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Lubricants
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Recent Advances in Automotive Powertrain Lubrication, 2nd Edition
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Recent Advances in Automotive Powertrain Lubrication, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1618

Editors

Dr. Charlotte Besser

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
AC2T Research GmbH, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
Interests: automotive engine oils; future fuels; artificial ageing; condition monitoring; chemical analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. András Lajos Nagy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Propulsion Technology, Széchenyi István University, 9026 Gyor, Hungary
Interests: automotive lubricants; wear analysis; tribotesting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The individual passenger car is still dominant for passenger transport, as are medium and heavy commercial vehicles in logistics. In addition, there is still a strong reliance on internal combustion engines (ICEs) fueled by fossil-based gasoline or diesel, although a shift to electrification is currently taking place in the automobile market. On the other hand, increasingly stringent legal requirements demand stricter emission limits, binding targets for CO2 emission with new and more reliable emission testing under real driving conditions, and an improved fuel economy. These facts are highly important driving factors for scientific efforts to develop improved mobility concepts with a special focus on elevated environmental friendliness. Strategies to achieve these goals are manifold.

Given these general conditions, the parameter of suitable component lubrication is a key factor in the development of future automotive powertrains. Thus, this Special Issue aims to provide insights into the recent trends and research directions in the field of automotive lubrication. All state-of-the-art contributions are welcome, to provide a profound summary of current scientific advances.

Dr. Charlotte Besser
Dr. András Lajos Nagy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • automotive lubricants
  • engine oil
  • transmission oil
  • renewable lubricants
  • nano additives
  • oil degradation
  • oil condition monitoring
  • oil analysis

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

31 pages, 5995 KB  
Article
Ag–TiO2 Nanoparticle-Enriched Engine Oil as Lubricant for LPBF Ti6Al4V-ELI: Tribological Behavior and ANOVA-Based Parameter Analysis
by Corina Birleanu, Florin Popister, Razvan Udroiu, Horea Stefan Goia, Marius Pustan, Mircea Cioaza, Paul Pirja and Ramona-Crina Suciu
Lubricants 2026, 14(4), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14040175 - 18 Apr 2026
Viewed by 445
Abstract
Despite the growing adoption of Ti6Al4V-ELI made by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) in tribologically demanding applications, the influence of hybrid nanoparticle additives on its lubrication behavior under starved contact conditions remains insufficiently explored. The tribological performance of Ti6Al4V was investigated under starved [...] Read more.
Despite the growing adoption of Ti6Al4V-ELI made by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) in tribologically demanding applications, the influence of hybrid nanoparticle additives on its lubrication behavior under starved contact conditions remains insufficiently explored. The tribological performance of Ti6Al4V was investigated under starved boundary-to-mixed lubrication conditions using engine oil modified with Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Double-scan LPBF-fabricated discs were tested in a ball-on-disc configuration against AISI 52100 bearing steel using a TRB3 tribometer. Nanolubricants were prepared by dispersing TiO2 and Ag–TiO2 nanopowders with different Ag+/Ti4+ ratios (0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5%) in SAE 10W-40 engine oil at a constant nanoparticle concentration of 0.05 wt%. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization of the nanopowders and nanolubricants was performed through structural, chemical, optical, morphological, rheological, and stability analyses. Tribological experiments were conducted following a full-factorial design combining three normal loads (5–15 N), three sliding speeds (0.10–0.20 m·s−1), and four lubricant formulations. The steady-state coefficient of friction ranged between 0.281 and 0.359, while the specific wear rate varied from 2.81 × 10−4 to 4.83 × 10−4 mm3·N−1·m−1. The contact temperature rise remained relatively moderate, within the interval of 1.9–9.4 °C. Among the investigated formulations, the lubricant containing 1.5% Ag–TiO2 exhibited the lowest friction coefficient, whereas the formulation with the highest Ag content showed improved stability of tribological performance across the investigated operating domain. These results indicate that Ag-modified TiO2 nanoparticles are consistent with the formation of protective tribofilms and contribute to the stabilization of friction, wear, and thermal behavior under starved lubrication conditions. ANOVA confirmed that sliding speed and the load–lubricant interaction are the dominant factors governing friction and wear, while normal load controls the thermal response. These findings support the use of Ag–TiO2 nanolubricants as a viable strategy for stabilizing interfacial behavior in LPBF-fabricated titanium components operating under starved lubrication conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Automotive Powertrain Lubrication, 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 7563 KB  
Article
Tribological and Rheological Performance of Gasoline Engine Surface Specimens Lubricated with B4C, hBN, HSG, and Hybrid Additive-Containing Oils
by Recep Çağrı Orman
Lubricants 2026, 14(3), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14030135 - 21 Mar 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 822
Abstract
In this study, the effect of boron carbide (B4C), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), holy super graphene (HSG), and hybrid (B4C + hBN + HSG) nano-additives on the tribological performance of SAE 5W-30 gasoline engine oil was investigated on Al-Si-based [...] Read more.
In this study, the effect of boron carbide (B4C), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), holy super graphene (HSG), and hybrid (B4C + hBN + HSG) nano-additives on the tribological performance of SAE 5W-30 gasoline engine oil was investigated on Al-Si-based samples (Al 4032) prepared by cutting from a single-cylinder gasoline engine block. The addition of nano-additives regularly increased the kinematic viscosity; the 63.80 mm2/s (BO) value rose to 68.90 mm2/s at the highest level of B4C and to 70.50 mm2/s in the hybrid oil (≈10.5% increase). The lowest and most stable friction performance was found in the hybrid 0.025 g/25 mL nano-additive oil, which remained between 0.03 and 0.05 during the entire COF test. The EDS mapping and line scan results confirmed the formation of tribofilm by identifying the additive elements (B for B4C, B and N for hBN, C for HSG) in the wear scar, and the presence of increased O elements showed the restricted formation of tribo-oxidation. The results show that hybrid nano-additive oils provide the most effective friction and wear improvement, especially at low concentrations, while at high additive levels, performance does not show a consistent increase due to particle accumulation and third-body effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Automotive Powertrain Lubrication, 2nd Edition)
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