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Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials
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Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 3553

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xiaohui Rausch-Fan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Clinical Research, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Interests: dental materials; adult stem cells; biocompatible materials; laser therapy; malocclusion; osseointegration; periodontal diseases; periodontal ligament; saliva
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The applications of new biomaterials and techniques can lead to significant advances in the field of dentistry, such as restorative dentistry, prosthodontics, and oral implantology. Recently, various biotechnologies have been developed in dentistry and have had a great impact on dental implants and prosthetics material. Biomechanics and cell tissue biocompatibility of different implant materials have been intensively investigated. The success of the application of different implants in the clinic has been reported. However, the effect of different structures of implant-supported prosthetics materials on hard and soft tissues in the esthetics area is still under evaluation. New technologies, such as digital devices, are available to enhance the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment in dentistry. On the other hand, the development of materials science in implant restoration also poses new challenges to basic research and clinical application. Accordingly, clinicians must incorporate new dental technology in their practice to respond to the increasing needs of patients. We are pleased to announce a new Special Issue titled “Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials”. In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to submit research papers on the development of biotechnology for dental implant materials and prosthetics material relating to function and esthetics as well as biocompatibility for hard and soft tissues.

Authors conducting studies on these themes are welcome to submit original research articles,
reviews, short communications, and case series that fit the scope of this Special Issue, including the following:

  1. Research on biomechanics and biocompatibility of different implant materials and their surface modifications in vitro and vivo.
  2. Studies on clinical trials for aesthetic reasons, occlusal function and stability of different implant materials and their supported restorations.
  3. Studies on material applications and design in the digital flow of implant-supported prosthetics.
  4. Investigations into periimplant diseases related to implant materials and implant-supported prosthetics.

Prof. Dr. Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental materials
  • biocompatibility
  • restorative dentistry
  • prosthetics materials

