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Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 4787

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Florina Branzoi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: electrochemistry; corrosion and corrosion protection; organic coatings; nanocomposite; electrochemical methods; surface analysis FT-IR; SEM
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metallic materials are widely used in diversified sectors, such as chemical manufacturing, oil making and refining, the construction industry, machinery equipment, technological equipment and marine practices. While corrosion is a significant part of the destruction of manufacturing structures, a large number of investigations have been accomplished to find procedures to diminish corrosion and “wear costs”. The corrosion of metals and their alloys exhibits an appreciable economic and industrial concern. In industrial procedures, the metal surfaces employed are exposed to highly aggressive acids and alkali environments, which provoke substantial corrosion and deterioration.

Acidic and alkaline solutions are employed in a number of technological processes that currently cause severe metallic corrosion of varied metal structures and equipment in manufacturing environments. Some  explorations carried out for the protection of metallic materials in the  field of engineering  have determined that composite coatings are utilized as the most efficacious and simple way to hinder the deterioration of these materials in corrosive media. The application of inhibitors, using organic, metallic or inorganic coverings; cathodic and anodic defenses; electropolymerization methods; and nanostructured coatings are techniques for metallic materials’ anticorrosion protection.

The purpose of this Special Issue, "Corrosion, fatigue and corrosion protection of metals and their alloys in various environments" is to bring together and specify the various corrosion, fatigue and corrosion-endurance techniques, developments and applications from the perspective of the surface protection of diverse materials in different corrosive environments. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

  • Mechanisms and methods of corrosion control;
  • The principles and practices of metals and their alloys;
  • Theoretical and experimental study of organic and inorganic coatings for corrosion protection;
  • New developments in composite coatings and related materials;
  • Chemical and physical properties of organic and inorganic coatings and related materials;
  • Performance, investigation and analysis of various coatings;
  • High-performance experimental and processing coatings with exposure to high temperatures, high stress and different immersion times;
  • Corrosion, wear, fatigue and fracturing of metals and their alloys;
  • Computer modeling to provide protection, performance, stability and resistance properties in aggressive media.

Dr. Florina Branzoi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • corrosion processes
  • electrochemical methods
  • corrosion protection
  • organic coatings
  • inorganic coatings
  • nanocomposite film
  • corrosion inhibitor
  • surface analysis
  • mechanical properties
  • microstructure
  • fatigue
  • metallic materials
  • computer modeling

