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Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition)
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Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Electronic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 4402

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dana Georgeta Popescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Nanoscale Condensed Matter, Department of Surface and Interface Science, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
Interests: ferroelectrics; multiferroic; heterostructures; dielectric
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials remain hot research topics for condensed matter physics and material science, since they are an attractive realm for developing devices with enhanced functionality based on either their bulk or surface and interface properties. The application prospects in the field of nonvolatile memories, sensors, piezoelectric devices, photovoltaic applications, catalysis, and photocatalysis define new challenges. Such challenges range from defining appropriate models to understand the fundamental mechanisms, which further define their functionality, to analysis methods and investigation techniques, allowing for the isolation of the relevant contributions of these mechanisms to device performance.

The aim of this Special Issue, “Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition)”, is to provide updated information regarding novel preparation techniques of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic systems and to understand the physics of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic surfaces in conjunction with emerging theoretical models. Another purpose is to explore the relationship between charge transfer and screening, compensation mechanisms, interface band alignment, and spin ground state and the ferroelectric as well as ferromagnetic order. We will discuss theoretical and experimental aspects of different mechanisms and disclose their impacts on device functionality. We will focus on the challenges involving material modeling, process engineering, and application in conventional and organic–inorganic multiferroic systems. Theoretical perspectives, together with novel preparation and investigation approaches of one-, two-, and three-dimensional ferroic materials, including powders, thin films, heterostructures, ceramics, and composites, are welcomed.

Dr. Dana Georgeta Popescu
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ferroelectrics
  • surface
  • screening
  • chemical effects
  • oxide heterostructures
  • polar interfaces