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3169 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Analysis of Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) and Bone Stresses for Implant Inclinations of 0°, 15°, and 20°
by Mario Ceddia, Tea Romasco, Giulia Marchioli, Luca Comuzzi, Alessandro Cipollina, Adriano Piattelli, Luciano Lamberti, Natalia Di Pietro and Bartolomeo Trentadue
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071625 - 2 Apr 2025
Viewed by 471
Abstract
This study aimed to utilize finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the primary stability of Cyroth dental implants (AoN Implants Srl, Grisignano di Zocco, Italy) under various biomechanical conditions, including different implant inclinations (0°, 15°, and 20°) and bone densities (D3 and D4). [...] Read more.
This study aimed to utilize finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the primary stability of Cyroth dental implants (AoN Implants Srl, Grisignano di Zocco, Italy) under various biomechanical conditions, including different implant inclinations (0°, 15°, and 20°) and bone densities (D3 and D4). By comparing these results with those obtained from in vitro tests on polyurethane blocks, the study sought to determine whether FEA could provide stability information more quickly and efficiently than in vitro methods. The research involved correlating dental implant micro-mobility with the implant stability quotient (ISQ) using FEA to simulate the mechanical behavior of implants and the surrounding bone tissue. Additionally, the study assessed the error in ISQ value detection by comparing FEA results with in vitro tests on polyurethane blocks conducted under the same experimental conditions. Both the FEA simulations and in vitro experiments demonstrated similar trends in ISQ values. For the D3 bone block simulated by FEA, the difference from the in vitro test was only 1.27%, while for the D2 bone, the difference was 2.86%. The findings also indicated that ISQ increases with implant inclination and that bone quality significantly affects primary stability, with ISQ decreasing as bone density diminishes. Overall, this study showed that ISQ evaluation for dental implants can be effectively performed through FEA, particularly by examining micro-movements. The results indicated that FEA and in vitro polyurethane testing yielded comparable outcomes, with FEA providing a faster and more cost-effective means of assessing ISQ across various clinical scenarios compared to in vitro testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials)
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13 pages, 3939 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Analysis of a 3D-Printed Acetabular Prosthesis for an Acetabular Defect According to the Paprosky Classification
by Mario Ceddia, Giuseppe Solarino, Alessandro Pulcrano, Antonella Benedetto and Bartolomeo Trentadue
Materials 2025, 18(6), 1295; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18061295 - 15 Mar 2025
Viewed by 527
Abstract
The treatment of Paprosky Type III acetabular defects is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, as standard components often do not fit properly. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical efficacy of a custom 3D-printed PEEK acetabular prosthesis compared to a conventional titanium [...] Read more.
The treatment of Paprosky Type III acetabular defects is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, as standard components often do not fit properly. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical efficacy of a custom 3D-printed PEEK acetabular prosthesis compared to a conventional titanium implant. A 3D model of the pelvis was created using a computed tomography scanner and a custom-made acetabular implant was designed. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed using Ansys Workbench to evaluate the stress and strain distribution of two materials on the pelvic bone. The results showed that the titanium prosthesis model had less strain transmitted to the bone, while the PEEK model had better stress transmission and bone stimulation. The use of custom implants reduced the risk of stress shielding, potentially improving long-term bone health. Three-dimensional-printed acetabular prostheses therefore offer significant advantages over traditional implants, suggesting improved implant stability and reduced failure rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials)
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19 pages, 5676 KiB  
Article
A Comparative In Vitro Study on Heat Generation with Static Guided and Conventional Implant Bed Preparation Using Stainless Steel Twist Drills and a Standardized Bovine Model
by Dino Tur, Zhiwei Tian, Katharina Giannis, Ewald Unger, Martina Mittlboeck, Xiaohui Rausch-Fan and Georg D. Strbac
Materials 2025, 18(6), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18061277 - 13 Mar 2025
Viewed by 498
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the differences in heat generation across the drilling techniques, depths, and irrigation conditions of static computer-assisted implant surgery (S-CAIS) and conventional implant preparation (CIP) using a standardized bone model for comparative investigation. A [...] Read more.
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the differences in heat generation across the drilling techniques, depths, and irrigation conditions of static computer-assisted implant surgery (S-CAIS) and conventional implant preparation (CIP) using a standardized bone model for comparative investigation. A total of 240 automated intermittent experimental procedures of 10 and 12 mm drilling depths were performed during S-CAIS and CIP using stainless steel twist drills of three drill diameters (2.2, 2.8, and 3.5 mm) and two irrigation modes (without/external cooling) at room temperature. Temperature changes were recorded in real time using multiple temperature sensors in two distances to the osteotomy site. For comparison, a linear mixed model was fitted. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Comparing the two surgical techniques, significant temperature differences could be observed using 3.5 mm drills: CIP yielded statistically higher temperatures during 10 and 12 mm drilling without irrigation (p = 0.0115 and p = 0.0253, respectively), while statistically higher temperatures were observed with S-CAIS and external irrigation at a 12 mm drilling depth (p = 0.0101). This standardized in vitro investigation demonstrated the impact of surgical technique, drilling depth, and irrigation mode on heat generation, indicating differences especially in drills of larger diameter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials)
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16 pages, 2728 KiB  
Article
Dental Implant with Porous Structure and Anchorage: Design and Bench Testing in a Calf Rib Model Study
by Keila Lovera, Vicente Vanaclocha, Carlos M. Atienza, Amparo Vanaclocha, Pablo Jordá-Gómez, Nieves Saiz-Sapena and Leyre Vanaclocha
Materials 2025, 18(3), 700; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030700 - 5 Feb 2025
Viewed by 569
Abstract
Primary dental implant stability is critical to enable osseointegration. We assessed the primary stability of our newly designed dental implant. We used the calf rib bone animal model. Our implant has an outside tapered screw with two inside barrettes that deploy with a [...] Read more.
Primary dental implant stability is critical to enable osseointegration. We assessed the primary stability of our newly designed dental implant. We used the calf rib bone animal model. Our implant has an outside tapered screw with two inside barrettes that deploy with a second screw situated at the implant’s crown. We used ten calf ribs with III/IV bone density and inserted ten implants per rib. We deployed the barrettes in the calf rib’s transversal direction to support against the nearby cortical bone. We measured the primary implant’s stability with resonance frequency analysis and collected the Implant Stability Quota (ISQ) in the transverse and longitudinal calf rib planes before (PRE) and after (POS) deploying the barrette. The mean ISQ was PRE 84.00 ± 3.56 and POS 84.73 ± 4.53 (p = 0.84) in the longitudinal plane and PRE 81.80 ± 2.74 and POS 83.53 ± 4.53 (0.27) in the transverse plane. The barrettes’ insertion increases our dental implant primary stability by 11% in the transverse plane and 2% in the longitudinal plane. Our dental implant ISQ values are in the higher range than those reported in the literature and reflect high primary stability after insertion. The barrette deployment improves the dental implant’s primary stability, particularly in the direction in which it deploys (transverse plane). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials)
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20 pages, 5200 KiB  
Article
New Subperiosteal Dental Implant Design with Finite Element Analysis and Mechanical Validation: A Design Validation Study
by Vicente Vanaclocha, Carlos Atienza, Amparo Vanaclocha, Andrés Peñuelas, Juan Gómez-Herrero, Francisco Pérez-Carrió, José Antonio Diego-Leyda, Nieves Sáiz-Sapena and Leyre Vanaclocha
Materials 2025, 18(3), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18030622 - 29 Jan 2025
Viewed by 929
Abstract
New subperiosteal dental implants were designed to offer new options to edentulous patients with severe bone resorption for whom endosseous dental implants are not advisable. In our study, we aimed to design and manufacture subperiosteal dental implants with a minimum volume to facilitate [...] Read more.
New subperiosteal dental implants were designed to offer new options to edentulous patients with severe bone resorption for whom endosseous dental implants are not advisable. In our study, we aimed to design and manufacture subperiosteal dental implants with a minimum volume to facilitate surgical maneuvers and metal coverage by mucosa while ensuring maximal long-term implant strength and functionality. With cone-beam CT-scan data obtained from an edentulous patient, a maxilla and mandible recreation were created, and subperiosteal implants were designed and analyzed with FEA (250 MPa infinite-life limit stress). We redesigned them until they stood the infinite-life limit loads mentioned above. Then, they were manufactured with Ti6Al4V alloy and laser-powder bed fusion technology. All implants withstood mechanical tests (450 N static and 150 N loads for five-million cycle 150 N fatigue tests) with no failures. The first design resulted in maxillary and mandibular implant failures. Through the redesign process, the implant volume was reduced, and the number and placement of bone fixation screws were optimized while maintaining resistance to chewing. Once manufactured, these new implants withstood the loads mentioned above without failure. Our subperiosteal dental implants are an option for edentulous patients with severe maxilla and mandibular bone resorption. Manufactured with Ti6Al4V alloy and laser-powder bed fusion technology, they withstood the above-mentioned mechanical tests without failure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Implants and Prosthetics Materials)
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