Marine Drugs

Research

10 pages, 3330 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Electrospun Scaffold Loaded with an Enteromorpha Polysaccharide for Accelerated Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice

by Lili Guo, Na Guan, Wenjun Miao, Wenwen Zhao and Qiu Li

Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(2), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20020095 - 24 Jan 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2948

The design and development of innovative multifunctional wound dressing materials in engineered biomaterials is essential for promoting tissue repair. In this study, nanofibrous wound dressing materials loaded with anti-inflammatory ingredients were manufactured by a promising electrospinning strategy, and their capability for treating diabetic [...] Read more.

The design and development of innovative multifunctional wound dressing materials in engineered biomaterials is essential for promoting tissue repair. In this study, nanofibrous wound dressing materials loaded with anti-inflammatory ingredients were manufactured by a promising electrospinning strategy, and their capability for treating diabetic wounds was also investigated. A scaffold blend consisting of an Enteromorpha polysaccharide and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was fabricated. The in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the efficacy of PVA/EPP1 fiber. We found that PVA/EPP1 fiber accelerated the repair of a full-thickness skin wound in diabetic mice. The results suggest that this scaffold could effectively shorten the wound healing time by inhibiting inflammatory activity, which makes it a promising candidate for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds caused by diabetes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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17 pages, 1193 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Potential of Nannochloropsis sp. Extract for Cosmeceutical Applications

by Sun Young Kim, Yong Min Kwon, Kyung Woo Kim and Jaoon Young Hwan Kim

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(12), 690; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19120690 - 2 Dec 2021

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 6485

Abstract

Recently, there has been emerging interest in various natural products with skin protective effects as they are recognized as safe and efficient. Microalgae have developed chemical defense systems to protect themselves against oxidative stress caused by UV radiation by producing various bioactive compounds [...] Read more.

Recently, there has been emerging interest in various natural products with skin protective effects as they are recognized as safe and efficient. Microalgae have developed chemical defense systems to protect themselves against oxidative stress caused by UV radiation by producing various bioactive compounds including a number of secondary metabolites, which have potential for cosmeceutical applications. In addition, microalgae have various advantages as a sustainable source for bioactive compounds with diverse functions due to their rapid growth rate, high productivity, and use of non-arable land. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cosmeceutical potential of ethanol extract from Nannochloropsis sp. G1-5 (NG15) isolated from the southern West Sea of the Republic of Korea. It contained PUFAs (including EPA), carotenoids (astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin), and phenolic compounds, which are known to have various skin protective functions. We confirmed that the NG15 extract showed various skin protective functions with low cytotoxicity, specifically anti-melanogenic, antioxidant, skin-moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-wrinkling, and UV protective function, by measuring tyrosinase inhibition activity; melanin content; DPPH radical scavenging activity; expression of HAS-2, MMP-1, and Col1A1 genes; and elastase inhibition activity as well as cell viability after UV exposure. Our results indicated that the NG15 extract has the potential to be used for the development of natural cosmetics with a broad range of skin protective functions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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21 pages, 1005 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Potential of Icelandic Seaweeds Extracts Produced by Aqueous Pulsed Electric Fields-Assisted Extraction for Cosmetic Applications

by Natalia Castejón, Kristin Anna Thorarinsdottir, Ragnhildur Einarsdóttir, Kristberg Kristbergsson and Gudrún Marteinsdóttir

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(12), 662; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19120662 - 25 Nov 2021

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4553

Abstract

A growing concern for overall health is driving a global market of natural ingredients not only in the food industry but also in the cosmetic field. In this study, a screening on potential cosmetic applications of aqueous extracts from three Icelandic seaweeds produced [...] Read more.

A growing concern for overall health is driving a global market of natural ingredients not only in the food industry but also in the cosmetic field. In this study, a screening on potential cosmetic applications of aqueous extracts from three Icelandic seaweeds produced by pulsed electric fields (PEF) was performed. Produced extracts by PEF from Ulva lactuca, Alaria esculenta and Palmaria palmata were compared with the traditional hot water extraction in terms of polyphenol, flavonoid and carbohydrate content. Moreover, antioxidant properties and enzymatic inhibitory activities were evaluated by using in vitro assays. PEF exhibited similar results to the traditional method, showing several advantages such as its non-thermal nature and shorter extraction time. Amongst the three Icelandic species, Alaria esculenta showed the highest content of phenolic (mean value 8869.7 µg GAE/g dw) and flavonoid (mean value 12,098.7 µg QE/g dw) compounds, also exhibiting the highest antioxidant capacities. Moreover, Alaria esculenta extracts exhibited excellent anti-enzymatic activities (76.9, 72.8, 93.0 and 100% for collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase and hyaluronidase, respectively) for their use in skin whitening and anti-aging products. Thus, our preliminary study suggests that Icelandic Alaria esculenta-based extracts produced by PEF could be used as potential ingredients for natural cosmetic and cosmeceutical formulations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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20 pages, 4331 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Wound Healing Metabolites from Peters’ Elephant-Nose Fish Oil: An In Vivo Investigation Supported by In Vitro and In Silico Studies

