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Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Porous Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2025) | Viewed by 5560

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Beata Anwajler

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Guest Editor
Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 St., 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Interests: porous materials; material characterization; composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Daniel Smykowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: phase change material; heat storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Piotr Szulc

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 St., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: energy storage; thermal engineering; renewable energy technologies; heat exchangers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This new Special Issue, entitled “Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application”, is dedicated to zeolites and their use in the production of new materials, structures, and for use in appliances. Zeolites have played a major role in many fields in recent decades and have become a focus of interest for scientists and material engineers. A research intensification into zeolites has been recorded over the last fifty years; about 200 different structures have been synthesised or discovered and have found practical applications to a greater or lesser extent. In this Special Issue, we aim to review the latest developments in the science and engineering of zeolites, which are attracting increasing attention due to their potential technological applications. The main objective is to link performance and functionality to the fundamental properties, chemistry, and physics of these materials, as well as to the process characteristics, in order to provide a multidisciplinary perspective and deeper understanding of this topic.

This Special Issue aims to provide an interdisciplinary forum to discuss the latest research developments in the field of materials and structures and to provide a vision for future research.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Beata Anwajler
Dr. Daniel Smykowski
Dr. Piotr Szulc
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • zeolites
  • zeolite-like materials
  • synthesis
  • structure
  • properties
  • application

