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Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings
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Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2025) | Viewed by 8605

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mi Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
Interests: high-temperature materials; high-entropy alloys; high-temperature corrossion of metals; additive manufacturing
Dr. Yong Deng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
Interests: high-temperature solid mechanics; thermal protective material; ceramic matrix composites; mechanical properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent decades have witnessed rapid development in high-temperature industries such as energy conversion systems of land-based power plants or nuclear operations as well as propulsion systems of aircraft or rockets. The prosperity of these state-of-the-art technologies largely relies on the heat resistance of hot-section structural materials that can be operated at elevated temperatures. There are a variety of high-temperature materials such as metals, intermetallic compounds, and ceramics as well as their composites. These materials need to be “strong” enough to withstand heat flux, radiation, corrosive atmosphere and, of course, complex stress. However, one should recognize that the pursuit of higher thermal efficiency never stops acting as the driving force for increasing the operating temperature of the high-temperature components. As a result, a series of advanced ultrahigh-temperature materials have stepped onto the stage. Key questions to be addressed include: why do these materials work at high temperatures? What happens to the microstructure of these materials when serving in such severe conditions? How do we design novel high-temperature or ultrahigh-temperature materials? You are welcome to contribute to this Special Issue on “Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings”, which is dedicated to revealing the mysteries of these materials. The topics of interest include (but are not limited to):

  • Alloy design for high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • Microstructure of high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • Fabrication of high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • Mechanical properties of high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • Corrosion resistance of high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • Failure of high-temperature materials and coatings;
  • New insight into high-temperature materials and coatings.

Dr. Mi Zhao
Dr. Yong Deng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-temperature materials and coatings
  • alloy design
  • microstrucure
  • mechanical properties
  • corrosion
  • fabrication process

