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Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys
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Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 7624

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Weimin Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
Interests: metallic glasses; nano metallic alloys; medium/high-entropy alloys
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ki Buem Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
Interests: metallic glasses; medium/high-entropy alloys; nano metallic alloys
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on new metallic alloys has primarily focused on glassy, nanocrystalline and medium/high-entropy alloys according to order and entropy tuning techniques. Metallic glassy materials have a unique microstructure: long-range atomic disorder and short-range order. Hence, they are thermodynamically metastable, having special functional properties such as high elastic moduli and strength, high magnetization, low coercivity, and high catalytic capabilities. Nanocrystalline materials are closely related to amorphous materials in terms of processing and service conditions. Recently， besides ordering in the alloys, entropy has gained the more and more attention. Medium/high-entropy alloys have achieved increasingly superior strength and other properties as a result of research by metallurgical scientists and engineers. Their characterization, technologies, and applications have long been of interest to metallurgists, physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers.

Prof. Dr. Weimin Wang
Dr. Kibuem Kim
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metallic glasses
  • medium/high-entropy alloys
  • nano metallic alloys
  • mechanical properties
  • corrosion
  • function

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 7020 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Er and Zr on the Microstructure and Durability of the Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg Alloy Containing 7 wt.% of Mg
by Kamila Limanówka, Sonia Boczkal, Monika Mitka, Elżbieta Szymańska, Joanna Hrabia-Wiśnios, Dawid Kapinos, Bogusław Augustyn, Renata Skrzyńska, Łukasz Grzebinoga, Paweł Czaja, Anna Góral and Tomasz Czeppe
Materials 2024, 17(21), 5295; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215295 - 31 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 789
Abstract
Al-Mg alloys are characterized by permanent solid solution hardening and can additionally be work-hardened. The high mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content obtained after plastic deformation processes decrease over time. The addition of minor alloying elements like Er or Zr [...] Read more.
Al-Mg alloys are characterized by permanent solid solution hardening and can additionally be work-hardened. The high mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content obtained after plastic deformation processes decrease over time. The addition of minor alloying elements like Er or Zr is an alternative method to improve the durability of mechanical properties and increase the strength of Al-Mg alloys due to densely and evenly distributed dispersoids being formed. In this paper, Al-Mg alloys with above-standard Mg content (7 wt.%) and Zr and Er micro-alloying elements and their influence on the microstructure and durability of the mechanical properties were examined. The cast ingots of AlMg7 alloys were characterized by a smooth surface without cracks. The plastic deformation process in a static compression test resulted in an about 60 HBW increase in the Brinell hardness of all the deformed alloys relative to casting. It was revealed that the addition of Er and Zr significantly improved the mechanical properties and durability of the mechanical properties of the Al-Mg after annealing. The addition of Er or Zr slightly restrained the decrease in the Brinell hardness after annealing but did not inhibit it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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13 pages, 7257 KiB  
Article
Effect of Laser Power on Microstructure and Properties of WC-12Co Composite Coatings Deposited by Laser-Based Directed Energy Deposition
by Wen Li, Husen Yang, Yichun Liu, Fengxian Li, Jianhong Yi and Jürgen Eckert
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4215; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174215 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 965
Abstract
During the laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB) processing, a WC-12Co composite coating with high hardness and strong wear resistance was successfully prepared on a 316L stainless steel substrate by adopting a high-precision coaxial powder feeding system using a spherical WC-12Co composite powder, which [...] Read more.
During the laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB) processing, a WC-12Co composite coating with high hardness and strong wear resistance was successfully prepared on a 316L stainless steel substrate by adopting a high-precision coaxial powder feeding system using a spherical WC-12Co composite powder, which showed a large number of dendritic carbides and herringbone planar crystals on the substrate-binding interface. The influences of laser power on microstructural and mechanical properties (e.g., hardness, friction resistance) of WC-12Co composite surfaces were investigated. The results show that laser power has a significant effect on determining the degree of Co phase melting around the WC particles and the adhesion strength between the matrix and the coating. Lower laser power does not meet the melting requirements of WC particles, thus weakening the molding quality of the composite coating. At high laser power, it is possible to dissolve the WC particles and melt the metal powder between the particles, thus improving the material properties. The laser power increased from 700 W to 1000 W and the average hardness of the coating surface gradually increased from 1166.33 HV to 1395.70 HV, which is about 4–5 times higher than the average hardness of the substrate (about 281.76 HV). In addition, the coatings deposited at 1000 W showed better wear resistance. This work shows that the processing parameters during laser-directed energy deposition can be optimized to prepare WC-12Co composite coatings with excellent mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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11 pages, 6319 KiB  
Article
Microstructural Evolution of Quaternary AlCoCrNi High-Entropy Alloys during Heat Treatment
by Elyorjon Jumaev, Hae-Jin Park, Muhammad Aoun Abbas, Dilshodbek Yusupov, Sung-Hwan Hong and Ki-Buem Kim
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3617; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143617 - 22 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1382
Abstract