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2685 KiB  
Article
A New Mechanism for the Inhibition of SA106 Gr.B Carbon Steel Corrosion by Nitrite in Alkaline Water
by Do-Haeng Hur, Jeoh Han, Joung-Hae Lee, Soon-Hyeok Jeon and Hee-Sang Shim
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4470; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184470 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 318
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of oxide films formed on SA106 Gr.B carbon steel in nitrite solutions at 35 °C for 1000 h. The product of the reduction of nitrite during the corrosion inhibition process was also examined. [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of oxide films formed on SA106 Gr.B carbon steel in nitrite solutions at 35 °C for 1000 h. The product of the reduction of nitrite during the corrosion inhibition process was also examined. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that a thin Fe3O4 film was formed and ammonium ions were adsorbed on the outermost surface of the oxide film. The presence of ammonium ions was also demonstrated by ion chromatography. These results indicate that nitrites are reduced to ammonium ions, which in turn promotes the formation of the protective Fe3O4 film. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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14 pages, 9244 KiB  
Article
Severe Microbial Corrosion of L245 Transportation Pipeline Triggered by Wild Sulfate Reducing Bacteria in Shale Gas Produced Water
by Ming Sun, Xinhua Wang, Wei Cui and Hongfang Liu
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4377; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174377 - 4 Sep 2024
Viewed by 424
Abstract
The development of pitting corrosion on L245 carbon steel in a culture medium solution containing sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated. The results showed that the occurrence of corrosion in L245 carbon steel is closely linked to the evolution of biofilm and product film. [...] Read more.
The development of pitting corrosion on L245 carbon steel in a culture medium solution containing sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated. The results showed that the occurrence of corrosion in L245 carbon steel is closely linked to the evolution of biofilm and product film. As the test duration extended, overall corrosion was inhibited. Simultaneously, bacteria beneath the film layer promoted the generation and development of pitting corrosion, and the aggregation of bacteria (colonies) led to the aggregation of pitting corrosion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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22 pages, 18002 KiB  
Article
Ultrasonic Cavitation Erosion Behavior of GX40CrNiSi25-20 Cast Stainless Steel through Yb-YAG Surface Remelting
by Daniela Cosma, Ion Mitelea, Ilare Bordeașu, Ion Dragoș Uțu and Corneliu Marius Crăciunescu
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4180; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174180 - 23 Aug 2024
Viewed by 361
Abstract
Laser beam remelting is a relatively simple and highly effective technique for the physical modification of surfaces to improve resistance to cavitation erosion. In this study, we investigated the effect of laser remelting on the surface of cast stainless steel with 0.40% C, [...] Read more.
Laser beam remelting is a relatively simple and highly effective technique for the physical modification of surfaces to improve resistance to cavitation erosion. In this study, we investigated the effect of laser remelting on the surface of cast stainless steel with 0.40% C, 25% Cr, 20% Ni, and 1.5% Si on cavitation erosion behavior in tap water. The investigation was conducted using a piezoceramic crystal vibrator apparatus. Base laser beam parameters were carefully selected to result in a defect-free surface (no porosity, material burn, cracks) with hardness capable of generating better resistance to cavitation erosion. The experimental results were compared with those of the reference material. Surface morphology and microstructure evolution after cavitation tests were analyzed using an optical metallographic microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and hardness tests to explore the mechanism of improving surface degradation resistance. The conducted research demonstrated that surfaces modified by laser remelting exhibit a 4.8–5.1 times greater increase in cavitation erosion resistance due to the homogenization of chemical composition and refinement of the microstructure, while maintaining the properties of the base material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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10 pages, 4567 KiB  
Article
Effect of Crevice Size on Crevice Corrosion of N80 Carbon Steel in CO2-Saturated NaCl-HAc Solution
by Pengfei Hu, Guangyi Cai and Yizhou Li
Materials 2024, 17(16), 4078; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164078 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 453
Abstract
The effect of crevice size on the crevice corrosion of N80 carbon steel was investigated by electrochemical measurements and surface analysis in a CO2-saturated NaCl-HAc solution. The N80 carbon steel exhibits a high susceptibility to crevice corrosion in this environment, which [...] Read more.
The effect of crevice size on the crevice corrosion of N80 carbon steel was investigated by electrochemical measurements and surface analysis in a CO2-saturated NaCl-HAc solution. The N80 carbon steel exhibits a high susceptibility to crevice corrosion in this environment, which can be initiated immediately without an induction period for specimens with crevice sizes of 100 μm, 300 μm, and 500 μm. Typically, crevice solutions become more acidic during crevice corrosion; however, in this study, the crevice solution became alkaline, resulting in galvanic corrosion between the inner and outer steel surfaces and leading to severe crevice corrosion. The pH levels of the crevice solution for specimens with 100 μm and 300 μm crevice sizes are similar, but both are notably higher than that of the specimen with a 500 μm crevice size. As a result, there is no significant difference in the crevice corrosion phenomenon between specimens with 100 μm and 300 μm crevice sizes, but it is more severe than in the specimen with a 500 μm crevice size. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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11 pages, 2671 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Assessment of Cyclic Fatigue Strength in Five Multiple-File Nickel–Titanium Endodontic Systems
by Jorge N. R. Martins, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Duarte Marques, Francisco M. Braz Fernandes and Marco A. Versiani
Materials 2024, 17(10), 2345; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102345 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 736
Abstract
