are used in applications where high positioning accuracy, uniform motion and vibration damping is required. The paper focuses on three main methods: design changes, manufacturing process [...] Read more.
This paper discusses ways to improve the kinematic accuracy of worm gears in batch production. Worm gears are used in applications where high positioning accuracy, uniform motion and vibration damping is required. The paper focuses on three main methods: design changes, manufacturing process improvements and assembly optimization. Design changes aim to reduce dimensional and shape deviations of worm and worm wheel surfaces, with focus on the axially flexible worm design, which allows for minimizing backlash without disassembly. Manufacturing refinements, especially helical surface grinding, improve gear accuracy and durability. The developed algorithm for small batch production allows for selecting components based on specific criteria and thus improves overall production quality. With respect to optimization, the backlash ranges between 2 and 22 micrometers, meaning that its entire range is 20 micrometers. However, after optimizing, the backlash range falls between 7 and 10 micrometers, depending on the criterion for optimization, which amounts to about 50 to 65 percent of the initial range. The methods and algorithms are universal and can be used in small batch and large scale production. They bring economic benefits by reducing production costs and downtime through easy backlash adjustment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forming and Manufacturing Technology of High-Performance Gears)
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