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3557 KiB  
Article
Low-Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction of Titanium-Based Intermetallic Alloys Using Machine Learning and Finite Element Analysis
by Qiwen Xu, Guoqian Song, Xingwu Li, Yanju Wang, Aixue Sha, Yuanyuan Wei and Wenfeng Hao
Materials 2025, 18(8), 1887; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081887 - 21 Apr 2025
Viewed by 211
Abstract
This study explores the low-cycle fatigue characteristics of three structural components fabricated from Ti2AlNb-based alloys utilizing Seeger’s fatigue life theory and an improved Lemaitre damage evolution model. The validity and accuracy of the simulations based on these theoretical methods are verified [...] Read more.
This study explores the low-cycle fatigue characteristics of three structural components fabricated from Ti2AlNb-based alloys utilizing Seeger’s fatigue life theory and an improved Lemaitre damage evolution model. The validity and accuracy of the simulations based on these theoretical methods are verified by experimental fatigue life tests conducted at high temperatures. Additionally, the potential of employing long short-term memory (LSTM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and partial least squares (PLS) algorithms to predict the high-temperature, low-cycle fatigue life of Ti2AlNb alloy components is examined. Comparative analyses of the training effectiveness and practical applicability of these machine learning approaches are conducted, demonstrating that ELM exhibits superior predictive capability. This investigation thus provides a practical and efficient predictive methodology for assessing the low-cycle fatigue life of structural components composed of Ti2AlNb-based alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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20 pages, 14508 KiB  
Article
Effects of Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Rene 41 Alloy and the Strengthening Mechanisms
by Xianguang Zhang, Haoran Han, Pingmei Tang, Yang Zhou, Dongping Xiao, Jianhui Fu, Jiajun Chen, Shouli Feng and Jian Zhang
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1579; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071579 - 31 Mar 2025
Viewed by 162
Abstract
Aging treatment plays a significant role in altering the mechanical properties of superalloys; however, the influences of aging on the mechanical performance of Rene 41 alloy and its strengthening mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effects of aging on the microstructure and [...] Read more.
Aging treatment plays a significant role in altering the mechanical properties of superalloys; however, the influences of aging on the mechanical performance of Rene 41 alloy and its strengthening mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effects of aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of forged Rene 41 alloy were systematically investigated through experimental and theoretical analyses. It was found that aging conditions have significant influences on the grain structure, γ′ characteristics, and tensile properties of the alloy. The size of secondary γ′ increased from 20 nm to 69 nm with elevated aging temperature and prolonged aging time, while their volume fraction initially increased and then decreased. Notably, the γ′ maintained a coherent interface with the matrix even after high-temperature aging at 860 °C. An optimal strength–ductility balance was achieved by aging at 760 °C for 16 h. An experimentally verified strengthening model was used for understanding the strengthening mechanisms of the alloy aging at varying conditions. Precipitation strengthening was identified as the dominant strengthening mechanism, substantially contributing to the overall yield strength. The precipitation strengthening mainly belongs to the strong pair-coupling cutting mechanism rather than the Orowan bypass mechanism. This study concludes that a rational aging treatment regime can significantly optimize the comprehensive properties of Rene 41 alloy, providing theoretical support for its application in aerospace component manufacturing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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16 pages, 5033 KiB  
Article
Dual-Action Calcium Monoaluminate Enabled Room-Temperature Curing of Inorganic Phosphate-Based High-Temperature Adhesive
by Zhuo Dong, Lei Zhang, Ke Yang, Zhenggang Fang, Yaru Ni, Yang Li and Chunhua Lu
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4542; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184542 - 15 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1262
Abstract
High-temperature adhesives find extensive application in diverse domains, encompassing repairs, production processes, and material joining. However, achieving their curing at ambient temperatures remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent requirement of elevated temperatures, typically exceeding 500 °C, for the curing reaction. To [...] Read more.
High-temperature adhesives find extensive application in diverse domains, encompassing repairs, production processes, and material joining. However, achieving their curing at ambient temperatures remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent requirement of elevated temperatures, typically exceeding 500 °C, for the curing reaction. To overcome this limitation, in this study, we developed a distinctive inorganic phosphate-based composite adhesive by incorporating dual-functional calcium monoaluminate (CA) into a traditional adhesive blend comprising Al(H2PO4)3 and MgO. This distinctive approach significantly diminishes the curing temperature, enabling it to occur at room temperature. Firstly, CA’s facile hydration reaction effectively scavenges surrounding water molecules, thereby accelerating the dehydration curing process of Al(H2PO4)3. Secondly, as hydration is an exothermic process, it locally generates heat around the Al(H2PO4)3, fostering optimal conditions for its curing reaction. Moreover, the adhesive’s strength is substantially bolstered through the strategic inclusion of Nano-Al2O3 (enhancing the availability of reaction sites) and Nano-SiO2 (improving overall stability). As a demonstration, the adhesive formulation with added CA containing 2% Nano-Al2O3 and 2% Nano-SiO2 achieved a remarkable tensile strength of 32.48 MPa at room temperature, underscoring its potential as an efficient solution for various practical adhesive applications. The adhesive prepared in this study harnesses the hydration properties of CA to absorb moisture and release substantial heat, introducing a novel method for ambient temperature curing. This development promises to broaden its applications in refractory materials, coatings, and equipment repair. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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14 pages, 39875 KiB  
Article
Survey of Microstructures and Dimensional Accuracy of Various Microlattice Designs Using Additively Manufactured 718 Superalloy
by Huan Li, Benjamin Stegman, Chao Shen, Shiyu Zhou, Anyu Shang, Yang Chen, Emiliano Joseph Flores, R. Edwin García, Xinghang Zhang and Haiyan Wang
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4334; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174334 - 1 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1087
Abstract
Microlattices hold significant potential for developing lightweight structures for the aeronautics and astronautics industries. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is an attractive method for producing these structures due to its capacity for achieving high-resolution, intricately designed architectures. However, defects, such as cracks, in [...] Read more.
