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Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect

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A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 July 2023) | Viewed by 10863

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kishor Mazumder

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Guest Editor

1. Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
2. School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: medicinal plant

Prof. Dr. Sitesh C Bachar

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Guest Editor

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Interests: pharmacy; natural products; disease; hepatotive products

Prof. Dr. Mahmud Miski

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
Interests: fruit extracts

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Though there has been substantial advancement in modern science, including synthetic chemistry, however, yet natural products originated from terrestrial or marine sources have been contributing a lot to disease management and irradiation of many diseases including diabetes mellitus, at present more than 537 million peoples are suffering with diabetes and its complications and the number would be 643 around by 2045. On the other hand, still diabetes mellitus and its complications are expensive to manage with currently available drugs. In the past few decades extensive research has been conducted on natural products and their derivatives in search of antidiabetic drugs or ways to minimize its complications. Resultantly, natural products such as ginsenosides, resveratrol curcumin, berberine, gingerols, capsaicin, catechins, sativoside, polyphenols, anthocyanins, genistein and hesperidin obtained from various natural sources are found to have antidiabetic potential through different mechanisms. In search for new antidiabetic drugs, new dimensions in research such as network pharmacology, genomic, nutrigenetics, metabolomics, or in silico studies on antidiabetic metabolites could be remarkably interesting and promising. Furthermore, another aspect is the development of structure-based design of compounds from natural sources for diabetes. In the upcoming era, some interesting new sources and targets should be tested and potential interaction and possible incompatibilities of antidiabetic agents with clinically used drugs are needed to be reported.

Dr. Kishor Mazumder
Prof. Dr. Sitesh C Bachar
Prof. Dr. Mahmud Miski
Guest Editors

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Keywords

natural products
diabetes and its complications
antidiabetic compounds and their derivatives
mechanism of action
clinical trial

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1862 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of Glycoxidative Lesion in Isolated Low-Density Lipoproteins from Diabetes Mellitus Subjects

by Amjad R. Alyahyawi, Mohd Yasir Khan, Sultan Alouffi, Farah Maarfi, Rihab Akasha, Saif Khan, Zeeshan Rafi, Talal Alharazi, Uzma Shahab and Saheem Ahmad

Life 2023, 13(10), 1986; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13101986 - 29 Sep 2023

Viewed by 906

Abstract

Methylglyoxal (MG) is a precursor for advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which have a significant role in diabetes. The present study is designed to probe the immunological response of native and glycated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in experimental animals. The second part of this study is to probe glycoxidative lesion detection in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in diabetes subjects with varying disease duration. The neo-epitopes attributed to glycation-induced glycoxidative lesion of LDL in DM patients’ plasma were, analyzed by binding of native and MG-modified LDL immunized animal sera antibodies using an immunochemical assay. The plasma purified human LDL glycation with MG, which instigated modification in LDL. Further, the NewZealand-White rabbits were infused with unmodified natural LDL (N-LDL) and MG-glycatedLDL to probe its immunogenicity. The glycoxidative lesion detection in LDL of DM with disease duration (D.D.) of 5–15 years and D.D. > 15 years was found to be significantly higher as compared to normal healthy subjects (NHS) LDL. The findings support the notion that prolonged duration of diabetes can cause structural alteration in LDL protein molecules, rendering them highly immunogenic in nature. The presence of LDL lesions specific to MG-associated glycoxidation would further help in assessing the progression of diabetes mellitus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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20 pages, 1719 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antioxidant, Antiglaucoma, Anticholinergic, and Antidiabetic Effects of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) Oil: Metabolite Profile Analysis Using LC-HR/MS, GC/MS and GC-FID

by Eda Mehtap Ozden, Zeynebe Bingol, Muzaffer Mutlu, Hasan Karagecili, Ekrem Köksal, Ahmet C. Goren, Saleh H. Alwasel and İlhami Gulcin

Life 2023, 13(9), 1939; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091939 - 20 Sep 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1382

Abstract

Determining the antioxidant abilities and enzyme inhibition profiles of medicinally important plants and their oils is of great importance for a healthy life and the treatment of some common global diseases. Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) oil was examined and researched using several bioanalytical methods comprehensively for the first time in this research to determine its antioxidant, antiglaucoma, antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer’s capabilities. Additionally, the kiwifruit oil inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and α-amylase, which are linked to a number of metabolic illnesses, were established. Furthermore, LC-HRMS analysis was used to assess the phenolic content of kiwifruit oil. It came to light that kiwifruit oil contained 26 different phenolic compounds. According to the LC-HRMS findings, kiwifruit oil is abundant in apigenin (74.24 mg/L oil), epigallocatechin (12.89 mg/L oil), caryophyllene oxide (12.89 mg/L oil), and luteolin (5.49 mg/L oil). In addition, GC-MS and GC-FID studies were used to ascertain the quantity and chemical composition of the essential oils contained in kiwifruit oil. Squalene (53.04%), linoleoyl chloride (20.28%), linoleic acid (2.67%), and palmitic acid (1.54%) were the most abundant compounds in kiwifruit oil. For radical scavenging activities of kiwifruit oil, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH^•) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS^•+) radicals scavenging techniques were examined. These methods effectively demonstrated the potent radical scavenging properties of kiwifruit oil (IC₅₀: 48.55 μg/mL for DPPH^•, and IC₅₀: 77.00 μg/mL for ABTS^•+ scavenging). Also, for reducing capabilities, iron (Fe³⁺), copper (Cu²⁺), and Fe³⁺-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) reducing abilities were studied. Moreover, kiwifruit oil showed a considerable inhibition effect towards hCA II (IC₅₀: 505.83 μg/mL), AChE (IC₅₀: 12.80 μg/mL), and α-amylase (IC₅₀: 421.02 μg/mL). The results revealed that the use of kiwifruit oil in a pharmaceutical procedure has very important effects due to its antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic, and antiglaucoma effects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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Review