The resistance of nickel–titanium endodontic instruments against cyclic fatigue failure remains a significant concern in clinical settings. This study aimed to assess the cyclic fatigue strength of five nickel–titanium rotary systems, while correlating the results with the instruments’ geometric and metallurgical characteristics. A [...] Read more.
The resistance of nickel–titanium endodontic instruments against cyclic fatigue failure remains a significant concern in clinical settings. This study aimed to assess the cyclic fatigue strength of five nickel–titanium rotary systems, while correlating the results with the instruments’ geometric and metallurgical characteristics. A total of 250 new instruments (sizes S1/A1, S2/A2, F1/B1, F2/B2, F3/B3) from ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Universal, Premium Taper Gold, Go-Taper Flex, and U-Files systems underwent mechanical testing. Prior to experimental procedures, all instruments were meticulously inspected to identify irregularities that could affect the investigation. Using a stereomicroscope, design characteristics such as the number of spirals, length, spirals per millimeter, and average helical angle of the active blade were determined. The surface finishing characteristics of the instruments were examined using a scanning electron microscope. Differential scanning calorimetry was employed to establish the instruments’ phase transformation temperatures, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the elemental composition of the alloy. The instruments were subjected to cyclic fatigue testing within a stainless steel non-tapered artificial canal featuring a 6 mm radius and 86 degrees of curvature. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to compare groups, considering a significance level of 0.05. The assessed design characteristics varied depending on the instrument type. The least irregular surface finishing was observed in U-Files and Premium Taper Gold files, while the most irregular surface was noted in Go-Taper Flex. All instruments exhibited near-equiatomic proportions of nickel and titanium elements, whereas ProTaper Universal and U-Files instruments demonstrated lower phase transformation temperatures compared to their counterparts. Larger-sized instruments, as well as ProTaper Universal and U-Files, tended to display lower cyclic fatigue strength results. Overall, the design, metallurgical, and cyclic fatigue outcomes varied among instruments and systems. Understanding these outcomes may assist clinicians in making more informed decisions regarding instrument selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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24 pages, 7302 KiB  
Article
The Inhibition Action of Some Brij-Type Nonionic Surfactants on the Corrosion of OLC 45 in Various Aggressive Environments
by Florina Branzoi, Adriana Băran, Marius Alexandru Mihai and Mohamed Yassine Zaki
Materials 2024, 17(6), 1378; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17061378 - 17 Mar 2024
Viewed by 991
Abstract
The corrosion protection property of three Brij-type surfactants, namely, Brij 35, Brij 56 and Brij 58P, was considered on OLC 45 carbon steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 medium. The efficacy for these organic compounds was examined using potentiodynamic polarization [...] Read more.
The corrosion protection property of three Brij-type surfactants, namely, Brij 35, Brij 56 and Brij 58P, was considered on OLC 45 carbon steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 medium. The efficacy for these organic compounds was examined using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) procedures, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. We hypothesized that these surfactants hinder the corrosion for OLC 45 samples through a protecting mechanism owing to the adsorption of organic molecules that form an inhibitive film or through the formation of complex oxides. These surfactants exhibited an appreciable protective effect against OLC 45 corrosion, operating as mixed inhibitors, as could be demonstrated by their influence on the electrochemical characteristics of the metallic substrates. The adsorption of surfactants over the substrates zone conformed to the representation of the Langmuir isotherm. The effect of temperature on the electrochemical comportment of the OLC 45 specimens in H2SO4 without and with Brij at 800 ppm was examined in the temperature interval of 293 to 333 K. The negative estimate of thermodynamic attributed as Gibbs free energy of adsorption presented the spontaneity of the adsorption activity. The investigation with FT-IR and SEM established the adsorption of Brij and the constitution of the corrosive components on the OLC 45 surface. Electrochemical determinations of these surfactants indicated its anticorrosion inhibition performance and the highest inhibition of 96% was reached when the Brij 35 concentration was at 800 or 1000 ppm, while for Brij 56 and Brij 58P, the highest inhibition was obtained when their concentrations were 500, 800, or 1000 ppm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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14 pages, 9850 KiB  
Article
Exploring Microstructure, Wear Resistance, and Electrochemical Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy Fabricated Using Spark Plasma Sintering
by Guangfei Rong, Wenjie Xin, Minxu Zhou, Tengfei Ma, Xiaohong Wang and Xiaoying Jiang
Materials 2023, 16(23), 7394; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16237394 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 899
Abstract
Al-Si-Mg alloy has excellent casting performance due to its high silicon content, but the coarse eutectic silicon phase can lead to a decrease in its mechanical properties. Samples of AlSi10Mg alloy were prepared by using a spark plasma sintering method, and it was [...] Read more.
Al-Si-Mg alloy has excellent casting performance due to its high silicon content, but the coarse eutectic silicon phase can lead to a decrease in its mechanical properties. Samples of AlSi10Mg alloy were prepared by using a spark plasma sintering method, and it was found that sintering temperature has a significant impact on the grain size, eutectic silicon size and wear and corrosion properties after heat treatment. At a sintering temperature of 525 °C, the alloy exhibits the best wear performance with an average friction coefficient of 0.29. This is attributed to the uniform precipitation of fine eutectic silicon phases, significantly improving wear resistance and establishing adhesive wear as the wear mechanism of AlSi10Mg alloy at room temperature. The electrochemical performance of AlSi10Mg sintered at 500 °C is the best, with Icorr and Ecorr being 1.33 × 10−6 A·cm−2 and −0.57 V, respectively. This is attributed to the refinement of grain size and eutectic silicon size, as well as the appropriate Si volume fraction. Therefore, optimizing the sintering temperature can effectively improve the performance of AlSi10Mg alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion, Fatigue and Corrosion Protection of Metals and Their Alloys in Various Environments)
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