by Faisal Alsenani, Ahmed M. Ashour, Mubarak A. Alzubaidi, Ahmed F. Azmy, Mona H. Hetta, Dalia H. Abu-Baih, Mahmoud A. Elrehany, Ahmed Zayed, Ahmed M. Sayed, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen and Abeer H. Elmaidomy

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(11), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19110605 - 26 Oct 2021

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4089

Abstract

Gnathonemuspetersii (F. Mormyridae) commonly known as Peters’ elephant-nose fish is a freshwater elephant fish native to West and Central African rivers. The present research aimed at metabolic profiling of its derived crude oil via GC-MS analysis. In addition, wound healing aptitude in [...] Read more.

Gnathonemuspetersii (F. Mormyridae) commonly known as Peters’ elephant-nose fish is a freshwater elephant fish native to West and Central African rivers. The present research aimed at metabolic profiling of its derived crude oil via GC-MS analysis. In addition, wound healing aptitude in adult male New Zealand Dutch strain albino rabbits along with isolated bioactive compounds in comparison with a commercial product (Mebo^®). The molecular mechanism was studied through a number of in vitro investigations, i.e., radical scavenging and inhibition of COX enzymes, in addition to in silico molecular docking study. The results revealed a total of 35 identified (71.11%) compounds in the fish oil, belonging to fatty acids (59.57%), sterols (6.11%), and alkanes (5.43%). Phytochemical investigation of the crude oil afforded isolation of six compounds 1–6. Moreover, the crude oil showed significant in vitro hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, the crude oil along with one of its major components (compound 4) exhibited selective inhibitory activity towards COX-2 with IC₅₀ values of 15.27 and 2.41 µM, respectively. Topical application of the crude oil on excision wounds showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the wound healing rate in comparison to the untreated and Mebo^®-treated groups, where fish oil increased the TGF-β1 expression, down-regulated TNF-α, and IL-1β. Accordingly, Peters’ elephant-nose fish oil may be a potential alternative medication helping wound healing owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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15 pages, 2633 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cartilage Acidic Protein a Novel Therapeutic Factor to Improve Skin Damage Repair?

by Rute Castelo Félix, Liliana Anjos, Rita Alves Costa, Sophia Letsiou and Deborah Mary Power

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(10), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19100541 - 25 Sep 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2656

Abstract

Fish skin has been gaining attention due to its efficacy as a human-wound-treatment product and to identify factors promoting its enhanced action. Skin fibroblasts have a central role in maintaining skin integrity and secrete extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins, growth factors and cytokines [...] Read more.

Fish skin has been gaining attention due to its efficacy as a human-wound-treatment product and to identify factors promoting its enhanced action. Skin fibroblasts have a central role in maintaining skin integrity and secrete extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins, growth factors and cytokines to rapidly repair lesions and prevent further damage or infection. The effects on scratch repair of the ubiquitous but poorly characterized ECM protein, cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1), from piscine and human sources were compared using a zebrafish SJD.1 primary fibroblast cell line. A classic in vitro cell scratch assay, immunofluorescence, biosensor and gene expression analysis were used. Our results demonstrated that the duplicate sea bass Crtac1a and Crtac1b proteins and human CRTAC-1A all promoted SJD.1 primary fibroblast migration in a classic scratch assay and in an electric cell impedance sensing assay. The immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CRTAC1 enhanced cell migration was most likely caused by actin-driven cytoskeletal changes and the cellular transcriptional response was most affected in the early stage (6 h) of scratch repair. In summary, our results suggest that CRTAC1 may be an important factor in fish skin promoting damage repair. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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12 pages, 3074 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Marine-Derived Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold for Accelerating Skin Repair in Diabetic Mice

by Xiaoli Huang, Na Guan and Qiu Li

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(9), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090496 - 30 Aug 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2947

Abstract

Reconstructing the typical analogue of extracellular matrix (ECM) in engineered biomaterials is essential for promoting tissue repair. Here, we report an ECM-mimetic scaffold that successfully accelerated wound healing through enhancing vascularization and regulating inflammation. We prepared an electrospun fiber comprising a brown alga-derived [...] Read more.