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33 pages, 1343 KiB

Open AccessReview

Flavonols as a Potential Pharmacological Intervention for Alleviating Cognitive Decline in Diabetes: Evidence from Preclinical Studies

by Anđela Horvat, Ignacija Vlašić, Jasminka Štefulj, Nada Oršolić and Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek

Life 2023, 13(12), 2291; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13122291 - 30 Nov 2023

Viewed by 1373

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease associated with reduced synaptic plasticity, atrophy of the hippocampus, and cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment results from several pathological mechanisms, including increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors, prolonged oxidative stress and impaired activity of endogenous mechanisms of antioxidant defense, neuroinflammation driven by the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and disturbance of signaling pathways involved in neuronal survival and cognitive functioning. There is increasing evidence that dietary interventions can reduce the risk of various diabetic complications. In this context, flavonols, a highly abundant class of flavonoids in the human diet, are appreciated as a potential pharmacological intervention against cognitive decline in diabetes. In preclinical studies, flavonols have shown neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and memory-enhancing properties based on their ability to regulate glucose levels, attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, promote the expression of neurotrophic factors, and regulate signaling pathways. The present review gives an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunctions and the results of preclinical studies showing that flavonols have the ability to alleviate cognitive impairment. Although the results from animal studies are promising, clinical and epidemiological studies are still needed to advance our knowledge on the potential of flavonols to improve cognitive decline in diabetic patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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33 pages, 4051 KiB

Open AccessReview

Algae-Derived Natural Products in Diabetes and Its Complications—Current Advances and Future Prospects

by Leonel Pereira and Ana Valado

Life 2023, 13(9), 1831; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091831 - 29 Aug 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2875

Abstract

Diabetes poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Natural products and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for diabetes management due to their diverse compositions and pharmacological effects. Algae, in particular, have garnered attention for their potential as a source of bioactive compounds with anti-diabetic properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of algae-derived natural products for diabetes management, highlighting recent developments and future prospects. It underscores the pivotal role of natural products in diabetes care and delves into the diversity of algae, their bioactive constituents, and underlying mechanisms of efficacy. Noteworthy algal derivatives with substantial potential are briefly elucidated, along with their specific contributions to addressing distinct aspects of diabetes. The challenges and limitations inherent in utilizing algae for therapeutic interventions are examined, accompanied by strategic recommendations for optimizing their effectiveness. By addressing these considerations, this review aims to chart a course for future research in refining algae-based approaches. Leveraging the multifaceted pharmacological activities and chemical components of algae holds significant promise in the pursuit of novel antidiabetic treatments. Through continued research and the fine-tuning of algae-based interventions, the global diabetes burden could be mitigated, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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24 pages, 5410 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Possibility of Using Fruit-Bearing Plants of Temperate Climate in the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes

by Grzegorz P. Łysiak and Iwona Szot

Life 2023, 13(9), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13091795 - 23 Aug 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1161

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most dangerous metabolic diseases. The incidence of this disease continues to increase and is often associated with severe complications. Plants and natural plant products with a healing effect have been successfully used in the treatment of many disease entities since the beginning of the history of herbalism and medicine. At present, great emphasis is placed on the biodiversity of crops and the replacement of the monoculture production system of popular temperate climate plants, such as apple, pear, plum, and vine, with alternative fruit species. Very promising fruit plants are Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas); mulberry (Morus alba); bird cherry (Prunus padus); sour cherry (Prunus cerasus); plants of the genus Amelanchier, Sorbus, and Crategus; medlar (Mespilus germanica); quince (Cydonia oblonga); plants of the genus Vaccinium; and wild roses. When promoting the cultivation of alternative fruit-bearing plants, it is worth emphasizing their beneficial effects on health. This systematic review indicates that the antidiabetic effect of various parts of fruit plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, which have different mechanisms of antidiabetic action and can be used in the treatment of diabetes and various complications associated with this disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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33 pages, 2047 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Review of Medicinal Plants with Renoprotective Activity in Diabetic Nephropathy Animal Models

by I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra, Nanang Fakhrudin, Arief Nurrochmad and Subagus Wahyuono

Life 2023, 13(2), 560; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020560 - 16 Feb 2023

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2516

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), also recognized as diabetic kidney disease, is a kidney malfunction caused by diabetes mellitus. A possible contributing factor to the onset of DN is hyperglycemia. Poorly regulated hyperglycemia can damage blood vessel clusters in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage. Its treatment is difficult and expensive because its causes are extremely complex and poorly understood. Extracts from medicinal plants can be an alternative treatment for DN. The bioactive content in medicinal plants inhibits the progression of DN. This work explores the renoprotective activity and possible mechanisms of various medicinal plant extracts administered to diabetic animal models. Research articles published from 2011 to 2022 were gathered from several databases including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect to ensure up-to-date findings. Results showed that medicinal plant extracts ameliorated the progression of DN via the reduction in oxidative stress and suppression of inflammation, advanced glycation end-product formation, cell apoptosis, and tissue injury-related protein expression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promise of Natural Products and Their Derivatives in Diabetes and Its Complications: Present and Future Prospect)

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