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Diabetes Mellitus and Emerging Health Challenges: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology & Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2026 | Viewed by 432

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Interests: short stature; growth hormone; growth hormone therapy; obesity; insulin resistance; dysglycemia; type 1 diabetes; prediabetes; autoimmune thyroiditis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Interests: type 1 diabetes mellitus; type 2 diabetes mellitus; diabetic complications; diabetes treatment; autoimmune diabetes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes mellitus remains a leading global health challenge, with rising prevalence among adults and children. Due to acute and chronic complications, it has profound implications for morbidity, mortality, and healthcare systems. Beyond glycemic control, diabetes is closely linked with cardiovascular disease, kidney dysfunction, neuropathy, retinopathy, infections, and impaired wound healing. The complexity of these complications underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach to care, involving endocrinology, cardiology, nephrology, neurology, ophthalmology, and primary care. Diabetes can also affect cognitive functions and psychological well-being, thus requiring additional targeted support.

This Special Issue, titled “Diabetes Mellitus and Emerging Health Challenges: A Multidisciplinary Perspective”, aims to highlight advances in clinical management, prevention strategies, and integrated care models. Topics of interest include novel therapeutic approaches, biomarker-driven diagnostics, lifestyle interventions, comorbidity management, and health system responses to the diabetes epidemic.

We welcome original research, clinical studies, and reviews that contribute to improving outcomes and fostering holistic, patient-centered diabetes care.

Dr. Katarzyna A. Majewska
Dr. Agnieszka Zawada
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • type 1 diabetes
  • type 2 diabetes
  • diabetic complications
  • prediabetes
  • diabetes treatment
  • autoimmune diabetes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 416 KB  
Article
Impaired Attention Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: Preliminary Results Based on the Computerized Continuous Performance Test
by Katarzyna Anna Majewska, Maia Stanisławska-Kubiak, Paulina Wais, Joanna Budzulak, Ewa Mojs and Andrzej Kędzia
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(24), 8656; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14248656 - 6 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Attention is a fundamental cognitive parameter, essential for developmental processes. It enables the selective processing of environmental stimuli and guides behavioral responses. Obesity, apart from its broad influence on human somatic health, is also associated with mental and cognitive functioning. In childhood [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Attention is a fundamental cognitive parameter, essential for developmental processes. It enables the selective processing of environmental stimuli and guides behavioral responses. Obesity, apart from its broad influence on human somatic health, is also associated with mental and cognitive functioning. In childhood obesity, detailed attention assessment could help elucidate the relationship between the condition and cognitive development, and perhaps also help predict specific difficulties during treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate attention functioning in children and adolescents with obesity using the computerized continuous performance test (CPT). Methods: The study involved 71 children, including 23 with obesity and 48 healthy children with normal body weight. The MOXO CPT was used to assess attention parameters in all participants. The test covered four parameters: sustained attention, timing, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Results: Children with obesity obtained significantly lower CPT results in terms of timing (p = 0.024), hyperactivity (p = 0.001), and impulsivity (p < 0.001), while the difference in sustained attention did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.074). Conclusions: Attention efficiency appears to be reduced in children with obesity compared with their healthy peers. Assessment of attention parameters in this group of patients could be valuable in the context of planning and implementing therapeutic interventions. Children with coexisting obesity and impaired attention functioning would probably require more assistance in following daily behavioral and nutritional recommendations. Full article
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18 pages, 1731 KB  
Systematic Review
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Non-ICU Hospitalized Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
by Darío Lara-Gálvez, Matilde Rubio-Almanza, Yolanda Aparicio-Ródenas, David Sanchis-Pascual, Pilar Masdeu-López-Cerón, Victor Pérez-Cervantes and Juan Francisco Merino-Torres
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15010034 (registering DOI) - 20 Dec 2025
Abstract
Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may overcome the limitations of intermittent point-of-care (POC) testing by providing real-time glucose trends and reducing treatment delays. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CGM versus POC capillary testing in improving glycemic control among hospitalized [...] Read more.
Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may overcome the limitations of intermittent point-of-care (POC) testing by providing real-time glucose trends and reducing treatment delays. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CGM versus POC capillary testing in improving glycemic control among hospitalized non-Intensive Care Unit (non-ICU) adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We searched PubMed for randomized controlled trials published in English or Spanish that compared CGM with POC testing in hospitalized non-ICU adults ≥ 18 years old with T2DM and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB2 tool. The primary outcome was time in range (TIR). Secondary outcomes included time below range (TBR), time above range (TAR), mean glucose (MG), and glycemic variability (GV). Results: Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 1106 patients were analyzed. CGM significantly improved TIR (mean difference [MD] +8.15%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: +5.76, +10.55; p < 0.001) and reduced TAR > 180 mg/dL (MD −7.11%; 95% CI: −9.43, −4.78; p < 0.001) and TAR > 250 mg/dL (MD −3.96%; 95% CI: −5.29, −2.62; p < 0.001) compared with POC testing. MG also decreased with CGM (MD −11.27 mg/dL; 95% CI: −14.74, −7.81; p < 0.001). A modest reduction in TBR <70 mg/dL was observed (MD −0.29%; p < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were found for TBR < 54 mg/dL or GV. Conclusions: CGM improves inpatient glycemic control in non-ICU adults with type 2 diabetes, demonstrating advantages over POC testing across multiple randomized trials. However, further multicenter research is needed to clarify workflow implications, cost-effectiveness, and optimal implementation strategies. Full article
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