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Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Processing of Advanced Functional Materials for Magnetic, Electrotechnical and Electrochemical Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 1396

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Catalin-Daniel Constantinescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
LP3-UMR CNRS 7341, Laboratoire Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés Photoniques 163 Av. de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
Interests: laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT); laser processing; thin films; surface structuring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lucian Petrescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Bucharest, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: magnetic materials; magnetic hysteresis; electromagnetic field computation; planar transformers; power transformers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As Guest Editors, we cordially invite you to submit a manuscript for consideration and possible publication in this Special Issue, entitled "Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Processing of Advanced Functional Materials for Magnetic, Electrotechnical and Electrochemical Applications".

The aim of this Special Issue is to cover all relevant aspects of materials science, highlighting the benefits of laser and plasma processing. Thus, submissions on laser ablation—in vacuum, in a controlled atmosphere, or in liquids—are all welcomed. Particular emphasis is placed on thin film deposition, nanostructures, nanomaterials, and nanocomposites for applications in magnetism, electrical engineering, and electrochemistry. Accordingly, this Special Issue welcomes original research and review manuscripts on the challenges and trends covering fundamental and experimental research, with a special focus on the design, synthesis, and characterization of any type of advanced functional materials, including:

  • Magnetic materials and compounds—including glasses and ceramics (metals, oxides, non-oxides, composites, etc.); ferroelectric materials and multiferroics; and superconductivity materials and their response to magnetic fields;
  • Carbon allotropes and structures—including diamond and diamond-like carbon (amorphous carbon); graphite, fullerenes, and carbon sheets (graphene, nanotubes, nanobuds, nanowalls, and nanoribbons); and carbon fiber composites; activated carbon, carbon black, and carbonaceous nanomaterials;
  • Organometallics and hybrid metal–organic materials—including for electrochemical synthesis, electroanalytical methods, and sensor applications;
  • Functionally and/or structurally hybridized materials and technologies;
  • Hybrid and nanohybrid materials for the removal of emerging pollutants.

The study of structure–shape–property relationships and related applications is also highly encouraged, in particular for magnetic sensors and electroanalytical applications. We also welcome manuscripts on the development of new experimental concepts, from the transfer, physical and/or chemical transformation, and high-resolution patterning of advanced thin films and nanomaterials to the design and fabrication of devices with use in environmental protection technology, ecology, and ecological applications and ecological science to address current environmental problems.

Dr. Catalin-Daniel Constantinescu
Prof. Dr. Lucian Petrescu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional materials
  • ceramic materials
  • non-oxide ceramics
  • laser and plasma processing
  • magnetism and electrical engineering
  • thin films and multilayers
  • planar transformers
  • modeling and simulation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 4627 KiB  
Article
Laser-Based Characterization and Classification of Functional Alloy Materials (AlCuPbSiSnZn) Using Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and a Laser Ablation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Electrotechnical Applications
by Amir Fayyaz, Muhammad Waqas, Kiran Fatima, Kashif Naseem, Haroon Asghar, Rizwan Ahmed, Zeshan Adeel Umar and Muhammad Aslam Baig
Materials 2025, 18(9), 2092; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18092092 - 2 May 2025
Viewed by 411
Abstract
In this paper, we present the analysis of functional alloy samples containing metals aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn) using a Q-switched Nd laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm with a pulse duration of [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present the analysis of functional alloy samples containing metals aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn) using a Q-switched Nd laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm with a pulse duration of 5 ns. Nine pelletized alloy samples were prepared, each containing varying chemical concentrations (wt.%) of Al, Cu, Pb, Si, Sn, and Zn—elements commonly used in electrotechnical and thermal functional materials. The laser beam is focused on the target surface, and the resulting emission spectrum is captured within the temperature interval of 9.0×103 to 1.1×104 K using a set of compact Avantes spectrometers. Each spectrometer is equipped with a linear charged-coupled device (CCD) array set at a 2 μs gate delay for spectrum recording. The quantitative analysis was performed using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) under the assumptions of optically thin plasma and self-absorption-free conditions, as well as local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The net normalized integrated intensities of the selected emission lines were utilized for the analysis. The intensities were normalized by dividing the net integrated intensity of each line by that of the aluminum emission line (Al II) at 281.62 nm. The results obtained using CF-LIBS were compared with those from the laser ablation time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LA-TOF-MS), showing good agreement between the two techniques. Furthermore, a random forest technique (RFT) was employed using LIBS spectral data for sample classification. The RFT technique achieves the highest accuracy of ~98.89% using out-of-bag (OOB) estimation for grouping, while a 10-fold cross-validation technique, implemented for comparison, yields a mean accuracy of ~99.12%. The integrated use of LIBS, LA-TOF-MS, and machine learning (e.g., RFT) enables fast, preparation-free analysis and classification of functional metallic materials, highlighting the synergy between quantitative techniques and data-driven methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Processing of Advanced Functional Materials for Magnetic, Electrotechnical and Electrochemical Applications)
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16 pages, 2478 KiB  
Article
Kinetic Study and Simulation of Titanium Carbide-Supported, Platinum-Doped Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Electrodes for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
by Harunal Rejan Ramji, Nicolas Glandut, Jean-Christophe Orlianges, Joseph Absi and Soh Fong Lim
Materials 2025, 18(9), 1916; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18091916 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 226
Abstract
This paper presents the kinetic study of titanium carbide (TiC)-supported, platinum-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon (taC:Pt) referred to as TiC-taC, for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study employs the Volmer–Heyrovsky–Tafel (VHT) mechanism. A theoretical approach was utilized to investigate the kinetic properties of [...] Read more.
This paper presents the kinetic study of titanium carbide (TiC)-supported, platinum-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon (taC:Pt) referred to as TiC-taC, for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study employs the Volmer–Heyrovsky–Tafel (VHT) mechanism. A theoretical approach was utilized to investigate the kinetic properties of these materials for an HER in 0.5 M H2SO4. TiC-taC exhibited Volmer-dominated reactions with a Tafel slope of 40 mV/dec and the overpotential at 10 mA/cm2 was 185 mV. In contrast, isolated TiC and taC:Pt recorded significantly higher Tafel slopes with 60–110 mV/dec and overpotentials of 871 mV and 1009 mV, respectively. The developed model was tested in one dimension (1D) for individual TiC and taC:Pt. The simulated kinetics parameters were determined for both TiC and taC:Pt, revealing that TiC follows the VHT steps, while taC:Pt follows the VH steps. The simulation results show excellent coherence with the experimental results. Further simulation of the hybrid TiC-taC electrocatalyst was conducted considering surface diffusion and edge effects in two (2D) and three dimensions (3D). To the best of our knowledge, this FEM simulation approach is the first to be reported due to the unique geometry of the TiC-taC catalyst enabling the assumption of surface diffusion and edge effect. The introduction of edge effects on the taC:Pt side of the TiC support significantly enhanced the current output, aligning closely with experimental results. The edge exhibited distinct kinetic properties compared to both TiC and taC:Pt. The kinetic parameters determined from the simulation demonstrated strong agreement with experimental findings. Adding the edge effects was essential to explaining the higher current output from the TiC-taC electrode. It exhibited unique kinetic properties not observed in either TiC or taC:Pt alone, acting as a pump where it absorbs cHs from neighbouring sites due to surface diffusivity and releases H2 via the Heyrovsky reaction. While surface diffusion had a lesser effect, the simulation indicated its positive influence on the HER. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Processing of Advanced Functional Materials for Magnetic, Electrotechnical and Electrochemical Applications)
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