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 8171 KB  
Article
Experimental Study of the Discharging Process of Sorption Heat Storage Units Filled with 13X Zeolite
by Beata Pytlik, Daniel Smykowski, Piotr Szulc, Tomasz Tietze, Beata Anwajler and Artur Chorążyczewski
Materials 2025, 18(23), 5327; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235327 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 398
Abstract
The paper presents the experimental study of the zeolite heat storage unit discharging process in a laboratory scale. The Authors focused on the discharging process, which utilizes adsorption of water, in the form of steam, on zeolite, because the adsorption process is considered [...] Read more.
The paper presents the experimental study of the zeolite heat storage unit discharging process in a laboratory scale. The Authors focused on the discharging process, which utilizes adsorption of water, in the form of steam, on zeolite, because the adsorption process is considered as more challenging in terms of reaction kinetics and heat transfer. The Authors designed and built a laboratory stand with a sorption heat storage unit filled with 13X zeolite and with a separated heat transfer fluid system, where air was used for discharging. Dynamic parameters including the temperature of inlet and outlet air and the temperature distribution inside the zeolite bed during the discharging process were investigated. The gathered measurement data were used to determine the heat fluxes and to compute dynamic heat balance of the thermal storage unit including internal and external heat losses. It was demonstrated that the applied design and scale of the thermal storage unit allows to reach the thermal power over 300 W and heat the discharging air from 40 °C to over 110 °C. The innovative aspect of the study is the improvement of operational stability of the sorption heat storage unit through the implementation of a heat exchanger design that separates the heat transfer fluid from the zeolite bed, as well as a control system with a neural network layer for predicting the mass flow rate of steam. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application)
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11 pages, 3679 KB  
Article
Crystallization of Lithium Zeolites onto Foamed Geopolymers
by Carlo Gravino, Assunta Campanile, Claudio Ferone, Domenico Caputo, Nicola Gargiulo, Barbara Liguori and Paolo Aprea
Materials 2025, 18(23), 5310; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235310 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 329
Abstract
Lithium-containing zeolites are receiving significant attention due to their intriguing properties in various industrial applications, mainly related to gas separation and catalyzed processes. This paper presents an in-depth exploration of a nucleation strategy aimed at producing porous ceramic monoliths enriched with lithium zeolites. [...] Read more.
Lithium-containing zeolites are receiving significant attention due to their intriguing properties in various industrial applications, mainly related to gas separation and catalyzed processes. This paper presents an in-depth exploration of a nucleation strategy aimed at producing porous ceramic monoliths enriched with lithium zeolites. The synthesis was obtained by means of a geopolymer gel conversion, carried out by submerging either sodium- or lithium-rich geopolymers in lithium hydroxide solutions and performing a hydrothermal treatment. A full factorial design of experiments (DoE) was adopted to investigate the effect of LiOH molarity, treatment temperature, and time on the zeolite content in the samples. The most abundant and recurring zeolites obtained were Li-ABW (ABW) and lithium edingtonite (EDI). Concerning the lithium/sodium-containing systems, the competing presence of sodium directed the nucleation towards faujasite as well, together with minor amounts of other zeolites. In contrast, in pure lithium treatment media, the samples showed just ABW and EDI as the only crystalline phases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application)
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14 pages, 2228 KB  
Article
Silver Nanoparticles@Zeolite Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Properties
by Gospodinka Gicheva, Marinela Panayotova, Orlin Gemishev, Sergei A. Kulinich and Neli Mintcheva
Materials 2025, 18(17), 3964; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18173964 - 24 Aug 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1296
Abstract
The presence of various Ag species (Ag+ ions, Ag clusters, and Ag nanoparticles (NPs)) in Ag-zeolite nanocomposites strongly influences their catalytic, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties. To tailor materials for specific applications, it is essential to employ strategies that control the redox processes [...] Read more.
The presence of various Ag species (Ag+ ions, Ag clusters, and Ag nanoparticles (NPs)) in Ag-zeolite nanocomposites strongly influences their catalytic, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties. To tailor materials for specific applications, it is essential to employ strategies that control the redox processes between Ag+ and Ag0 and facilitate the formation of active Ag-containing composites. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of Ag-zeolite nanocomposites, focusing on their synthesis methods, structural characteristics, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Ag NPs were synthesized using three approaches: solid-state thermal reduction, chemical reduction in aqueous solutions with a mild reducing agent (sodium citrate, Na3Cit), and chemical reduction with a strong reducing agent (sodium borohydride, NaBH4). The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectroscopy (DR UV–Vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while antibacterial activity was assessed using biological assays. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the formation of Ag NPs and the co-existence of immobilized Ag+ ions within the zeolite framework. The specific influence of the treatment method of Ag+-zeolite on the presence of silver species in the nanocomposites and their role in antibacterial properties were evaluated. The highest antibacterial efficiency was observed in the nanocomposite produced by thermal treatment of Ag-exchanged zeolite. Thus, the crucial function of Ag+ ions in the mechanism of bacteria cell death was suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application)
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17 pages, 2516 KB  
Article
Seed-Assisted Crystallization in the Hydrothermal Synthesis of FAU Zeolite from Acid-Treated Residue Glass Powder
by Paulla B. F. Sousa, Lindiane Bieseki and Sibele B. C. Pergher
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1393; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071393 - 21 Mar 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
A simple and low-cost synthesis assisted by seed crystals has been proposed to convert residual colorless glass powder into a Na-X zeolite. For this purpose, the optimal parameters for acid leaching of glass powder were studied to remove impurities that could interfere with [...] Read more.
A simple and low-cost synthesis assisted by seed crystals has been proposed to convert residual colorless glass powder into a Na-X zeolite. For this purpose, the optimal parameters for acid leaching of glass powder were studied to remove impurities that could interfere with the crystallization process. Then, the hydrothermal syntheses were supported by Na-X seed crystals (0% to 5%, wt.) to induce the growth of zeolite X, evaluating the crystallization time (12 h to 48 h) and the variation of the silicon source (acid-treated and untreated residues). The formation of the faujasite as the main phase, with a higher degree of structural order and microporosity, was observed with the previous treatment in the residue, a higher seed loading, and a shorter crystallization time. On the other hand, a phase competition between faujasite, gismondine, Linde type-A, and sodalite structures was observed in the zeolites synthesized from the untreated residue. In this case, the high seed loading and the longer synthesis time allowed the correct targeting of the faujasite structure with low structural order and micro/mesoporous properties. Furthermore, interzeolite transformations occur in all syntheses, where the framework type synthesized was influenced by the presence of a specific ion as a mineralizing agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application)
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11 pages, 2994 KB  
Article
How the Pretreatment Temperature of Zeolitic Catalysts Can Affect the Reaction Temperature of Methanol to Olefins and Gasoline Processes
by Simón Yunes, Abel Gaspar Rosas and Antonio Gil
Materials 2025, 18(6), 1370; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18061370 - 20 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 982
Abstract
The dehydration of methanol to produce light olefins and gasoline, known as MTO (methanol-to-olefins) process requires acidic catalysts that maintain their acidity at reaction temperatures. Zeolites, such as SAPOs and ZSM-5, are commonly used for this purpose due to their acidic centers. The [...] Read more.
The dehydration of methanol to produce light olefins and gasoline, known as MTO (methanol-to-olefins) process requires acidic catalysts that maintain their acidity at reaction temperatures. Zeolites, such as SAPOs and ZSM-5, are commonly used for this purpose due to their acidic centers. The initial step in these experiments involves the activation or pretreatment of these solids to remove physically adsorbed water from their pores. Inadequate pretreatment can lead to the destruction of the existing Brönsted sites through the dihydroxylation of surface -OH groups. Therefore, it is crucial to pretreat the zeolites properly to preserve the Brönsted sites. One method is to subject the fresh catalyst to programmed dehydration, which involves desorption at a controlled temperature while monitoring the appearance of water that results from Brönsted site dihydroxylation. The temperature at which the dehydration peak appears determines the optimal reaction temperature. The results presented in this work will demonstrate the progressive deactivation of the catalysts when the reaction temperature exceeds 400 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Zeolites and Zeolite-Like Materials: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Application)
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