Microlattices hold significant potential for developing lightweight structures for the aeronautics and astronautics industries. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is an attractive method for producing these structures due to its capacity for achieving high-resolution, intricately designed architectures. However, defects, such as cracks, in the as-printed alloys degrade mechanical properties, particularly tensile strength, and thereby limit their applications. This study examines the effects of microlattice architecture and relative density on crack formation in the as-printed 718 superalloy. Complex microlattice design and higher relative density are more prone to large-scale crack formation. The mechanisms behind these phenomena are discussed. This study reveals that microlattice type and relative density are crucial factors in defect formation in LPBF metallic alloys. The transmission electron microscopy observations show roughly round γ″ precipitates with an average size of 10 nm in the as-printed 718 without heat treatment. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the additive manufacturing of complex microlattices using 718 superalloys towards architectured lightweight structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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17 pages, 54394 KiB  
Article
Low-Cycle Fatigue Damage Mechanism and Life Prediction of High-Strength Compacted Graphite Cast Iron at Different Temperatures
by Qihua Wu, Bingzhi Tan, Jianchao Pang, Feng Shi, Ailong Jiang, Chenglu Zou, Yunji Zhang, Shouxin Li, Yanyan Zhang, Xiaowu Li and Zhefeng Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4266; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174266 - 28 Aug 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests of high-strength compacted graphite cast iron (CGI, RuT450) were carried out at 25 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. The results show that with the increase in temperature, the tensile strength decreases slowly and then decreases rapidly. [...] Read more.
Tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests of high-strength compacted graphite cast iron (CGI, RuT450) were carried out at 25 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. The results show that with the increase in temperature, the tensile strength decreases slowly and then decreases rapidly. The fatigue life decreases, and the life reduction increases at high temperature and high strain amplitude. The oxide layer appears around the graphite and cracks at high temperature, and the dependence of crack propagation on ferrite gradually decreases. With the increase in strain amplitude, the initial cyclic stress of compacted graphite cast iron increases at three temperatures, and the cyclic hardening phenomenon is obvious. The fatigue life prediction method based on the energy method and damage mechanism for compacted graphite cast iron is summarized and proposed after comparing and analyzing a large amount of fatigue data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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14 pages, 23947 KiB  
Article
Molecular Dynamics Study on Wear Resistance of High Entropy Alloy Coatings Considering the Effect of Temperature
by Xianhe Zhang, Zhenrong Yang and Yong Deng
Materials 2024, 17(16), 3911; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17163911 - 7 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1126
Abstract
High entropy alloys have excellent wear resistance, so they have great application prospects in the fields of wear resistance and surface protection. In this study, the wear resistance of the FeNiCrCoCu high entropy alloy coating was systematically analyzed by the molecular dynamics method. [...] Read more.
High entropy alloys have excellent wear resistance, so they have great application prospects in the fields of wear resistance and surface protection. In this study, the wear resistance of the FeNiCrCoCu high entropy alloy coating was systematically analyzed by the molecular dynamics method. FeNiCrCoCu high entropy alloy was used as a coating material to adhere to the surface of a Cu matrix. The friction and nanoindentation simulation of this coating material were carried out by controlling the ambient temperature. The influence of temperature on its friction properties was analyzed on five aspects: lattice structure, dislocation evolution, friction coefficient, hardness, and elastic modulus. The results show that with the increase of temperature, the disorder of the lattice structure increases, which leads to an increase of the tangential force and friction coefficient in the friction process. At 300 K and 600 K, the ordered lattice structure of the high entropy alloy coating material is basically the same, and thus its hardness is basically the same. However, the dislocation density at 600 K is significantly reduced compared with that at 300 K, resulting in an increase of the elastic modulus of the material from 173 GPa to 219 GPa. At temperatures of 900 K and 1200 K, lattice disorder takes place rapidly, and dislocation density also decreases significantly, resulting in a significant decrease in the hardness and elastic modulus of the material. When the temperature reaches 900 K, the wear resistance of the FeNiCrCoCu high entropy alloy coating decreases sharply. This work is of great value in the analysis of wear resistance of high entropy alloys at high temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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Review

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14 pages, 2111 KiB  
Review
Research and Application Progress of Resin-Based Composite Materials in the Electrical Insulation Field
by Bingyue Yan, Zhuo Zhang, Yin Li, Huize Cui, Chong Zhang and Jianfei He
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6394; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196394 - 25 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2852
Abstract
The research and application progress of resin-based composite materials in the field of electrical insulation has attracted considerable attention and emerged as a current research hotspot. This review comprehensively summarized the research and application progress of resin-based composite materials in the field of [...] Read more.
The research and application progress of resin-based composite materials in the field of electrical insulation has attracted considerable attention and emerged as a current research hotspot. This review comprehensively summarized the research and application progress of resin-based composite materials in the field of electrical insulation, providing detailed insights into their concept, properties, and preparation methods. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation of the electrical insulation performance, mechanical properties, and thermal properties of resin-based composite materials was presented, along with an in-depth analysis of their current application status. Despite the immense potential and development opportunities of resin-based composite materials, they also face several challenges. This review serves as a valuable reference and resource for researchers in related fields and aimed to promote further research and application development of resin-based composite materials in the field of electrical insulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of High-Temperature Materials and Coatings)
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