Recent Advancements in Mechanical Properties of Composites

A special issue of Journal of Composites Science (ISSN 2504-477X). This special issue belongs to the section "Composites Modelling and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 2683

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Guest Editor
Laboratoire des Technologies Innovantes LTI, University Institute of Technology of Amiens, University of Picardie Jules Verne, UR UPJV 3899, Amiens, France
Interests: mechanics; multiscale modeling; crystal plasticity; micromechanics; stability and bifurcation; microstructure; polycristalline steels; multi-material stacks; FRP composite materials; ductility; damage; wear; forming; drilling; welding
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite laminates, such as Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (CFRP), Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (GFRP), Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (AFRP) or more recently Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (NFRP), exhibit enhanced properties compared to conventional materials and are gradually preferred to them in various engineering applications such as automotive parts or sport goods. In the particular case of the modern aeronautical manufacturing, emerging hybrid Fiber Metal Laminates (FML) or bi-material metallic-composite stacks are used to obtain better structural functionalities and mechanical properties superior to those of the individual components. Despite their widespread applications, drilling of these composite laminates with required quality remains a challenging task because of the heterogeneity, anisotropy and high abrasiveness of fibers for the FRP composites and due to the disparate machinability of each constituted material in the case of hybrid stacks.

The drilling performance and drilled-hole quality are essentially characterized by surface roughness, peel-up and push-out delamination, mechanical and thermal damages and thrust force. They depend on cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate), drilling tool characteristics (type, geometry, coating, material) and drilling processes (conventional and unconventional).

This Special Issue focuses on latest experimental and theoretical advancements in the fields of various drilling processes for composite laminates covering large topic including these main aspects: damage modelling in composite drilling by FE approaches or analytical models, optimization of process parameters, development of special drill bits, damage detection and quantification, wear prediction and tool performance… Authors are encouraged to contribute to the Special Issue by submitting original papers as well as review articles.