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4200 KiB  
Article
Dielectric, Electric, and Pyroelectric Properties of Ba1−xCaxTiO3 Ceramics
by Kamil Feliksik, Jolanta Makowska, Joanna A. Bartkowska, Tomasz Pikula, Rafał Panek, Oliwia Starczewska and Małgorzata Adamczyk-Habrajska
Materials 2024, 17(24), 6040; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246040 - 10 Dec 2024
Viewed by 882
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the dielectric, electric, and pyroelectric properties of Ba1−xCaxTiO3 (BCT) ceramics with compositions of x = 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3. The ceramics were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method. A microstructural analysis was performed [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigate the dielectric, electric, and pyroelectric properties of Ba1−xCaxTiO3 (BCT) ceramics with compositions of x = 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3. The ceramics were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method. A microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing that calcium concentration influences grain size and morphology, with BCT20 showing larger, hexagonal grains, while BCT25 and BCT30 exhibited smaller, irregular grains. Phase composition and crystalline structure were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), which confirmed the absence of secondary phases and a predominantly tetragonal P4mm structure for BCT20 and BCT25. However, BCT30 showed an additional orthorhombic (Pbam) phase at 5.9 wt. % alongside the dominant tetragonal phase. Dielectric measurements revealed that increasing the calcium concentration shifts the temperature of dielectric permittivity maximum to lower values, correlating with a shift in the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition. Pyroelectric measurements indicated the highest pyroelectric current for BCT25, while BCT30 showed the maximum thermally stimulated depolarization current. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition))
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22 pages, 7670 KiB  
Article
Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties of Laser-Ablated CoFe2O4/BaTiO3 Bilayers Deposited over Highly Doped Si(100)
by João Oliveira, Bruna M. Silva, Tiago Rebelo, Pedro V. Rodrigues, Rosa M. F. Baptista, Manuel J. L. F. Rodrigues, Michael Belsley, Neenu Lekshmi, João P. Araújo, Jorge A. Mendes, Francis Leonard Deepak and Bernardo G. Almeida
Materials 2024, 17(23), 5707; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235707 - 22 Nov 2024
Viewed by 940
Abstract
Laser ablation was used to successfully fabricate multiferroic bilayer thin films, composed of BaTiO3 (BTO) and CoFe2O4 (CFO), on highly doped (100) Si substrates. This study investigates the influence of BaTiO3 layer thickness (50–220 nm) on the films’ [...] Read more.
Laser ablation was used to successfully fabricate multiferroic bilayer thin films, composed of BaTiO3 (BTO) and CoFe2O4 (CFO), on highly doped (100) Si substrates. This study investigates the influence of BaTiO3 layer thickness (50–220 nm) on the films’ structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties. The dense, polycrystalline films exhibited a tetragonal BaTiO3 phase and a cubic spinel CoFe2O4 layer. Structural analysis revealed compression of the CoFe2O4 unit cell along the growth direction, while the BaTiO3 layer showed a tetragonal distortion, more pronounced in thinner BTO layers. These strain effects, attributed to the mechanical interaction between both layers, induced strain-dependent wasp-waisted behavior in the films’ magnetic hysteresis cycles. The strain effects gradually relaxed with increasing BaTiO3 thickness. Raman spectroscopy and second harmonic generation studies confirmed BTO’s non-centrosymmetric ferroelectric structure at room temperature. The displayed dielectric permittivity dispersion was modeled using the Havriliak–Negami function combined with a conductivity term. This analysis yielded relaxation times, DC conductivities, and activation energies. The observed BTO relaxation time behavior, indicative of small-polaron transport, changed significantly at the BTO ferroelectric Curie temperature (Tc), presenting activation energies Eτ in the 0.1–0.3 eV range for T < Tc and Eτ > 0.3 eV for T > Tc. The BTO thickness-dependent Tc behavior exhibited critical exponents ν ~ 0.82 consistent with the 3D random Ising universality class, suggesting local disorder and inhomogeneities in the films. This was attributed to the composite structure of BTO grains, comprising an inner bulk-like structure, a gradient strained layer, and a disordered surface layer. DC conductivity analysis indicated that CoFe2O4 conduction primarily occurred through hopping in octahedral sites. These findings provide crucial insights into the dynamic dielectric behavior of multiferroic bilayer thin films at the nanoscale, enhancing their potential for application in emerging Si electronics-compatible magneto-electric technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition))
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9 pages, 329 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Study of the Multiferroic Properties of Pure and Ion-Doped Pb5M3F19, M = Fe, Cr, Al
by Iliana N. Apostolova, Angel T. Apostolov and Julia M. Wesselinowa
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4476; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184476 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 568
Abstract
In a first theoretical investigation of the multiferroic properties of Pb5Fe3F19 (PFF) and Pb5Cr3F19 (PCF), we analyze their magnetic, ferroelectric, and dielectric characteristics as functions of temperature, magnetic field, and ion doping concentration [...] Read more.
In a first theoretical investigation of the multiferroic properties of Pb5Fe3F19 (PFF) and Pb5Cr3F19 (PCF), we analyze their magnetic, ferroelectric, and dielectric characteristics as functions of temperature, magnetic field, and ion doping concentration using a microscopic model and Green’s function theory. The temperature-dependent polarization in PFF and PCF shows a distinctive kink at the magnetic Neel temperature TN, which vanishes when an external magnetic field is applied, indicating the multiferroic behavior of these two compounds. Ion doping effectively tunes the properties of PFF and PCF. In PFF, Cr ion doping leads to a decrease in the Neel temperature TN, while Cr and Al ion doping lowers the ferroelectric Curie temperature TC. In the case of PCF, we observe the enhancement of TC by Fe ion doping and the reduction by Al ion doping. The last result coincides well quantitatively with the experimental data. Additionally, the magnetodielectric coefficient of PFF is enhanced with the increasing magnetic field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition))
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11 pages, 376 KiB  
Article
Theoretical Study of Electric, Dielectric, and Optical Properties in Ion Doped Multiferroic SrFe12O19 Nanoparticles
by Angel T. Apostolov, Iliana N. Apostolova and Julia Mihailowa Wesselinowa
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1544; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071544 - 28 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1074
Abstract
Electric, dielectric, and optical (band gap) properties of pure multiferroic as well as La- and Ni-doped SrFe12O19 (SFO) (at different sites) are investigated using a microscopic model and Green’s function technique. The concentration dependence of the polarization P is considered [...] Read more.
Electric, dielectric, and optical (band gap) properties of pure multiferroic as well as La- and Ni-doped SrFe12O19 (SFO) (at different sites) are investigated using a microscopic model and Green’s function technique. The concentration dependence of the polarization P is considered for substitution of rare earths ions on the Sr sites. For a small La ion doping concentration, x = 0.1, La-doped SFO is ferroelectric, whereas for a larger doping concentration, for example x = 0.5, it is antiferroelectric. The real part of the dielectric constant ϵ increases with an increasing magnetic field h. ϵ decreases with an increasing frequency and La dopants. Therefore, La-doped SFO is suitable for microwave application with a low dielectric constant. The magnetic properties of pure SFO NPs are also studied. Ni doping at the Fe site of SFO leads to enhanced ferroelectric polarization and dielectric constant. The band gap decreases or increases by substitution of Ni or In ions on the Fe site, respectively. The results reveal that the tuned band gap of Ni-doped SFO makes it a crucial candidate for optoelectronic and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ferromagnetic and Ferroelectric Materials: Synthesis, Applications, and Techniques (Second Edition))
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