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Bioactive Compounds on Mental Disorders

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 2878

Special Issue Editor


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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mental disorders are the leading cause of disability which continues to grow with significant impacts on health and major social, human rights and economic consequences in all countries of the world. Personal and social factors are attributable to mental health in combination with stress, nutrition, infection, and genetic factors. Studies have revealed many divergent biological systems that are implicated in the pathophysiology of mental disorders and provided numerous pharmacological targets. Many central nervous system acting drugs have been developed and are in use for treatment.

Nevertheless, the exact pathogenesis of most mental disorders is not known, and therapeutic reagents have many problems, such as suboptimal effect, high recurrence, multiple side effects, and requiring long-term administration. Accordingly, there is a need of novel drugs with improved effects.

This Special Issue “Bioactive Compounds on Mental Disorders” aims to gather contributions from basic scientists and clinical researchers to examine the issue of novel bioactive molecules with therapeutic effects on mental disorders. 

This special issue has a Joint Special Issue with CIMB (IF 2.081).

Notes: The focus of this issue is describing the mechanism of bioactive molecules in improving mental disorders. We welcome submissions and studies on nutritional applications using biological, chemical, cellular, molecular, and immunological methods.

Importantly, the exact active ingredient of a vegetable extract must be reported in the submitted research manuscript, since papers describing effects of mixed extraction from plants are not accepted.

Prof. Dr. Sungho Maeng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural products
  • schizophrenia
  • stress disorders
  • depression
  • bipolar disorder
  • anxiety
  • autism
  • dementia
  • mental health

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 3854 KiB  
Article
Novel Therapeutics for Treating Sleep Disorders: New Perspectives on Maydis stigma
by Ryeong-Eun Kim, Darine Froy Mabunga, Hee Jin Kim, Seol-Heui Han, Hahn Young Kim, Chan Young Shin and Kyoung Ja Kwon
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 14612; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314612 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2227
Abstract
Sleep is a restorative period that plays a crucial role in the physiological functioning of the body, including that of the immune system, memory processing, and cognition. Sleep disturbances can be caused by various physical, mental, and social problems. Recently, there has been [...] Read more.
Sleep is a restorative period that plays a crucial role in the physiological functioning of the body, including that of the immune system, memory processing, and cognition. Sleep disturbances can be caused by various physical, mental, and social problems. Recently, there has been growing interest in sleep. Maydis stigma (MS, corn silk) is a female maize flower that is traditionally used as a medicinal plant to treat many diseases, including hypertension, edema, and diabetes. It is also used as a functional food in tea and other supplements. β-Sitosterol (BS) is a phytosterol and a natural micronutrient in higher plants, and it has a similar structure to cholesterol. It is a major component of MS and has anti-inflammatory, antidepressive, and sedative effects. However, the potential effects of MS on sleep regulation remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of MS on sleep in mice. The effects of MS on sleep induction were determined using pentobarbital-induced sleep and caffeine-induced sleep disruption mouse models. MS extracts decreased sleep latency and increased sleep duration in both the pentobarbital-induced sleep induction and caffeine-induced sleep disruption models compared to the positive control, valerian root extract. The butanol fraction of MS extracts decreased sleep latency time and increased sleep duration. In addition, β-sitosterol enhances sleep latency and sleep duration. Both MS extract and β-sitosterol increased alpha activity in the EEG analysis. We measured the mRNA expression of melatonin receptors 1 and 2 (MT1/2) using qRT-PCR. The mRNA expression of melatonin receptors 1 and 2 was increased by MS extract and β-sitosterol treatment in rat primary cultured neurons and the brain. In addition, MS extract increased the expression of clock genes including per1/2, cry1/2, and Bmal1 in the brain. MS extract and β-sitosterol increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and αCaMKII. Our results demonstrate for the first time that MS has a sleep-promoting effect via melatonin receptor expression, which may provide new scientific evidence for its use as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of sleep disturbance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds on Mental Disorders)
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