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New Updates Frontiers in Aortic Valve Disease
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New Updates Frontiers in Aortic Valve Disease

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2022) | Viewed by 4917

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Flavien Vincent

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CHU Lille, Institut Coeur Poumon, Cardiology, Department of Interventional Cardiology for Coronary, Valves and Structural Heart Diseases, Inserm, U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Université de Lille, Lille, France
Interests: valvular diseases; structural heart interventions; transcatheter valve therapy; innovation; novel approaches to treat cardiovascular diseases; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; cardiac surgery; cardiac imaging; computed tomography angiography; bicuspid aortic valve; transcatheter mitral valve replacement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The management of valve diseases is one of the most exciting fields in contemporary cardiology.

Aortic valve diseases have experienced a revolution in the last decade with the introduction of transcatheter therapies providing a mini-invasive, safe, and efficient treatment for the majority of patients. Most importantly, these devices are also helping our community to better understand the valvular diseases from the pathophysiology to the intervention. Imaging specialists, cardiothoracic surgeons, and interventional cardiologists are working together to move this field forward and pave the way for the management of the other valvular diseases.

However, many questions remain on how to prevent or slow the progression of the disease, the role of medical treatment, the identification of new indications (moderate or asymptomatic disease), the patient morphological selection (bicuspid, coronary access, and associated valvular diseases), or how to integrate all the available therapies in the patient’s lifelong management.

In this Special Issue, we will host high-quality original research exploring new frontiers in aortic valve disease, but also the most up-to-date reviews addressing the current state-of-the-art of this field.

Dr. Flavien Vincent
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aortic valve stenosis
  • aortic valve insufficiency
  • structural heart interventions
  • transcatheter valve therapy
  • transcatheter aortic valve replacement
  • cardiac surgery
  • imaging in structural heart interventions
  • conduction disturbances
  • cerebral ischemic protection
  • innovation
  • long-term outcomes
  • novel approaches to treat cardiovascular diseases

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1290 KiB  
Article
Association of the Heart Rate Variability Response to Active Standing with the Severity of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: Novel Insights of a Neurocardiovascular Pathology
by Jimena Rodríguez-Carbó, José M. Torres-Arellano, Nydia Ávila-Vanzzini, Rashidi Springall, Rafael Bojalil, Oscar Infante, Claudia Lerma and Juan Carlos Echeverría
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(16), 4771; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164771 - 16 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1172
Abstract
The aim of this work was to obtain insights of the participation of the autonomic nervous system in different stages of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Studying subjects with no valve impairments and CAVD patients, we also [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was to obtain insights of the participation of the autonomic nervous system in different stages of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Studying subjects with no valve impairments and CAVD patients, we also sought to quantify the independent contribution or explanatory capacity of the aortic valve echocardiographic parameters involved in the HRV changes caused by active standing using hierarchical partitioning models to consider other variables or potential confounders. We detected smaller adjustments of the cardiac autonomic response at active standing caused specifically by the aortic valve deterioration. The highest association (i.e., the highest percentage of independent exploratory capacity) was found between the aortic valve area and the active standing changes in the short-term HRV scaling exponent α1 (4.591%). The valve’s maximum pressure gradient echocardiographic parameter was present in most models assessed (in six out of eight models of HRV indices that included a valve parameter as an independent variable). Overall, our study provides insights with a wider perspective to explore and consider CAVD as a neurocardiovascular pathology. This pathology involves autonomic-driven compensatory mechanisms that seem generated by the aortic valve deterioration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Updates Frontiers in Aortic Valve Disease)
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13 pages, 1277 KiB  
Article
Cerebrovascular Events after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: The Difficulty in Predicting the Unpredictable
by Oliver Maier, Georg Bosbach, Kerstin Piayda, Shazia Afzal, Amin Polzin, Ralf Westenfeld, Christian Jung, Malte Kelm, Tobias Zeus and Verena Veulemans
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(13), 3902; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133902 - 04 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1403
Abstract
Background: Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are feared complications following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We aimed to develop a new risk model for CVE prediction with the application of multimodal imaging. Methods: From May 2011 to August 2019, a total of 2015 patients underwent [...] Read more.
Background: Cerebrovascular events (CVE) are feared complications following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We aimed to develop a new risk model for CVE prediction with the application of multimodal imaging. Methods: From May 2011 to August 2019, a total of 2015 patients underwent TAVR at our institution. The study cohort was subdivided into a derivation cohort (n = 1365) and a validation cohort (n = 650) for risk model development. Results: Of 2015 patients, 72 (3.6%) developed TAVR-related CVE. Pre-procedural factors of our risk model were history of prior CVE, a larger aortic valve area (≥0.55 cm2), a large aortic angulation (≥48.5°), and enhanced calcification of the right coronary cusp (≥447.2 AU), left ventricular outflow tract (≥262.4 AU), and ascending thoracic aorta (≥116.4 AU). Our risk model was superior for in-hospital CVE prediction following TAVR in the establishment cohort (AUC 0.73, 95% CI 0.66–0.80; p < 0.001) compared to other risk scores, such as the EuroSCORE II or the CHA2DS2-VASc score. Conclusions: Although CVE prediction in patients undergoing TAVR is challenging due to the complex nature of the TAVR procedure, our study highlights that multimodal imaging is a promising approach to generate a more accurate risk model for CVE prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Updates Frontiers in Aortic Valve Disease)
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Graphical abstract

10 pages, 982 KiB  
Article
Clinical Implications of Changes in Respiratory Instability Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
by Yohei Ueno, Teruhiko Imamura, Akira Oshima, Hiroshi Onoda, Ryuichi Ushijima, Mitsuo Sobajima, Nobuyuki Fukuda, Hiroshi Ueno and Koichiro Kinugawa
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(1), 280; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010280 - 05 Jan 2022
Viewed by 1811
Abstract
Background: Respiratory instability, which can be quantified using respiratory stability time (RST), is associated with the severity and prognostic impact of the disease in patients with chronic heart failure. However, its clinical implications in patients with severe aortic stenosis receiving transcatheter aortic valve [...] Read more.
Background: Respiratory instability, which can be quantified using respiratory stability time (RST), is associated with the severity and prognostic impact of the disease in patients with chronic heart failure. However, its clinical implications in patients with severe aortic stenosis receiving transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain unknown. Methods: Patients who received TAVR and had paired measurements of RST at a baseline and one week following TAVR were prospectively included. Changes in RST following TAVR and its impact on post-TAVR heart failure readmissions were investigated. Results: Seventy-one patients (median age, 86 years old; 35% men) were included. The baseline RST was correlated with the severity of heart failure including elevated levels of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (p < 0.05 for all). RST improved significantly following TAVR from 34 (26, 37) s to 36 (33, 38) s (p < 0.001). Post-TAVR lower RST (<33 s, n = 18) was associated with a higher 2-year cumulative incidence of heart failure readmission (21% vs. 8%, p = 0.039) with a hazard ratio of 5.47 (95% confidence interval 0.90–33.2). Conclusion: Overall, respiratory instability improved following TAVR. Persistent respiratory instability following TAVR was associated with heart failure recurrence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Updates Frontiers in Aortic Valve Disease)
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