Prof. Dr. Gérald Franz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • composite laminates (CFRP, GFRP, AFRP)
  • fiber-metal laminates (FML) and FRP/metal stacks
  • conventional drilling and orthogonal cutting
  • non-traditional drilling processes (e.g., vibration-assisted drilling, orbital drilling, …)
  • drilled-hole quality (delamination, roughness, diameter…)
  • chip formation and removal mechanisms
  • drill wear mechanisms and tool life
  • tribological behavior and friction tool-chip interface modeling
  • numerical simulation and FE analysis
  • mechanistic and analytical modeling of thrust force and heat generation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3761 KB  
Article
Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Epoxy/Microfibril Cellulose Composites via GPTMS Modification: Optimization and Microstructural Analysis
by Harianingsih Harianingsih, Deni Fajar Fitriyana, Nur Qudus, Januar Parlaungan Siregar, Ade Mundari Wijaya, Annisa Rifathin, Zarlina Zainuddin, Fitri Ayu Radini, Raden Setyo Adji Koesoemowidodo and Hosta Ardhyananta
J. Compos. Sci. 2026, 10(6), 282; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10060282 - 22 May 2026
Viewed by 559
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) concentration on the mechanical, interfacial, and fracture behavior of epoxy/microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) composites derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). GPTMS was incorporated at 1, 3, and 5 Phr to improve compatibility between hydrophilic [...] Read more.
This study investigates the effect of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) concentration on the mechanical, interfacial, and fracture behavior of epoxy/microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) composites derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). GPTMS was incorporated at 1, 3, and 5 Phr to improve compatibility between hydrophilic MFC and the hydrophobic epoxy matrix. Mechanical testing revealed that GPTMS concentration significantly influenced composite performance in a concentration-dependent manner, with 1 Phr GPTMS providing the most balanced reinforcement. At this concentration, tensile strength increased by 14.5% from 32.88 ± 3.61 MPa to 37.65 ± 1.42 MPa, while flexural strength improved by 5.55% from 70.24 ± 5.30 MPa to 74.14 ± 4.10 MPa compared with the unmodified composite. Tensile modulus also increased from 2.07 ± 0.06 GPa to 2.21 ± 0.16 GPa, accompanied by improved flexural modulus from 2.39 ± 0.12 GPa to 2.47 ± 0.21 GPa. SEM analysis revealed that the optimized formulation promoted more uniform MFC dispersion, improved interfacial integrity, reduced void formation, and enhanced fracture resistance through tortuous crack propagation, localized radial crack branching, and matrix tearing. In contrast, higher GPTMS concentrations (3 and 5 Phr) reduced mechanical efficiency, with flexural strength declining to 65.27 ± 5.33 MPa and 66.16 ± 4.23 MPa, respectively, due to increased fiber pull-out, interfacial heterogeneity, and more continuous crack propagation. FTIR analysis suggested possible silane-related interfacial modifications consistent with GPTMS incorporation, although these findings are interpreted as supportive rather than definitive evidence of grafting. Overall, the results demonstrate that moderate GPTMS incorporation (1 Phr) is the optimum strategy for enhancing epoxy/MFC composite performance, offering a practical pathway for developing sustainable lightweight bio-based composites with balanced strength, stiffness, and fracture resistance. This research contributes to SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by promoting sustainable utilization of oil palm biomass waste for advanced engineering materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Mechanical Properties of Composites)
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22 pages, 85676 KB  
Article
Mechanical Strength Analysis of Silt-Filled, NaOH-KOH Activated Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers
by Francesca Ranellucci, Gianfranco Ulian, Daniele Moro, Cesare Sangiorgi and Giovanni Valdrè
J. Compos. Sci. 2026, 10(5), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10050238 - 29 Apr 2026
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Abstract
The present study reports the variation of the mechanical properties of engineered metakaolin-based geopolymers synthetized using NaOH-KOH alkali activators and sodium disilicate, investigated after 7 and 28 days of aging by means of unconfined compression tests for mechanical strength analysis. The geopolymers were [...] Read more.
The present study reports the variation of the mechanical properties of engineered metakaolin-based geopolymers synthetized using NaOH-KOH alkali activators and sodium disilicate, investigated after 7 and 28 days of aging by means of unconfined compression tests for mechanical strength analysis. The geopolymers were synthetized by mixing KOH and NaOH in different proportions in the alkaline activating solution, from 0% to 100% of KOH addition, fixing the Si/Al ratio and water content. The binders were synthetized with different curing temperatures. A novel composition using quarry-derived materials (silt from sedimentation lakes) was developed to realize an innovative composite. The materials were characterized by XRD, ESEM-EDS and unconfined compression tests. The mechanical results underlined that the addition of the filler tends to preserve the mechanical properties of the composite. Generally, curing at 40 °C followed by a 28-day aging period for the mixed Na-K geopolymers demonstrated the highest mechanical strength of all the synthesized products, with a maximum strength of 21 MPa. Mixed NaOH-KOH composites generally exhibited lower performances compared to sample consisting solely of 100% NaOH when cured at a temperature of 85 °C. Nonetheless, the synthetized composites reported in this study can have diverse applications across various technological fields requiring low-strength materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Mechanical Properties of Composites)
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15 pages, 5382 KB  
Article
Properties of WC-Co Cemented Carbide Reinforced with Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Nanoparticles
by Boranbay Ratov, Volodymyr Mechnik, Edvin Hevorkian, Miroslaw Rucki, Daniel Pieniak, Mykola Bondarenko, Vasyl Kolodnitskyi, Sergii Starik, Volodymyr Chishkala, Aidar Kuttybaev, Galiya Akhmedyanova and Anar Abilakhanova
J. Compos. Sci. 2026, 10(3), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs10030156 - 12 Mar 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 813
Abstract
To produce strong and wear-resistant tools for the rock drilling industry, the most commonly used metal matrix composites contain the reinforcing phase of cemented carbide. There are numerous research reports on attempts to improve the performance of WC-Co composites. The paper is a [...] Read more.
To produce strong and wear-resistant tools for the rock drilling industry, the most commonly used metal matrix composites contain the reinforcing phase of cemented carbide. There are numerous research reports on attempts to improve the performance of WC-Co composites. The paper is a continuation of previously reported research on the SPS-processed WC–6 wt.%Co metal matrix composites with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) addition in amounts of 4 wt.% and 10 wt.%. The sintered specimens were polished and underwent the microindentation tests with a Vickers shape diamond tip. The following parameters were measured: stiffness S, the Poisson number ν, indentation creep CIT, relaxation RIT, indentation hardness HIT, indentation Vickers hardness HVIT, Martens hardness HM, reduced modulus E*, and indentation elastic modulus EIT. The tests revealed hardness values of 16.2–17.0 GPa and indentation elastic moduli in the range of 607–670 GPa. Moreover, respective plastic and elastic parts of the indentation work Wplast and Welast were determined. It was found that YSZ addition slightly reduced hardness and modulus, but all the three wear parameters, H/E, H3/E2, and 1/(E2H), increased after addition of zirconia. Specifically, for 10 wt.% ZrO2 H/E increased by 5%, H3/E2 by 7%, while 1/(E2H) by 27% compared to 94WC–6Co composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Mechanical Properties of Composites)
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