This study examines the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of quaternary AlCoCrNi high-entropy alloys after heat treatment at 873 K for 72 and 192 h. The changes in nanostructure and phase transformation based on the heat treatment duration were as follows: B2 dendrite [...] Read more.
This study examines the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of quaternary AlCoCrNi high-entropy alloys after heat treatment at 873 K for 72 and 192 h. The changes in nanostructure and phase transformation based on the heat treatment duration were as follows: B2 dendrite + BCC interdendrite and sigma phases after 72 h; B2 dendrite and interdendritic sigma phases + BCC after 192 h. After annealing, the morphology of the dendritic region shifted from spherical to needle-like, and the interdendritic region transformed from a spinodal-like to a plate-like morphology. Additionally, a phase transformation was observed in the dendritic regions of the annealed alloys at the nano-scale. The presence of the sigma phase in AlCoCrNi high-entropy alloys significantly improved the yield strength to around 1172 MPa; nevertheless, it decreased the compressive strain rapidly to 0.62%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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9 pages, 3880 KiB  
Article
Effect of Interlayer on Flatness and Adhesion of Aerosol-Deposited Yttrium Oxide Coating
by Ki-Seong Lim, Tae-Soo Jang, Jae-hyeon Jeong, Sung-Hwan Hong and Joo Jin
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3533; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143533 - 17 Jul 2024
Viewed by 997
Abstract
In this study, Y2O3 coating is used as an interlayer between Al2O3 substrate and a ceramic coating; this is in order to minimize the morphological distortion produced by a single deposition of the ceramic coating on the [...] Read more.
In this study, Y2O3 coating is used as an interlayer between Al2O3 substrate and a ceramic coating; this is in order to minimize the morphological distortion produced by a single deposition of the ceramic coating on the Al2O3 substrate, which is performed using the aerosol method. The interlayer coating, which comprises the Y2O3 phase, is deposited on the Al2O3 substrate using an e-beam evaporator. The crystal structure of the powder that was used to process the coating is identified as cubic Y2O3. In contrast, the crystal structure of the top-coating layer and interlayer indicates the presence of two kinds of Y2O3 phases, which possess cubic and monoclinic structures. The single Y2O3 coating without an interlayer exhibits microcracks around the interface between the coating and the substrate, which can be attributed to the stress that occurs during aerosol deposition. In contrast, no cracks are found in the aerosol-deposited Y2O3 coating and interlayer, which show a desirable microstructure. The single Y2O3 coating and the Y2O3 coating with an interlayer exhibit similar hardness and elastic modulus values. Nevertheless, the Y2O3 coating with an interlayer exhibits a higher level of adhesion than the single Y2O3 coating, with a value of 14.8 N compared to 10.2 N. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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20 pages, 13744 KiB  
Article
Research on Alloying Elements’ Influence on CuETP-Grade Copper’s Mechanical and Electrical Properties
by Krystian Franczak, Michał Sadzikowski, Paweł Kwaśniewski, Grzegorz Kiesiewicz, Wojciech Ściężor and Szymon Kordaszewski
Materials 2024, 17(12), 3020; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17123020 - 20 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1331
Abstract
The continuous industrial development that occurs worldwide generates the need to develop new materials with increasingly higher functional properties. This need also applies to the basic material for electricity purposes, which is copper. In this article, we carry out studies on the influence [...] Read more.
The continuous industrial development that occurs worldwide generates the need to develop new materials with increasingly higher functional properties. This need also applies to the basic material for electricity purposes, which is copper. In this article, we carry out studies on the influence of various alloying elements such as Mg, In, Si, Nb, Hf, Sb, Ni, Al, Fe, Zr, Cr, Zn, P, Ag, Sc, Pb, Sn, Co, Ti, Mn, Te and Bi on the electrical and mechanical properties of ETP-grade copper. The research involves producing copper alloys using the gravity die casting method with alloy additions of 0.1 wt.%, 0.3 wt.% and 0.5 wt.%. All resulting materials are cold-worked to produce wires, which are subsequently homogenized and annealed. The materials produced in this manner undergo testing to determine their specific electrical conductivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and Vickers hardness (HV10 scale). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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19 pages, 6414 KiB  
Article
Studies on the Cooperative Influence of Cr and Mo on the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Super Austenitic Stainless Steels
by Bingbing Li, Yuping Lang, Haitao Chen, Huapeng Qu, Hanqiu Feng, Xu Sun and Zhiling Tian
Materials 2023, 16(23), 7397; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16237397 - 28 Nov 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1505
Abstract
The effects of varying Cr and Mo concentrations on the pitting corrosion resistance of super austenitic stainless steels in Cl− solutions were investigated using a combination of immersion experiments, electrochemical measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles computational simulations. The surface characteristics, impedance, [...] Read more.
The effects of varying Cr and Mo concentrations on the pitting corrosion resistance of super austenitic stainless steels in Cl− solutions were investigated using a combination of immersion experiments, electrochemical measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles computational simulations. The surface characteristics, impedance, and defect concentration of the passive film were changed, and this eventually resulted in a decrease in the number of pitting pits. Due to a decrease in active sites within the passive film, a delayed beginning of pitting, and the combined effect of MoO42− inhibitors, it was discovered that an increasing Mo concentration slows the rate of pitting extension, resulting in reduced maximum pitting area and depth. Additionally, Mo increased the adsorption energy of nearby atoms, whereas Cr raised the adsorption energy of itself. Interestingly, compared with individual doping, co-doping of Cr and Mo increased work function and adsorption energy, indicating a synergistic impact in enhancing resistance to Cl− corrosion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization, Properties, and Applications of New Metallic Alloys)
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