Stable Isotope Geochemistry for Future Planetary Exploration and the Search for Life beyond Earth

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Astrobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 2244

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Interests: Isotope geochemistry; prebiotic chemistry; meteoritics; cosmochemistry; organic geochemistry; petrology

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Guest Editor
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Interests: stable isotope geochemistry; planetary science; in situ planetary exploration; sample return science; flight instrument development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Life Special Issue, “Stable Isotope Geochemistry for Future Planetary Exploration and the Search for Life Beyond Earth”, explores the role that stable isotopes can play in the investigation and characterization of potentially habitable environments in both our Solar System and in exoplanetary systems. The 2022 Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey highlighted both in situ measurements and laboratory analyses of returned samples as high priorities for the coming decade; isotope analyses were called out as key measurements in many of these investigations. Due to the breadth of this subject, we are soliciting original research contributions from experimentalists, analysts, modelers, observers, and in situ flight instrument developers. The timeline of planetary exploration requires a long view. We therefore particularly encourage those who are pioneering new techniques in stable isotope geo- and cosmochemistry for the interrogation of extraterrestrial organics to consider submitting manuscripts to this Special Issue. Defining the abiotic isotopic background of a planetary body is a crucial step towards assessing its habitability and recognizing possible biosignatures; therefore, we also strongly encourage contributions that focus broadly on the characterization of the stable isotope compositions of a planetary body’s inventory of inorganic volatiles and products of abiotic organic synthesis. Of note, we are not soliciting mission concept papers in this call.

Prof. Dr. John M. Eiler
Dr. Amy E. Hofmann
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • isotope geochemistry
  • planetary science
  • planetary atmospheres
  • planetary surfaces
  • planetary interiors
  • habitability
  • astrobiology
  • sample return
  • telescopic observations
  • flight instrumentation

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

18 pages, 1937 KiB  
Review
Can Isotopologues Be Used as Biosignature Gases in Exoplanet Atmospheres?
by Ana Glidden, Sara Seager, Janusz J. Petkowski and Shuhei Ono
Life 2023, 13(12), 2325; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13122325 - 11 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1481
Abstract
Isotopologue ratios are anticipated to be one of the most promising signs of life that can be observed remotely. On Earth, carbon isotopes have been used for decades as evidence of modern and early metabolic processes. In fact, carbon isotopes may be the [...] Read more.
Isotopologue ratios are anticipated to be one of the most promising signs of life that can be observed remotely. On Earth, carbon isotopes have been used for decades as evidence of modern and early metabolic processes. In fact, carbon isotopes may be the oldest evidence for life on Earth, though there are alternative geological processes that can lead to the same magnitude of fractionation. However, using isotopologues as biosignature gases in exoplanet atmospheres presents several challenges. Most significantly, we will only have limited knowledge of the underlying abiotic carbon reservoir of an exoplanet. Atmospheric carbon isotope ratios will thus have to be compared against the local interstellar medium or, better yet, their host star. A further substantial complication is the limited precision of remote atmospheric measurements using spectroscopy. The various metabolic processes that cause isotope fractionation cause less fractionation than anticipated measurement precision (biological fractionation is typically 2 to 7%). While this level of precision is easily reachable in the laboratory or with special in situ instruments, it is out of reach of current telescope technology to measure isotope ratios for terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres. Thus, gas isotopologues are poor biosignatures for exoplanets given our current and foreseeable technological limitations. Full article
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