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Physical Activity, Exercise and Health: Clinical Management and Research
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Physical Activity, Exercise and Health: Clinical Management and Research

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology & Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2025 | Viewed by 2868

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Do-yeon Kim

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Guest Editor
Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
Interests: exercise; exercise physiology; metabolism; obesity; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; aging; women’s health; cognitive function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dae Yun Seo

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Guest Editor
Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
Interests: exercise medicine; cellular and molecular control of skeletal muscle metabolism; mitochondrial bioenergetics; nutrition metabolism for enhancement of physical activity
Dr. Ju-yong Bae

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Education, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
Interests: exercise; metabolic syndrome; diabetes; obesity; physiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent research on the impact of physical activity and exercise on health has progressed beyond traditional disease prevention, now focusing on their use as therapeutic tools in clinical settings. For instance, personalized exercise prescriptions for patients with chronic conditions are gaining attention for symptom relief and recovery support. Studies have shown that exercise is effective in managing a range of conditions, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the positive effects of physical activity on mental health are increasingly recognized, with integrated treatment models that incorporate exercise becoming more prevalent.

However, clear guidelines on how to effectively apply these findings in clinical practice remain lacking. More research is needed on exercise prescription models tailored to diverse patient populations, as well as interdisciplinary approaches that combine exercise with other therapeutic methods. Additionally, follow-up studies are necessary to confirm the long-term health benefits of these interventions, and further exploration is required to understand how physical activity and exercise can inform public health policies.

This Special Issue invites studies on new exercise interventions and prescription programs designed for clinical populations, physical activity and health programs for women and the elderly, and interdisciplinary research that integrates exercise science with related fields, with the goal of providing practical benefits for both healthcare professionals and patients.

Prof. Dr. Do-yeon Kim
Dr. Dae Yun Seo
Dr. Ju-yong Bae
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical activity
  • exercise
  • exercise physiology
  • exercise prescription
  • aging
  • women’s health
  • chronic disease

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 559 KiB  
Article
Effects of Walking and Barre Exercise on CES-D, Stress Hormones, hs-CRP, and Immunoglobulins in Elderly Women
by Min-Kyo Kim, Su-Han Koh and Tae-Kyu Kim
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1777; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051777 - 6 Mar 2025
Viewed by 874
Abstract
Objectives: This study explored the impact of a 12-week walking and barre exercise program on depression levels (CES-D), stress hormones (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, serotonin), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) in women aged 65 and above. Methods: Twenty-seven participants [...] Read more.
Objectives: This study explored the impact of a 12-week walking and barre exercise program on depression levels (CES-D), stress hormones (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, serotonin), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) in women aged 65 and above. Methods: Twenty-seven participants were divided into a walking exercise group (WG), barre exercise group (BG) and control group (CG), each comprising nine individuals. Sessions lasted 50 min, thrice weekly, with intensity progressing every 4 weeks. Two-way repeated measures of ANOVA assessed time–group interactions and main effects, and paired t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used post hoc with significance set at 0.05. Results: The CES-D scores demonstrated significant interaction (p < 0.001), decreasing significantly in the BG and WG (p < 0.01) while rising in the CG (p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis revealed significantly lower depression levels in the BG compared to the CG (p < 0.01). Stress hormones epinephrine and cortisol showed a main effect of time (p < 0.05), with epinephrine increasing significantly in the BG (p < 0.05) and cortisol decreasing in the BG and WG (p < 0.05). An interaction effect emerged in hs-CRP levels (p < 0.05), while IgA and IgM displayed interaction effects (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), both significantly increasing in the BG (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In summary, regular exercise positively impacted depression, stress hormones, and immune functions in older women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Exercise and Health: Clinical Management and Research)
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19 pages, 3457 KiB  
Article
Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia of Varying Severity on Metabolic and Hormonal Responses Following Resistance Exercise in Men and Women
by Jakub Foltyn, Kamila Płoszczyca, Miłosz Czuba, Adam Niemaszyk, Józef Langfort and Robert Gajda
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1514; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051514 - 24 Feb 2025
Viewed by 568
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Resistance exercise under hypoxic conditions induces various metabolic and hormonal responses, yet the relationship between hypoxia severity and anabolic hormone responses remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of a single bout of resistance exercise on metabolic and hormonal [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Resistance exercise under hypoxic conditions induces various metabolic and hormonal responses, yet the relationship between hypoxia severity and anabolic hormone responses remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of a single bout of resistance exercise on metabolic and hormonal responses in normoxia and three levels of hypoxia in both men and women. Methods: The study involved 16 physically active individuals with at least two years of experience in recreational resistance training. The participants completed resistance exercise sessions in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia at simulated altitudes of 3000 m (H3000), 4000 m (H4000), and 5000 m (H5000). Blood levels of total testosterone (T), cortisol (C), growth hormone (GH), and metabolic variables were measured before and after exercise. Results: In women, severe hypoxia (H4000 and H5000) was found to significantly enhance post-exercise increases in T and GH compared to H3000 (p < 0.05), without affecting C levels. In men, hypoxia (regardless of intensity) did not significantly augment post-exercise changes in T and GH compared to normoxia. In H4000 conditions, an increase in C levels was observed (p < 0.05), leading to an unfavorable reduction in the T/C ratio. Additionally, a reduction in the total number of repetitions performed during the training session and a weakened metabolic response (lactate and creatine kinase) were observed in men at H5000. Conclusions: In women, severe hypoxia (H5000) was found to induce a pronounced hormonal response, particularly in GH levels. The use of severe hypoxia during resistance exercise appears unfavorable in men due to a reduced metabolic response, and diminished exercise capacity, coupled with a failure to induce more favorable changes in the secretion of anabolic hormones than in normoxic conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Exercise and Health: Clinical Management and Research)
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15 pages, 2860 KiB  
Article
Eight Weeks of Resistance Training Is Not a Sufficient Stimulus to Improve Body Composition in Post-COVID-19 Elderly Adults
by Katarzyna Kaczmarczyk, Kamila Płoszczyca, Karol Jaskulski and Miłosz Czuba
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(1), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14010174 - 31 Dec 2024
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Background: This study sought to assess how body mass (BM) and body composition in post-COVID-19 elderly adults were affected by 8 weeks of resistance training. An additional goal was to determine the agreement between Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Dual Energy X-Ray [...] Read more.
Background: This study sought to assess how body mass (BM) and body composition in post-COVID-19 elderly adults were affected by 8 weeks of resistance training. An additional goal was to determine the agreement between Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in elderly people. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention Group, which engaged in 8 weeks of resistance training, and a Control Group, which was advised to maintain their usual activity levels. Before and after the intervention, the body composition was analyzed via the BIA and DXA methods. Results: We found no statistically significant changes in BM or body composition following resistance training. BIA was found to overestimate the participants’ baseline BM and fat-free mass (FFM) and to underestimate the fat mass (FM), compared to the DXA method. There were no significant differences in intervention-induced changes in FM and FFM measured by BIA and DXA. Conclusions: Moderate intensity resistance training lasting 8 weeks was not found to be a sufficient stimulus to improve BM and body composition in post-COVID-19 elderly adults. We also conclude that BIA may serve as a viable alternative to DXA for measuring longitudinal changes in body composition in elderly people. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Exercise and Health: Clinical Management and Research)
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