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Life
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Brain-Heart Connection: The Link between Cardiovascular Outcomes in Neuronal Disorders
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Brain-Heart Connection: The Link between Cardiovascular Outcomes in Neuronal Disorders

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (6 January 2023) | Viewed by 3900

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Chad R. Frasier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70582, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
Interests: heart; brain; arrhythmia; SUDEP; epilepsy; ion channels

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is growing evidence that there are changes that spread beyond the brain in neuronal and psychological disorders. This Life special issue entitled “Brain-Heart Connection. The link between cardiovascular outcomes in neuronal disorders” will collect reviews and original articles of how cardiovascular function is augmented in neuronal disorders. We are particularly interested in reviews capable of covering a wide range of neuronal and psychological disorders. In addition, we seek original research articles that provide clinical and/or mechanistic insight into changes to the cardiovascular system in neuronal and psychological disorders.

This special issue seeks to highlight what we know to date, as well as provide a space for emerging areas of research. The scope of the issue includes, but is not limited to: changes in autonomic tone, changes in excitability and arrhythmia risk, changes to developments of heart failure, and changes in cardiovascular biomarkers.

Dr. Chad R. Frasier
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  •  heart
  •  brain
  •  arrhythmia
  •  SUDEP
  •  epilepsy
  •  bipolar disorder
  •  Parkinson’s
  •  autonomic
  •  heart failure
  •  biomarkers

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 594 KiB  
Article
Homoarginine Associates with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Atrial Fibrillation and Predicts Adverse Events after Stroke
by Laura Schwieren, Märit Jensen, Robert Schulz, Susanne Lezius, Elena Laxy, Magalie Milatz, Götz Thomalla, Rainer Böger, Christian Gerloff, Tim Magnus, Edzard Schwedhelm and Chi-un Choe
Life 2023, 13(7), 1590; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071590 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 908
Abstract
Homoarginine is associated with cardio- and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying pathomechanisms remain elusive. Here, we evaluated the association of homoarginine with adverse events (i.e., death, stroke, and myocardial infarction) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in stroke patients. In the prospective [...] Read more.
Homoarginine is associated with cardio- and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying pathomechanisms remain elusive. Here, we evaluated the association of homoarginine with adverse events (i.e., death, stroke, and myocardial infarction) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in stroke patients. In the prospective bioMARKers in STROKE (MARK-STROKE) cohort, patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were enrolled. Plasma homoarginine concentrations were analyzed and associated with clinical phenotypes in cross-sectional (374 patients) and prospective (273 patients) analyses. Adjustments for possible confounders were evaluated. A two-fold increase in homoarginine was inversely associated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, cIMT, and prevalent atrial fibrillation (mean factor −0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI): −1.30, −0.07], −0.14 [95% CI: −0.22, −0.05]; and odds ratio 0.57 [95% CI: 0.33, 0.96], respectively). During the follow-up (median 284 [25th, 75th percentile: 198, 431] days), individuals with homoarginine levels in the highest tertile had fewer incident events compared with patients in the lowest homoarginine tertile independent of traditional risk factors (hazard ratio 0.22 [95% CI: 0.08, 0.63]). A lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation and a reduced cIMT pinpointed potential underlying pathomechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain-Heart Connection: The Link between Cardiovascular Outcomes in Neuronal Disorders)
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Review

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15 pages, 4144 KiB  
Review
Chronic Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline in Patients with Cardiac Disease: Evidence, Relevance, and Therapeutic Implications
by Jan Traub, Anna Frey and Stefan Störk
Life 2023, 13(2), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020329 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2483
Abstract
Acute and chronic cardiac disorders predispose to alterations in cognitive performance, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to overt dementia. Although this association is well-established, the factors inducing and accelerating cognitive decline beyond ageing and the intricate causal pathways and multilateral interdependencies involved remain [...] Read more.
Acute and chronic cardiac disorders predispose to alterations in cognitive performance, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to overt dementia. Although this association is well-established, the factors inducing and accelerating cognitive decline beyond ageing and the intricate causal pathways and multilateral interdependencies involved remain poorly understood. Dysregulated and persistent inflammatory processes have been implicated as potentially causal mediators of the adverse consequences on brain function in patients with cardiac disease. Recent advances in positron emission tomography disclosed an enhanced level of neuroinflammation of cortical and subcortical brain regions as an important correlate of altered cognition in these patients. In preclinical and clinical investigations, the thereby involved domains and cell types of the brain are gradually better characterized. Microglia, resident myeloid cells of the central nervous system, appear to be of particular importance, as they are extremely sensitive to even subtle pathological alterations affecting their complex interplay with neighboring astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, infiltrating myeloid cells, and lymphocytes. Here, we review the current evidence linking cognitive impairment and chronic neuroinflammation in patients with various selected cardiac disorders including the aspect of chronic neuroinflammation as a potentially druggable target. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain-Heart Connection: The Link between Cardiovascular Outcomes in Neuronal Disorders)
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