Personalized Medicine in Dental and Oral Health

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 3827

Special Issue Editors


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Department of Implantology, Removable Dentures, Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
Interests: biomaterials, nanotechnologies, and oral rehabilitation in a systemic context

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Individualized therapy in dental and oral health is an important guiding principle of contemporary dentistry based on specific clinical and paraclinical assessments.

Personalized medicine is a constantly evolving field in which particular attention is paid to diagnostic tests in order to identify biological markers, ideally even genetic backgrounds, so that the choice of therapeutic algorithm represents an important pillar for each individual patient in accordance with local, loco-regional, and general particularity.

The core values of personalized medicine are anchored in the human genome, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, which are relevant starting points for individualized therapeutic approaches. The correct and individualized use of the full arsenal of clinical and paraclinical assessments for accurate diagnoses has the ultimate goal of reducing diagnostic errors, warranting the choice of the optimal therapy. 

The aim of this Special Issue is to individualize the concepts of personalized medicine in the dental and oral health areas in the context of the evolution of assessment and diagnostic tools, as well as in the context of the spectacular evolution of biomaterials, nanotechnologies, and digitization.

Current research in the territory of dental medicine aims to assess risk factors in the development of different types of pathologies in the oral and maxillofacial framework and to analyze specific pathologies in a systemic context. A research direction with profound practical impact is materialized by the identification of pharmacogenomics in the area of dental medicine, given the fact that different clinical entities require drug therapies, increasingly tending on the replacement of traditional methods of drug dosing according to age/weight, with the choice of a therapeutic dose determined through the effectiveness and metabolism of the drug for each individual organism. Current research in personalized medicine is targeting clinical variability in periodontal pathology that may be clarified via genetic factors; contemporary studies are based on the fact that genes may affect host–bacterial interactions in periodontal tissues due to increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The concepts of personalized medicine can be found in the therapy of caries pathology, oral cancers, orthodontics, and, of course, dental prosthodontics, from fundamental approaches to the corroboration with the evolving aspects of predictable diagnostic and monitoring methods, materializing in several well-defined trajectories underlying targeted therapies in the dental area, with the final therapeutic results being fundamental following the application of multidisciplinary approaches in a systemic context.

This Special Issue will bring together original articles grafted onto the issues addressed as well as review articles

Prof. Dr. Liliana Georgeta Foia
Dr. Magda Ecaterina Antohe
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral health
  • systemic context
  • personalized medicine
  • pharmacogenomics
  • caries pathology
  • diagnostics
  • clinical evaluation
  • paraclinical evaluation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3423 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Retraction Utilizing Power Arms in Lingual Orthodontic Technique
by Shaher Alhiraky, Anna Konermann, Ludger Keilig and Christoph Bourauel
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(9), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14090988 - 17 Sep 2024
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Abstract
Aims: It was the scope of this study to explore the biomechanical implications of retraction force application point modifications in lingual orthodontics, aiming to mitigate the bowing effect and enhance anchorage stability in the anterior teeth. Methods: Using the FE method on an [...] Read more.
Aims: It was the scope of this study to explore the biomechanical implications of retraction force application point modifications in lingual orthodontics, aiming to mitigate the bowing effect and enhance anchorage stability in the anterior teeth. Methods: Using the FE method on an idealized maxillary model, en masse retraction was simulated using a modified lingual fixed appliance including edgewise lingual brackets, a 0.017″ × 0.025″ mushroom-shaped archwire, and power arms between lateral incisors and canines, with a transpalatal arch (TPA) connecting the first molars. Applying bilateral retraction forces of 1.5 N at twelve positions, initial tooth displacements during space closure were evaluated. Results: Shifting power arms gingivally did not effectively counteract palatal tipping of incisors but reduced posterior and palatal tipping of canines with a power arm length of 11.3 mm preventing posterior tipping. Apically displacing the TPA retraction force increased mesiobuccal rotation while preventing mesial molar tipping for retraction forces applied 12.6 mm from the archwire. Conclusions: Apically shifting retraction forces can mitigate vertical bowing effects in lingual orthodontics, yet it also highlights the challenges in maintaining torque in the anterior teeth. Further research and clinical validation are essential in order to confirm these results, emphasizing the complexity and need for advanced biomechanical strategies in personalized lingual orthodontic treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Dental and Oral Health)
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12 pages, 5261 KiB  
Article
A Modern Multidisciplinary Method to Characterize Natural White Spot Lesions with 2D and 3D Assessments: A Preliminary Study
by Flavia Vitiello, Giulia Orilisi, Valentina Notarstefano, Michele Furlani, Nicole Riberti, Tiziano Bellezze, Florence Carrouel, Angelo Putignano and Giovanna Orsini
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(5), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14050542 - 19 May 2024
Viewed by 1068
Abstract
In this preliminary study, a multidisciplinary method based on high-resolution analytical techniques (such as microcomputed tomography, Raman Microspectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers microhardness test) was exploited to evaluate the alterations that occur in human teeth at the initial stage of the carious [...] Read more.
In this preliminary study, a multidisciplinary method based on high-resolution analytical techniques (such as microcomputed tomography, Raman Microspectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers microhardness test) was exploited to evaluate the alterations that occur in human teeth at the initial stage of the carious lesion. To this purpose, six extracted molars displaying a natural white spot lesion (WSL) were investigated. Specific morphological, structural, and chemical parameters, such as the mineral density, indentation hardness, molecular and elemental composition, and surface micromorphology were obtained on the WSL, and the results were statistically compared (t-test, p < 0.05) to those of the sound enamel on the same tooth. In the WSL, with respect to the sound area, a decrease in the mineral density and crystallinity was detected together with differences in the molecular composition and surface microstructure, such as the occurrence of micropores and irregularities. Moreover, the elemental analysis highlighted in WSL showed a statistically significant decrease in Ca and P percentages. In conclusion, this multidisciplinary approach allows us to fully characterize the area of interest, providing a deeper knowledge of these enamel lesions, which could have important clinical implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Dental and Oral Health)
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Review

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20 pages, 753 KiB  
Review
Analysis of the Use of Sample Size and Effect Size Calculations in a Temporomandibular Disorders Randomised Controlled Trial—Short Narrative Review
by Grzegorz Zieliński and Piotr Gawda
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(6), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14060655 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1677
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the term used to describe a pathology (dysfunction and pain) in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). There is an apparent upward trend in the publication of dental research and a need to continually improve the quality [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the term used to describe a pathology (dysfunction and pain) in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). There is an apparent upward trend in the publication of dental research and a need to continually improve the quality of research. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the use of sample size and effect size calculations in a TMD randomised controlled trial. Methods: The period was restricted to the full 5 years, i.e., papers published in 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023. The filter article type—“Randomized Controlled Trial” was used. The studies were graded on a two-level scale: 0–1. In the case of 1, sample size (SS) and effect size (ES) were calculated. Results: In the entire study sample, SS was used in 58% of studies, while ES was used in 15% of studies. Conclusions: Quality should improve as research increases. One factor that influences quality is the level of statistics. SS and ES calculations provide a basis for understanding the results obtained by the authors. Access to formulas, online calculators and software facilitates these analyses. High-quality trials provide a solid foundation for medical progress, fostering the development of personalized therapies that provide more precise and effective treatment and increase patients’ chances of recovery. Improving the quality of TMD research, and medical research in general, helps to increase public confidence in medical advances and raises the standard of patient care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Dental and Oral Health)
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