Reconstructing the typical analogue of extracellular matrix (ECM) in engineered biomaterials is essential for promoting tissue repair. Here, we report an ECM-mimetic scaffold that successfully accelerated wound healing through enhancing vascularization and regulating inflammation. We prepared an electrospun fiber comprising a brown alga-derived polysaccharide (BAP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The two polymers in concert exerted the function upon the application of PVA/BAP2 fiber in vivo; it started to reduce the inflammation and promote angiogenesis at the wound site. Our serial in vitro and in vivo tests validated the efficacy of PVA/BAP2 fiber. Particularly, PVA/BAP2 fiber accelerated the repair of a full-thickness skin wound in diabetic mice and induced optimal neo-tissue formation. Generally, our results suggest that, by mimicking the function of ECM, this fiber as an engineered biomaterial can effectively promote the healing efficiency of diabetic wounds. Our investigation may inspire the development of new, effective, and safer marine-derived scaffold for tissue regeneration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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12 pages, 1079 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Extraction of Fatty Acids and Phenolics from Mastocarpus stellatus Using Pressurized Green Solvents

by Uxía Cid, Paula Rodríguez-Seoane, Beatriz Díaz-Reinoso and Herminia Domínguez

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(8), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19080453 - 8 Aug 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2619

Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are well known for their protective properties in relation to different skin diseases. Although seaweeds possess a low lipid fraction, they could act as an alternative renewable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids whenever other valuable seaweed components are also valorized. [...] Read more.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are well known for their protective properties in relation to different skin diseases. Although seaweeds possess a low lipid fraction, they could act as an alternative renewable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids whenever other valuable seaweed components are also valorized. In this study, a biorefinery process using Mastocarpus stellatus as a model seaweed was proposed. The process started with the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of the lipid and phenolic fractions. The influence of pressure during extraction with pure supercritical CO₂ was studied while operating at a selected temperature and solvent flow rate. Kinetic data obtained during the ethanol-modified supercritical CO₂ extraction were fitted to the spline model. Sequential processing was proposed with (i) pure CO₂ to obtain a product with 30% PUFA content and ω-3:ω-6 ratio 1:1, (ii) ethanol-modified CO₂ to extract phenolics, and (iii) microwave-assisted subcritical water extraction operating under previously optimized conditions for the extraction of phenolics, carrageenan and protein fractions. The composition of the supercritical extracts showed potential for use in both dietary and topical applications in skin care products. The remaining solids are suitable for the extraction of other valuable fractions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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21 pages, 2711 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Unravelling the Dermatological Potential of the Brown Seaweed Carpomitra costata

by Patrícia Susano, Joana Silva, Celso Alves, Alice Martins, Helena Gaspar, Susete Pinteus, Teresa Mouga, Márcia Ines Goettert, Željko Petrovski, Luís B. Branco and Rui Pedrosa

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(3), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19030135 - 28 Feb 2021

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3969

Abstract

The ever-increasing interest in keeping a young appearance and healthy skin has leveraged the skincare industry. This, coupled together with the increased concern regarding the safety of synthetic products, has boosted the demand for new and safer natural ingredients. Accordingly, the aim of [...] Read more.

The ever-increasing interest in keeping a young appearance and healthy skin has leveraged the skincare industry. This, coupled together with the increased concern regarding the safety of synthetic products, has boosted the demand for new and safer natural ingredients. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dermatological potential of the brown seaweed Carpomitra costata. The antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, antimicrobial, photoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of five C. costata fractions (F1–F5) were evaluated. The ethyl acetate fraction (F3) demonstrated the most promising results, with the best ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals (EC₅₀ of 140.1 µg/mL) and the capacity to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production promoted by UVA and UVB radiation in 3T3 cells, revealing its antioxidant and photoprotective potential. This fraction also exhibited the highest anti-enzymatic capacity, inhibiting the activities of collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase (IC₅₀ of 7.2, 4.8 and 85.9 µg/mL, respectively). Moreover, F3 showed anti-inflammatory potential, reducing TNF-α and IL-6 release induced by LPS treatment in RAW 264.7 cells. These bioactivities may be related to the presence of phenolic compounds, such as phlorotannins, as demonstrated by NMR analysis. The results highlight the potential of C. costata as a source of bioactive ingredients for further dermatological applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds for Marine-Derived Cosmeceuticals against Skin Diseases)

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