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Materials
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Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion
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Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2023) | Viewed by 10357

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Igor Altman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Combustion Sciences and Propulsion Research Branch, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, 1 Administration Circle, China Lake, CA 93555, USA
Interests: combustion synthesis of nanomaterials; optical diagnostics in flames; energetic combustion; radiative and conductive heat transfer in inhomogeneous media; transport properties of solids

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flame-synthesized nanomaterials have drawn enormous interest due to the unique properties that make them attractive for different applications in emerging technologies. The Special Issue “Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion” is devoted to novel experimental and application studies of nanomaterials produced by combustion. Theoretical studies that may provide guidance on how to tune material properties are also welcome. Combining all these new research articles in this Special Issue will further stimulate community interest and accelerate the development of new functional nanomaterials using a scalable technique.

The nanomaterials of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Oxide nanoparticles
  • Nanocarbons
  • Metal/alloy nanoparticles

Dr. Igor Altman
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flame synthesis
  • nanoparticle application
  • material characterization

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3869 KiB  
Article
Sponge-like CoNi Catalysts Synthesized by Combustion of Reactive Solutions: Stability and Performance for CO2 Hydrogenation
by Nikolay Evdokimenko, Zhanna Yermekova, Sergey Roslyakov, Olga Tkachenko, Gennady Kapustin, Denis Bindiug, Alexander Kustov and Alexander S. Mukasyan
Materials 2022, 15(15), 5129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155129 - 23 Jul 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3228
Abstract
Active and stable catalysts are essential for effective hydrogenation of gaseous CO2 into valuable chemicals. This work focuses on the structural and catalytic features of single metals, i.e., Co and Ni, as well as bimetallic CoNi alloy catalysts synthesized via combustion of [...] Read more.
Active and stable catalysts are essential for effective hydrogenation of gaseous CO2 into valuable chemicals. This work focuses on the structural and catalytic features of single metals, i.e., Co and Ni, as well as bimetallic CoNi alloy catalysts synthesized via combustion of reactive sol-gels. Different characterization methods were used for studying the relationships between the structure, composition, and catalytic activity of the fabricated materials. All catalysts exhibited highly porous sponge-like microstructure. The outermost surfaces of the CoNi alloys were more saturated with Co, while a stoichiometric Co/Ni ratio was observed for the particle’s bulk. Catalytic properties of the as-synthesized powders were studied in the CO2 hydrogenation reaction at 300 °C for over 80 h of time on stream. All the catalysts demonstrated exceptional selectivity with respect to CH4 formation. However, the combination of elemental Co and Ni in a single phase resulted in a synergistic effect in bulk alloy catalysts, with activity twofold to threefold that of single-metal catalysts. The activity and stability of the CoNi3 catalyst were higher than those previously reported for Ni-based catalysts. The reasons for this behavior are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion)
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7 pages, 3490 KiB  
Article
Nanoparticle Generation in Glowing Wire Generator: Insight into Nucleation Peculiarities
by Elena Fomenko, Igor Altman, Lucija Boskovic and Igor E. Agranovski
Materials 2021, 14(24), 7775; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247775 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2207
Abstract
The paper studies nanoparticle formation in a glowing wire generator (GWG), in which the gas carrier flows around heated metal wire, producing aerosols from a vapor released from the surface. The device has been customized, enabling the use of a double-wire in different [...] Read more.
The paper studies nanoparticle formation in a glowing wire generator (GWG), in which the gas carrier flows around heated metal wire, producing aerosols from a vapor released from the surface. The device has been customized, enabling the use of a double-wire in different orientations in regard to the gas flow. Such alterations provided different effective distances between wires enabling investigation of their mutual influence. Concentration of particles produced in the GWG at different parameters (applied voltage and a gas flow) was carefully measured and analysed. Different regimes of a nanoparticle nucleation were identified that resulted from the applied voltage variation and the gas flow direction. In particular, independent nucleation of nanoparticles on both parts of the wire occurred in the wire plane’s configuration perpendicular to the gas flow, whilst dependent nucleation of nanoparticles was observed at a certain specific set of parameters in the configuration, in which the wire plane was parallel to the gas flow. Two corresponding functions were introduced in order to quantify those nucleation regimes and they tend to zero when either independent or dependent nucleation occur. The peculiarities found ought to be considered when designing the multi-wire GWGs in order to further extend the device’s range for industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion)
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Review

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35 pages, 5194 KiB  
Review
Flame Synthesis of Carbon and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Flame Types, Effects of Combustion Parameters on Properties and Measurement Methods
by Raul Serrano-Bayona, Carson Chu, Peng Liu and William L. Roberts
Materials 2023, 16(3), 1192; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031192 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4124
Abstract
Carbon and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NP) are currently synthesized worldwide for various applications in the solar-energy, optical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries, among many others. Gas phase methods comprise flame synthesis and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), which provide high efficiency, low cost, and the possibility [...] Read more.
Carbon and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NP) are currently synthesized worldwide for various applications in the solar-energy, optical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries, among many others. Gas phase methods comprise flame synthesis and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), which provide high efficiency, low cost, and the possibility of large-scale applications. The variation of combustion operation parameters exerts significant effects on the properties of the NPs. An analysis of the latest research results relevant to NP flame synthesis can provide new insight into the optimization of these methods and the development of these techniques for a large scale. This review offers insight into the current status of flame synthesis for carbon and metal-oxide NPs—specifically containing analysis and comparison of the most common carbon and metal-oxide NP production techniques. The burner configurations used at the laboratory scale and large scale are also discussed, followed by the assessment of the influence of combustion parameters on the properties of NPs. Finally, the features of the measurement techniques applied for determining NP properties were described. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Properties of Nanoparticles in Flame/Combustion)
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